Hello everyone, in this episode the wonderful and talented PhD Candidate Robin Reich guides us through the controversial term Convivencia, an inaccurate documentary called "The Ornament of the World" and then slowly turns us to Medieval Sicily and the complicated and fascinating society that grew out of Norman Sicily and especially under King Roger II of Sicily. From discussing the complications of classifying groups and looking into divisions within various factions the Medieval world as we know it begins to become even more complicated as these Normans blend the Islamic, Latin and Orthodox world. Check out Robin and her awesome work at these great sites! Blog: https://robinwrites.blog/ Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/redbirdwrites/ Twitter: https://twitter.com/RedBirdWrites Academia: https://columbia.academia.edu/RobinSReich?fbclid=IwAR2ysHg3TYZMVUOCX1vzyJXHsqeAsrDsO_Z3QVC3Bi4RU9XoI-lAlemyMP0 To support the channel, become a Patron and make history matter! Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/The_Study_of_Antiquity_and_the_Middle_Ages Donate directly to PayPal: https://paypal.me/NickBarksdale Enjoy history merchandise? Check out affiliate link to SPQR Emporium! http://spqr-emporium.com?aff=3 *Disclaimer, the link above is an affiliate link which means we will earn a generous commission from your magnificent purchase, just another way to help out the channel! Join our community!  Facebook Page: https://www.facebook.com/THESTUDYOFANTIQUITYANDTHEMIDDLEAGES/ Twitter: https://twitter.com/NickBarksdale Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/study_of_antiquity_middle_ages/ Facebook Group: https://www.facebook.com/groups/164050034145170/

In this presentation, I introduce Dr. Wolfram Grajetzki and a brief series we recorded on Court Officials and Administration in the Egyptian Middle Kingdom. In this lecture he takes us into his work as he discusses what we know, what we don't know and what we hope to find out about those who were the closest to the Pharaoh at the heart of the ancient Egyptian court. We discuss the complexities of his work, hieroglyphs, deciphering palace titles and so much more! This is episode one of a brief trilogy on Ancient Egyptian Government in the Egyptian Middle Kingdom.  Dr. Grajetzki is a German Egyptologist. He studied at Free University of Berlin and made his Doctor of Philosophy at the Humboldt University of Berlin.He performed excavations in Egypt, but also in Pakistan. He has published articles and several books on the Egyptian Middle Kingdom, on administration, burial customs and queens. I encourage you all to check out his publicly available works on Academia but also check out the link to his authors page on Amazon, he has written extensively and I can't suggest his works enough and he is truly an excellent scholar who took the time to come on the show and to educate us on the obscure and the fascinating subject of ancient Egypt and those who made it function and especially at the court of the Pharaoh! Follow Dr. Grajetzki and his work below! Academia : https://independent.academia.edu/WolframGrajetzki Amazon: https://www.amazon.com/Wolfram-Grajetzki/e/B001I7ME5I/ Song Attribution: "Sands of Mystery" Trey VanZandt (YouTube.com/c/treyvanzandt) Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0 License Footage Attribution: Image  credits:  kairoinfo4u : www.flickr.com/photos/manna4u Manna Nader, Gabana Studios Cairo Support this channel below!! Check out our newly opened store! https://teespring.com/stores/the-history-shop Get your face mask today! https://spqr-emporium.com/collections/face-masks?aff=3 Enjoy history merchandise? Check out affiliate link to SPQR Emporium! http://spqr-emporium.com?aff=3 To support the channel, become a Patron and make history matter! Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/The_Study_of_Antiquity_and_the_Middle_Ages Donate directly to PayPal: https://paypal.me/NickBarksdale *Disclaimer, the link above is an affiliate link which means we will earn a generous commission from your magnificent purchase, just another way to help out the channel! Join our community!  Facebook Page: https://www.facebook.com/THESTUDYOFANTIQUITYANDTHEMIDDLEAGES/ Twitter: https://twitter.com/NickBarksdale Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/study_of_antiquity_middle_ages/ Facebook Group: https://www.facebook.com/groups/164050034145170/

