The Study of Antiquity and the Middle Ages

In this episode titled "Piracy in the Bronze Age Collapse" we are joined by none other than Dr. Louise Hitchcock and Dr. Aren Maeir! Together they guide us into an obscure but important aspect of not just the Late Bronze Age but of the Bronze Age Collapse itself and that is the subject of piracy. Are the Sea Peoples merely pirates or is it more complicated? What does archaeology tell us about piracy in the Late Bronze Age? Were there pirate kings and pirate kingdoms? Do we have primary sources on piracy in the Late Bronze Age? Can the Iliad and the Odyssey be taken as a historical source and do these works reflect Bronze Age piracy? Why were the Sea Peoples easily defeated in open battle?  These are just a few of the subjects that we attack in this fun episode on the Sea Peoples, Piracy and the Bronze Age Collapse. Celebrate the birthplace of civilization and get our Sumerian Shirt | Hoodie | Coffee Mug today! CLOTHES: https://teespring.com/Sumerian-Clothing?pid=212&cid=5818 COFFEE MUGS: https://teespring.com/sumerian-coffee-mug?pid=658&cid=102908 Check out our new store! https://teespring.com/stores/the-history-shop Get your Sea Peoples | Late Bronze Age Merch below! Mugs: https://teespring.com/new-sea-peoples-mediterranean?pid=658&cid=102950 Hoodies | Shirts | Tank Tops: https://teespring.com/get-sea-peoples-mediterranean?pid=212&cid=5819 Get your Hittite Merch below! Mugs: https://teespring.com/HittiteEmpireMug?pid=658&cid=102950&sid=front Shirts | Tank Tops | Hoodies: https://teespring.com/hittite-empire-shirt?pid=2&cid=2397 Trojan War Merch Below! Mugs: https://teespring.com/trojan-war-coffee-mug?pid=658&cid=102950 Tank Tops | Shirts | Hoodies: https://teespring.com/TrojanWarShirt?pid=2&cid=2397 Donate directly to PayPal: https://paypal.me/NickBarksdale Check out the awesome work of Dr. Hitchcock at these links below! Academia profile where you can access her work that is free to the public. https://unimelb.academia.edu/LouiseHitchcock Get her books here! Aegean Art and Architecture: https://global.oup.com/ukhe/product/aegean-art-and-architecture-9780192842084?cc=au&lang=en& Minoan Architecture: A Contextual Analysis: http://www.astromeditions.com/books/book/?artno=PB155 Theory for Classics: https://www.routledge.com/Theory-for-Classics-A-Students-Guide-1st-Edition/Hitchcock/p/book/9780203932919 DAIS: The Aegean Feast https://www.peeters-leuven.be/detail.php?search_key=9789042924277&series_number_str=29 Follow her on Twitter : https://twitter.com/ashlarblocks Support Dr. Maeir and his work at these links! Academia : https://biu.academia.edu/AMaeir YouTube Channel : https://www.youtube.com/user/arenmaeir The Tell es-Safi/Gath Archaeological Project Official (and Unofficial) Weblog : https://gath.wordpress.com/

In this episode the superb scholars Dr. Amy Kaufman and Dr. Paul Sturtevant quickly walk us through the myth of the Dark Ages created by Late Medieval Humanists in the height of the Italian Renaissance who hated the idea of the Early Middle Ages. We talk about a variety of viewpoints and inaccurate ideas and images of the medieval world and how there was more of a continuity from the Roman Empire and the Medieval World into the Renaissance. We also talk about the contributions of great Islamic Medieval Civilizations that are oftentimes overlooked or ignored. To support these awesome scholars please check out the links below and buy a copy of their book!  To buy a copy go here: https://utorontopress.com/ca/the-devil-x2019-s-historians-2 Dr. Paul Sturtevant. Website: www.paulsturtevant.com Academia: https://si.academia.edu/PaulSturtevant  His first book "The Middle Ages in Popular Imagination: Memory, Film, and Medievalism", which lays out a study he did of what people "know" about the Middle Ages, and how they learn about it (especially through consuming pop culture). https://www.amazon.com/Middle-Ages-Popular-Imagination-Medievalism-dp-1350124907/dp/1350124907/ref=mt_other?_encoding=UTF8&me=&qid= The "Race, Racism and the Middle Ages" series at The Public Medievalist: https://www.publicmedievalist.com/race-racism-middle-ages-toc/ Check out The Public Medievalist here: https://www.publicmedievalist.com Dr. Amy Kaufman Website: https://www.amyskaufman.com/ The Devils Historians Website: https://www.devilshistorians.com/ An article she did involving ISIS, Terrorism and History. https://www.publicmedievalist.com/dark-revivals-medievalism-isis/ https://www.publicmedievalist.com/dark-revivals-medievalism-isis/ Academia: https://independent.academia.edu/KaufmanAmy

