Credit Exchange with Lisa Lee

The driver for 2026 will be the real step-change in capex requirements all around the AI data boom and the needs of hyperscalers, said Fabianna Del Canto, co-head of EMEA capital markets at MUFG, on the latest episode of the ‘Credit Exchange with Lisa Lee’ podcast.“The absolute quantum required by the data centres dwarfs really any other type of infra-spend that we’re seeing,” said Del Canto.Among myriad other effects, AI has brought about a previously-unimaginable type of demand on, effectively, the entire energy supply ecosystem. Because it’s impacting such a large-scale industry and multiple secondary ones, this is a “real seminal moment and period in time, in terms of how we’re shaping the economies going forward for the future,” she added.But financing the AI boom will look different in Europe and the US.“In Europe, you’re seeing a lot of discussion amongst leaders in the energy space trying to solve this from a sustainable angle,” Del Canto said. “It’s not energy at any cost or any type.”Beyond data centres’ capex needs, Del Canto expects capital markets to be just as busy in 2026, if not busier. As a result, there’s a risk of spreads widening.“We see a very healthy pipeline, and supply is going to keep ticking up in our view,” she said.

Innovation on the liability side is allowing insurance companies to change their funding costs and be more competitive, says Gary Zhu, deputy chief investment officer of insurance at AllianceBernstein (AB), in the latest episode of ‘Credit Exchange with Lisa Lee’.Zhu discusses the proliferation of insurance capital into private assets. He explains that dynamic has to do with lengthening lifespans and a declining lapse rate, the percentage of policies that don’t renew, which has allowed insurance firms more flexibility on liquidity.“They can deploy that capital into private assets, and earn that incremental spread, without giving up anything that they needed,” he says.On the recent stock market volatility, Zhu says that staying invested during good times and bad is important for equity investors in general. On investing, AB’s insurance silo, which has around $200bn in AUM, has been overweight allocations to residential housing credit.“We like the housing market in the US,” he says. “So [the] residential credit market seems to be a place that people have underappreciated the value in the housing markets.”

The end of the US government shutdown has paved the way for a “renewed melt up,” says Matt King, founder of Satori Insights, on the latest episode of Credit Exchange with Lisa Lee. Not just risk assets like equities and credit, but things like gold and Swiss francs, as people worry about how this ends – even as the tide of easy money pushes everything upwards, says King, formerly Citi’s global markets strategist and one of the most widely-followed commentators on financial markets.Since early 2024, the linkage between central bank liquidity and credit spreads and equities has weakened somewhat. It’s not disappeared entirely, but in equities especially, different factors have had an impact. Exuberance and excitement around AI are part of the story, King says, but there’s also ongoing support from fiscal policy and huge fiscal deficits, as well as the massive growth in repo to around a trillion dollars a year, which is becoming increasingly important.“It’s about how much money we’re creating and where that money is then going,” King argues. “I think that’s the main mistake investors have made. If you’ve tried to invest on the basis of your economic view, for over a decade, you’ve struggled, because the drivers here are markets first, and then the economy bringing up the rear.”

Dagmara Michalczuk, Co-CIO at Tetragon Credit Partners and expert in credit markets, dives into vital lessons from the bankruptcies of First Brands and Tricolor. She emphasizes the significance of governance in credit investing and highlights the risks of dealing with non-transparent firms. Michalczuk shares insights on the slow macroeconomic growth outlook and the critical role of AI in credit analysis. She warns about potential disruptions in various sectors and stresses the need for vigilant underwriting quality in a competitive landscape.

“There are lots of mixed signals out there,” says Chris Wright, president of Crescent Capital Group, on the latest episode of Credit Exchange with Lisa Lee. That’s creating uncertainty. “When we think about the investment environment, we approach it with caution.”On the bankruptcies of First Brands and Tricolor, Wright doesn’t see them as canaries in the coalmine or a tipping point in the economy. But they do show that due diligence matters. There were audit flags, governance failures, and opaque structures that sounded warning bells. “We have to be diligent in our work,” Wright notes.Crescent, a global credit manager with almost $50bn in AUM, recently launched a CLO ETF and has plans to introduce other product, Wright adds. While too early to say whether Crescent will start a European CLO management business, it’s “certainly something that is on our drawing board and we’re spending a lot of time thinking about and assessing,”, Wright says.