In this lecture Dr. Overtoom a phenomenal storyteller and lecturer takes us deep into the history of competition and political relations between the Roman and Parthian Empires and the centuries long rivalry that developed and how this rivalry had an effect upon the Roman psyche.  We explore vicious and unforgiving battlefields, Roman-Parthian Cold War throughout the Ancient Near East as two of the greatest empires in history struggle for control of the Middle East. Starting at the end of the Republic we follow this struggle for dominance to the near end of the Western Roman Empire and the birth of the Sasanian Empire. And even as the Western Empire was collapsing around them we see from the writings of the ancient Romans themselves that they longed to see a conquest fulfilled that in their mind would lead to the Roman dominance of the world. I truly loved this lecture and I was left in awe by the insightful knowledge and storytelling ability of Dr. Overtoom and I hope that you all do as well. Dr. Nikolaus Leo Overtoom is the Assistant Professor in Ancient History at Washington State University. He has published ten articles and two book chapters on subjects such as the image of Alexander the Great, ancient imperialism and propaganda, ancient international relations, ancient militarism, and Parthian interactions with the Greeks and Romans. His current scholarship focuses on the rivalry of the Parthians with their Greek, Persian, and Roman neighbors in the Hellenistic period. Oxford University Press is publishing his monograph, Reign of Arrows: The Rise of the Parthian Empire in the Hellenistic Middle East, in May 2020. Get his awesome book that I also purchased here! Reign of Arrows: The Rise of the Parthian Empire in the Hellenistic Middle East. Link below! https://global.oup.com/academic/product/reign-of-arrows-9780190888329?cc=us&lang=en& Coupon Code: AAFLYG6 Academia Profile: https://wsu.academia.edu/NikolausOvertoom To support the channel, become a Patron and make history matter! Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/The_Study_of_Antiquity_and_the_Middle_Ages Donate directly to PayPal: https://paypal.me/NickBarksdale Enjoy history merchandise? Check out affiliate link to SPQR Emporium! http://spqr-emporium.com?aff=3 *Disclaimer, the link above is an affiliate link which means we will earn a generous commission from your magnificent purchase, just another way to help out the channel! Join our community!  Facebook:https://www.facebook.com/THESTUDYOFANTIQUITYANDTHEMIDDLEAGES/ Twitter: https://twitter.com/NickBarksdale Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/study_of_antiquity_middle_ages/ Facebook Group: https://www.facebook.com/groups/164050034145170/

Welcome to lecture two of the series A Very Brief History of the Crusades, 1095-1291!  This episode is taught by Dr. Andrew Latham and he carefully, quickly and thoroughly guides us through the Crusades in the Holy Land. He guides us through the various phases of the crusades and the back and forth struggle for control of the Holy Land. What I also enjoyed was the framing foundation he sets for these conflicts. From complications, to overviews, failures and success, we are taken on a series of conflicts that would forever shape the world that we have today.   Support Dr. Latham and his work by checking out the links below and if possible support him with your patronage and purchase one or more of his books! Academia : https://macalester.academia.edu/AndrewLatham Website: https://andrewlatham.academia.edu/ His career: https://andrewlatham.academia.edu/cv Get his books here!  The Holy Lance:  https://www.amazon.com/Andrew-Latham-ebook/dp/B07DZ4TGR2 Theorizing Medieval Geopolitics: War and World Order in the Age of the Crusades (Routledge Research in Medieval Studies) https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B007JL1RS2

Welcome to lecture one of the series A Very Brief History of the Crusades, 1095-1291!  This episode is taught by Dr. Andrew Latham and he carefully and thoroughly guides us through the background of the Crusades and how Holy War and Crusading was created in the Medieval World in "Western Christendom." We begin with the Plague of Justinian and the stagnation of the Byzantine and Persian Empire which allowed the Arabian Armies of Islam to burst out and expand across the Middle East, into Africa and Europe. We explore the creation and concept of Crusading and Holy War in "Latin Christendom," and the complexity and nature of these terms. We see the evolution of the idea of Crusading and Holy War as it changed and adapts to be used within Christendom itself when dealing with various heresies and heretical groups and we use the term heretic very much in a historical context rather than a modern view. We also see the concept expand to cover missionary expansion in the Baltic's but what is even more interesting is how we see how different these Crusades were by region and how they differed from each other whether it was in Northern / Eastern Europe, Iberia, the Middle East and Southern France. I loved this and I hope you all enjoy it as well.  Support Dr. Latham and his work by checking out the links below and if possible support him with your patronage and purchase one or more of his books! Academia : https://macalester.academia.edu/AndrewLatham Website: https://andrewlatham.academia.edu/ His career: https://andrewlatham.academia.edu/cv Get his books here!  The Holy Lance:  https://www.amazon.com/Andrew-Latham-ebook/dp/B07DZ4TGR2 Theorizing Medieval Geopolitics: War and World Order in the Age of the Crusades (Routledge Research in Medieval Studies) https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B007JL1RS2