In this episode the passionate scholars Dr. Sturtevant and Dr. Kaufman superbly and necessarily take on one of the most propagandized, mythic and misconstrued topics in Medieval history known as the Reconquista also known as the Spanish / Portuguese Reconquest of Medieval Iberia. Today a variety of extremists and amateur historians use this concept as a long enduring struggle between "Indigenous Christians" and "Foreign Muslims" in which after hundreds of years Christianity triumphed and most of Iberia was united.........  As appealing as this narrative may seem to many people, it is simply false.  Yes, there was a Muslim conquest of Iberia in 711 and yes, there was a Christian conquest of al-Andalus which ended in 1492, but aside from these basic facts, the “Reconquista” narrative is far too simplistic, overlooks key aspects of the political and cultural history of medieval Iberia, and is largely a historiographical construction that gained currency during the early years of the Spanish empire in the fifteenth and sixteenth century. Obviously, there is a lot more that needs to be said on this issue, but this is not the place. It is merely important to underscore that this paradigm is very problematic. Description above by the academic Ballandalus website. What this heavily mythicized history leaves out is that it is not black and white... it isn't US V. THEM..... It was complicated with Christian and Muslim Kings striking fluid alliances with each other for individual dominance and gain, hybrid cultures such as Arabic speaking Christians, and soldiers of differing faiths fighting along side each other against those of whom shared the same faith... and in a world of constant change we also have minorities like the Jewish communities attempting to make their way in an often calm environment interrupted by brief occurrences of upheaval. Iberian history is complicated, all history is complicated but that is the beauty of history and complicated society.  To support these awesome scholars please check out the links below and buy a copy of their book!  To buy a copy go here: https://utorontopress.com/ca/the-devil-x2019-s-historians-2 Dr. Paul Sturtevant. Website: www.paulsturtevant.com Academia: https://si.academia.edu/PaulSturtevant  His first book "The Middle Ages in Popular Imagination: Memory, Film, and Medievalism", which lays out a study he did of what people "know" about the Middle Ages, and how they learn about it (especially through consuming pop culture). https://www.amazon.com/Middle-Ages-Popular-Imagination-Medievalism-dp-1350124907/dp/1350124907/ref=mt_other?_encoding=UTF8&me=&qid= The "Race, Racism and the Middle Ages" series at The Public Medievalist: https://www.publicmedievalist.com/race-racism-middle-ages-toc/ Check out The Public Medievalist here: https://www.publicmedievalist.com Dr. Amy Kaufman Website: https://www.amyskaufman.com/ The Devils Historians Website: https://www.devilshistorians.com/ An article she did involving ISIS, Terrorism and History. https://www.publicmedievalist.com/dark-revivals-medievalism-isis/ https://www.publicmedievalist.com/dark-revivals-medievalism-isis/ Academia: https://independent.academia.edu/KaufmanAmy

In this presentation the superb scholars Dr. Sturtevant and Dr. Kaufman guide us into a ferocious and heatedly discussed topic and that is the concept of "race and racism in the medieval world." Was Medieval Europe purely a "white space?" Did racism exist in the Middle Ages?  Are there examples of racial prejudice in Medieval literature? Are people of color seen in medieval writings? Did skin color and religion such share a connection? Are people of color seen in medieval Christianity?  From discussing Black Saints and travel in the Middle Ages and the interconnectedness of the Medieval world we see a complicated history representing complicated societies, peoples and interactions. To support these awesome scholars please check out the links below and buy a copy of their book!  To buy a copy go here: https://utorontopress.com/ca/the-devil-x2019-s-historians-2 Dr. Paul Sturtevant. Website: www.paulsturtevant.com Academia: https://si.academia.edu/PaulSturtevant  His first book "The Middle Ages in Popular Imagination: Memory, Film, and Medievalism", which lays out a study he did of what people "know" about the Middle Ages, and how they learn about it (especially through consuming pop culture). https://www.amazon.com/Middle-Ages-Popular-Imagination-Medievalism-dp-1350124907/dp/1350124907/ref=mt_other?_encoding=UTF8&me=&qid= The "Race, Racism and the Middle Ages" series at The Public Medievalist: https://www.publicmedievalist.com/race-racism-middle-ages-toc/ Check out The Public Medievalist here: https://www.publicmedievalist.com Dr. Amy Kaufman Website: https://www.amyskaufman.com/ The Devils Historians Website: https://www.devilshistorians.com/ An article she did involving ISIS, Terrorism and History. https://www.publicmedievalist.com/dark-revivals-medievalism-isis/ https://www.publicmedievalist.com/dark-revivals-medievalism-isis/ Academia: https://independent.academia.edu/KaufmanAmy