Bret Leas, co-head of asset-backed finance at Apollo Global Management, shares insights on the dynamic world of private credit. He foresees the market exceeding $40 trillion, spotlighting Europe as a significant opportunity due to its underinvested insurance and narrow banking systems. Leas emphasizes the importance of diligence, warning against rising leverage and weak documentation in both private and public markets. He also discusses the growing war for talent and the innovative uses of asset-based finance that keep emerging in today’s economy.

“The idea that default rates will go up over time is not particularly difficult to get to,” says Jake Pollack, head of global credit financing and North America credit trading at JPMorgan, on the latest Credit Exchange podcast with Lisa Lee. “The markets have been very sanguine, and it won’t be surprising if we see more defaults in the coming months and even years.”Corporate America is doing well, despite some headline-grabbing bankruptcies recently. But Pollack notes that spreads are very tight, which means there’s a lot of capital chasing opportunities. As recent bouts of volatility have demonstrated, it doesn’t take a lot for spreads to widen out.Pollack also tips trading in private credit to increase, especially if the definition of private credit is widened to incorporate private investment grade debt and structured notes. But trading in traditional direct lending loans is less likely to take off.This means that there will be certain areas where that illiquidity premium goes away as the market looks more like its public counterparts. There will be other areas that are not widely held, that can probably keep the spread premium because it’s simply much less tradable, Pollack says.

“Underneath is a lot of volatility. Companies are struggling. You’re seeing really wide dispersion,” says Greg Peters, co-chief investment officer at PGIM Fixed Income, on the latest episode of Credit Exchange with Lisa Lee. Companies, both public and private, are defaulting at a higher rate than you would expect given the macro backdrop.Investors have been too quick to dismiss the possibility of a return in inflation. Peters pegs the probability of the US economy overheating at 25%, and higher than the probability of a recession. The US has fiscal stimulus coming through, likely a more easy Fed, and together with deregulation and some other factors, there’s the real risk of overheating next year, he says. He adds there’s also a 10% probability of a productivity boost from AI.Markets are also struggling with the near-term effects versus the long-term, Peters notes. The case of France is what happens to a sovereign that’s overindebted, where the political system is called into question. “This is very much a canary in a coal mine,” he says.

“It’s a huge differentiator” to have dedicated and experienced personnel to deal with struggling borrowers, says Tim Lyne, CEO of private credit specialist Antares Capital, in the latest Credit Exchange podcast with Lisa Lee. Recent entrants, funds raised in the past five years, often do not.On the M&A front, Lyne doesn’t expect to see a great volume of M&A transactions this year, or indeed in the first quarter of next year. That’s because Antares’ volume on the new business side is average: “if it was going to be great, we would be seeing some of those deals come in the shop already,” he says.Private credit could have financed the $20bn of debt for Electronic Arts, but it would have been a stretch. But that will not necessarily be true for much longer, he observes. “If I fast-forward 3-5 years from now, I think $20[bn] will not be challenging.”There are also too many players, Lyne says, which is compressing fees. With more than $85bn in AUM, Antares has scale, and Lyne says the biggest private credit lenders will continue to get bigger. But for the players in the industry that are not of scale, “it’s going to be incredibly challenging for them to continue to grow over the next five years.”

“Existing investors are probably too long the dollar. They enjoy a very good ride. Valuations are expensive. It makes sense to take profit,” says Grégoire Pesques, CIO, global fixed income at Europe’s largest asset manager Amundi, in the latest Credit Exchange podcast with Lisa Lee.The US, UK, many Eurozone countries, Japan – all have been spending profusely, causing deficits to be a big issue almost everywhere. Describing the fiscal and macro landscape, Pesques details where Amundi, with €2.2 trillion in AUM, is investing. He is buying UK Gilts because the market hasn’t priced in the possibility that growth may slow, and the Bank of England then cuts interest rates.Germany is prepared to turn on the fiscal spending taps, yet will stay one of the safest countries in terms of debt-to-GDP ratios. “There will be a premium for the government that keeps some sort of orthodoxy and has a very strong balance sheet,” says Pesques. There are also pockets of emerging markets that are great investments right now, he adds.There is a big need for diversification away from the dollar and away from Treasuries. But it will take “ages”, he notes, and the rebalancing will be progressive.“It’s always better for a risk-adjusted return to have more diversification in your portfolio,” says Pesques.