Welcome to another episode of "History Today" where we bring you news relating to history and archaeology that is changing how we view the past. Recently Irish Central published an article titled "Ancient bones reveal the Irish are not Celts after all.'' The article deals with a  discovery in 2016 in the Irish County of Antrim and  could completely alter the perception that Irish people are descended from Celts.  We discuss the article, what the experts are saying and lastly I give my thoughts as well. I think it is important to remember the dangers of misconstruing Ancient DNA Studies to generalize untold numbers and populations of peoples and if we are not careful, we can contaminate an already complicated past. I also wanted to note that I have always associated the term "Celtic" with language and material culture rather than term dealing with genetics and centuries of scholarship has had a similar stance and so, I feel that we need to be careful when using "Celtic" as a reference to DNA which could exclude other peoples who share in the material culture and language in the Celtic world. To my dear subscribers, thank you all. You have my love and appreciation.  Support the channel below! Celebrate the birthplace of civilization and get our Sumerian Shirt | Hoodie | Coffee Mug today! CLOTHES: https://teespring.com/Sumerian-Clothing?pid=212&cid=5818 COFFEE MUGS: https://teespring.com/sumerian-coffee-mug?pid=658&cid=102908 Check out our new store! https://teespring.com/stores/the-history-shop Get your Sea Peoples | Late Bronze Age Merch below! Mugs: https://teespring.com/new-sea-peoples-mediterranean?pid=658&cid=102950 Hoodies | Shirts | Tank Tops: https://teespring.com/get-sea-peoples-mediterranean?pid=212&cid=5819 Get your Hittite Merch below! Mugs: https://teespring.com/HittiteEmpireMug?pid=658&cid=102950&sid=front Shirts | Tank Tops | Hoodies: https://teespring.com/hittite-empire-shirt?pid=2&cid=2397 Trojan War Merch Below! Mugs: https://teespring.com/trojan-war-coffee-mug?pid=658&cid=102950 Tank Tops | Shirts | Hoodies: https://teespring.com/TrojanWarShirt?pid=2&cid=2397 To support the channel, become a Patron and make history matter! Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/The_Study_of_Antiquity_and_the_Middle_Ages Donate directly to PayPal: https://paypal.me/NickBarksdale Enjoy history merchandise? Check out affiliate link to SPQR Emporium! http://spqr-emporium.com?aff=3 *Disclaimer, the link above is an affiliate link which means we will earn a generous commission from your magnificent purchase, just another way to help out the channel! Join our community!  Facebook Page: https://www.facebook.com/THESTUDYOFANTIQUITYANDTHEMIDDLEAGES/ Twitter: https://twitter.com/NickBarksdale Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/study_of_antiquity_middle_ages/ Facebook Group: https://www.facebook.com/groups/164050034145170/ Link to original article: Ancient bones reveal Irish are not Celts after all https://www.irishcentral.com/roots/history/ancient-bones-irish-celts

A small maritime region, Phoenicia lay on the Eastern Mediterranean coast.  The Phoenicians, who were Semites, emerged as a distinct Canaanite group around 3200 B.C. Hemmed in by the Lebanon Mountains, their first cities were Byblos, Sidon, Tyre, and Aradus. Scholars agree that there are two sources of the Western tradition: Judeo-Christian doctrine and ancient Greek intellectualism. More generally, there is recognition that Western civilization is largely built atop the Near Eastern civilizations of Mesopotamia and Egypt.  A basic question arises, however, as to which ancient people specifically prepared the way for the West to develop. While early Aegean cultures are often viewed as the mainspring, assessment of the growing literature reveals that the city-states of Phoenicia stimulated (Bronze Age) and fostered (Iron Age) Western civilization. Phoenicia, the principal axis of Eastern influence, sent forth pioneering seafarers, skilled engineers, gifted artisans, and the master entrepreneurs of antiquity. Through a peaceful, long-distance exchange network of goods and ideas, they influenced the trade, communication, and civilizational development of the Mediterranean basin.  The height of Phoenician shipping, mercantile, and cultural activity was during the Greek early Archaic period, especially the Orientalizing phase, c. 750-650 B.C., which appears to have laid the foundations for fifth century B.C., classical Greece. Phoenician mercantilism also prompted European state formation in the Aegean, Italy, and Spain. Rome would succeed Greece and Carthage. Finally, Roman Carthage promoted Latin Christianity.  Educational Resourced Below~ The Phoenicians and the Formation of the Western World ~ Dr. John C. Scot https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2047&context=ccr The Mission of the University: Medieval to Postmodern Transformations https://www.academia.edu/21632006/The_Mission_of_the_University_Medieval_to_Postmodern_Transformations The Chautauqua Movement: Revolution in Popular Higher Education https://www.academia.edu/23844374/The_Chautauqua_Movement_Revolution_in_Popular_Higher_Education Purchase his awesome book, The Influence of the Medieval University on the Latin Church and Secular Government Politics: From the Later Middle Ages to Early Modern Times, ISBN: 978-0773498365. Dr. Scott is so kind and so very generous that he gave me a copy that had sentimental value, and I honestly can't recommend it enough, a wonderful work of history and education.  Academia Profile of Dr. Scott. https://independent.academia.edu/JohnScott47 Attribution: Scott, John C. (2018) "The Phoenicians and the Formation of the Western World," Comparative Civilizations Review: Vol. 78 : No. 78 , Article 4. Available at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/ccr/vol78/iss78/4