Doctor Amy S. Kaufman and Doctor Paul B. Sturtevant examine the many ways in which the medieval past has been manipulated to promote discrimination, oppression, and murder.  Tracing the fetish for “medieval times” behind toxic ideologies like nationalism, antisemitism, Islamophobia, misogyny, and white supremacy, Kaufman and Sturtevant show us how the Middle Ages have been twisted for political purposes in every century that followed.  The Devil’s Historians casts aside the myth of an oppressive, patriarchal medieval monoculture and reveals a medieval world not often shown in popular culture: one that is diverse, thriving, courageous, compelling, and complex. To support these awesome scholars please check out the links below and buy a copy of their book!  To buy a copy go here: https://utorontopress.com/ca/the-devil-x2019-s-historians-2 Dr. Paul Sturtevant. Website: www.paulsturtevant.com Academia: https://si.academia.edu/PaulSturtevant  His first book "The Middle Ages in Popular Imagination: Memory, Film, and Medievalism", which lays out a study he did of what people "know" about the Middle Ages, and how they learn about it (especially through consuming pop culture). https://www.amazon.com/Middle-Ages-Popular-Imagination-Medievalism-dp-1350124907/dp/1350124907/ref=mt_other?_encoding=UTF8&me=&qid= The "Race, Racism and the Middle Ages" series at The Public Medievalist: https://www.publicmedievalist.com/race-racism-middle-ages-toc/ Check out The Public Medievalist here: https://www.publicmedievalist.com Dr. Amy Kaufman Website: https://www.amyskaufman.com/ The Devils Historians Website: https://www.devilshistorians.com/ An article she did involving ISIS, Terrorism and History. https://www.publicmedievalist.com/dark-revivals-medievalism-isis/ https://www.publicmedievalist.com/dark-revivals-medievalism-isis/ Academia: https://independent.academia.edu/KaufmanAmy

In this episode I host a variety of experts on a variety of topics that dive into the riots and insurrection that occurred in Washington D.C. as extremists attempted to attack the foundation of our government and overturn a legal presidential election. This episode touches on a variety of points including: Historical parallels with Nazi Germany, Mussolini's Italy and the 1934 crisis of France. The evolution of modern extremists groups as they attempt to co-opt other conservative banners, flags and images while moving away from controversial hate symbols such as the swastika which can be a turn off to patriotic conservatives. Populism and conspiracy theories from the Bronze Age to our present day and attempts by modern politicians to pretend to be populists, manipulate their followers while very much being globalists. The holocaust and modern antisemitism as it manifested itself at these riots and attacks on our federal government. And the parallels that we are seeing with not just the Third Reich as the fringe becomes mainstream but the problems surrounding entertainment news and media who in many ways are going down the path of public broadcasting that we saw leading up to the genocide in Rwanda. The appropriation, misuse, abuse and misunderstanding of Spartan, Viking / Norse History and Native American History / Culture and how it manifested itself in D.C during the protests and criminal actions that took place. Finally we hear from a Republican politician who stresses the vitality of people learning to fact check what they hear, and to not fall for fringe media antics and fake news such as mass voter fraud and a stolen election. Lastly he notes and points out that the Republican Party must reclaim itself and force out these radical groups and figures that have managed to infiltrate the Republican Party and that Republicans must learn to work with the Democratic Party for the betterment of the U.S.A. Lastly we praise Officer Eugene Goodman who stood against an angry mob alone and lead them astray allowing people to escape and regroup thus doing his job to protect the American Republic.  And finally we condemn these events and call them what the were which was terrorism and an attack on the very foundation of what we are as a nation, and I encourage you all to contact the F.B.I if you have information on the criminals who attempted to destroy what we are as a people and a nation while including pictures at the end of this episode of people of intertest who are being looked for by the authorities. Current Case Photos of People of Interest: https://www.fbi.gov/wanted/capitol-violence FBI Tip Line: https://tips.fbi.gov/digitalmedia/aad18481a3e8f02 Support our expert guests below! Dr. Bradley Hart: http://bradleywhart.com/ Dr. Louise Hitchcock: https://unimelb.academia.edu/LouiseHitchcock Dr. Craig Coenen Dr. Rebecca Futo Kennedy: https://rfkclassics.blogspot.com/ Dr. Paul Sturtevant: https://www.paulsturtevant.com/ Councilman Nathan Sholund: https://www.facebook.com/SholundWard6/ Images are from google images. Video footage is from Internet Archive: https://archive.org/details/january-6-protest-videos/Trump+protest+Jan+06+2021/Dlive/BakedAlaska/TRUMP+RALLY+DC+%C2%B7+DLive+-+SljsHoaGR.mp4 Music attribution: Track: Suspense Scary Music Music composed and recorded by Oak Studios Creative Commons - Attribution ND 4.0 https://youtu.be/tJkQs5xEhPU