Thousands of rock art pictures depicting huge Ice Age creatures such as mastodons have been revealed by researchers in the Amazon rainforest. The paintings were probably made around 11,800 to 12,600 years ago, according to a press release from researchers at Britain's University of Exeter. The paintings are set over three different rock shelters, with the largest, known as Cerro Azul, home to 12 panels and thousands of individual pictographs. Located in the Serranía La Lindosa in modern-day Colombia, the rock art shows how the earliest human inhabitants of the area would have coexisted with Ice Age megafauna, with pictures showing what appear to be giant sloths, mastodons, camelids, horses and three-toed ungulates with trunks. "These really are incredible images, produced by the earliest people to live in western Amazonia," said Mark Robinson, an archaeologist at the University of Exeter. "The paintings give a vivid and exciting glimpse in to the lives of these communities. It is unbelievable to us today to think they lived among, and hunted, giant herbivores, some which were the size of a small car." Description taken from the original article. Attribution:    Spectacular eight-mile frieze of Ice Age beasts found in Amazon rainforest  https://www.cnn.com/style/article/amazon-rainforest-ice-age-paintings-scli-intl/index.html  Sprawling 8-mile-long 'canvas' of ice age beasts discovered hidden in Amazon rainforest  https://www.livescience.com/ice-age-rock-art-amazon.html

Alashiya, also spelled Alasiya, also known as the Kingdom of Alashiya, was a state which existed in the Middle and Late Bronze Ages, and was situated somewhere in the Eastern Mediterranean. It was a major source of goods, especially copper, for ancient Egypt and other states in the Ancient Near East. It is referred to in a number of the surviving texts and is now thought to be the ancient name of Cyprus, or an area of Cyprus. This was confirmed by the scientific analysis performed in the Tel Aviv University of the clay tablets which were sent from Alashiya to other rulers. Check out the awesome work of Dr. Hitchcock at these links below! Academia profile where you can access her work that is free to the public. https://unimelb.academia.edu/LouiseHitchcock Get her books here! Aegean Art and Architecture: https://global.oup.com/ukhe/product/aegean-art-and-architecture-9780192842084?cc=au&lang=en& Minoan Architecture: A Contextual Analysis: http://www.astromeditions.com/books/book/?artno=PB155 Theory for Classics: https://www.routledge.com/Theory-for-Classics-A-Students-Guide-1st-Edition/Hitchcock/p/book/9780203932919 DAIS: The Aegean Feast https://www.peeters-leuven.be/detail.php?search_key=9789042924277&series_number_str=29 Follow her on Twitter : https://twitter.com/ashlarblocks

In this video we briefly discuss the Bronze Age Collapse and none other than Mycenaean Greece and what contributed to the Greek Dark Ages. Did the Sea Peoples invade? Was there an internal rebellion like a peasant revolt? Drought, Earthquakes and Famine? We cover a variety of topics which also includes debunking the Dorian Invasion. We also take a look at migrations and depopulation's of major centers as populations moved elsewhere during this calamity. Get out Hittite Coffee Mug Here! https://teespring.com/HittiteEmpireMug Support Dr. Eric Cline at the links below! Personal web page: https://ehcline.com Get all of his books here at his Amazon Author page: https://www.amazon.com/s?i=stripbooks&rh=p_27%3AEric+H.+Cline&s=relevancerank&text=Eric+H.+Cline&ref=dp_byline_sr_book_1 GW pages: https://cnelc.columbian.gwu.edu/eric-h-cline https://anthropology.columbian.gwu.edu/eric-h-cline https://gwu.academia.edu/EricCline Check out his lectures on the Great Courses! They are superb. https://www.thegreatcourses.com/professors/eric-cline/ Audio Book Formats of his work on audible. https://www.amazon.com/s?k=Eric+Cline&i=audible&ref=nb_sb_noss_2 Dr. Cline on the Modern Scholar: History of Ancient Greece https://www.amazon.com/Modern-Scholar-History-Ancient-Greece/dp/B001EI3IW4 Archaeology and the Iliad: The Trojan War in Homer and History  https://www.amazon.com/dp/B001EI3IVU?pLink=3b78743c-eb66-41&ref=adblp13nvvxx_0_1_ti The History of Ancient Israel: From the Patriarchs Through the Romans https://www.amazon.com/dp/B001JHT8CY?pLink=95b43e3f-f425-41&ref=adblp13nvvxx_0_1_ti