This episode is based off of the paper Indo-Europeanization in the Mediterranean by Dr. Fred Woudhuizen. In this presentation Dr. Woudhuizen patiently guides to the origins of the Indo European migrations and the impacts they had in the Ancient Mediterranean and Anatolia. We discuss some questions that are not satisfied by simple answers such as what languages existed among indigenous populations before the arrival of Indo Europeans. Dialectal Tendencies in Indo-European Language. What they brought to the playing field such as technology, language, writing systems and the tank of the ancient world touching on the dispersal of Chariot-warfare, Circa. 1720-1650 B.C. We also discuss Northern immigrants and migrations into Greece, Anatolia and the Levant. How important was the horse in Indo European religions and cultures? The earliest Indo Europeans in Anatolia. Trifunctional Religious Ideology among Indo-European Population Groups of the3rd and 2nd Millennia BC and then we speculate as to why Indo European groups expanded their pantheon of deities from a typical three to in some cases hundreds if not thousands of gods and goddesses.  Lastly, we discuss the legacy of the Indo Europeans and what Dr. Woudhuizen has learned about them and what has stood out the most throughout his years of research. Link to original article "Indo-Europeanization in the Mediterranean, with particular attention to the fragmentary languages." https://www.academia.edu/43084168/Indo_Europeanization_in_the_Mediterranean_with_particular_attention_to_the_fragmentary_languages Support the awesome Dr. Woudhuizen and his work here: https://independent.academia.edu/FredWoudhuizen Purchase his scholarly publications here: https://www.amazon.com/s?i=stripbooks&rh=p_27%3AFred+Woudhuizen&s=relevancerank&text=Fred+Woudhuizen&ref=dp_byline_sr_book_1 Check out our new store! https://teespring.com/stores/the-history-shop Get your Sea Peoples | Late Bronze Age Merch below! Mugs: https://teespring.com/new-sea-peoples-mediterranean?pid=658&cid=102950 Hoodies | Shirts | Tank Tops: https://teespring.com/get-sea-peoples-mediterranean?pid=212&cid=5819 Get your Hittite Merch below!  Mugs: https://teespring.com/HittiteEmpireMug?pid=658&cid=102950&sid=front   Shirts | Tank Tops | Hoodies: https://teespring.com/hittite-empire-shirt?pid=2&cid=2397     Trojan War Merch Below!  Mugs: https://teespring.com/trojan-war-coffee-mug?pid=658&cid=102950   Tank Tops | Shirts | Hoodies: https://teespring.com/TrojanWarShirt?pid=2&cid=2397 To support the channel, become a Patron and make history matter! Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/The_Study_of_Antiquity_and_the_Middle_Ages Donate directly to PayPal: https://paypal.me/NickBarksdale Check out our newly opened store! https://teespring.com/stores/the-history-shop

mtDNA from the Early Bronze Age to the Roman Period Suggests a Genetic Link between the Indian Subcontinent and Mesopotamian Cradle of Civilization.  Ancient Mesopotamia (from the Greek meaning “between two rivers”) comprised the region watered by the Tigris and the Euphrates and contained at different times the ancient civilizations of the Sumer, the Akkadian, the Babylonian, and the Assyrian empires dating from 6,500 years ago till about 2,500 years ago.  But new genetic research on dental remains (teeth) of four individuals who lived between 4,500 years ago to 1,600 years ago shows genetic linkages  – which are not present in current populations – with peoples from Tibet, the Himalayas, India and Pakistan.  A second paper  studied “fifty-nine dental non-metric traits on a sample of teeth from 350 human skeletons excavated at three sites in the lower middle Euphrates valley. This showed a stable population until after the Mongolian invasion which resulted in a large depopulation of northern Mesopotamia in the 13th century CE. The final major change occurred during the 17th century with Bedouin tribes arriving from the Arabian Peninsula.”     Article References:  Ancient Mesopotamia had genetic links to the Indian sub-continent  https://6000generations.wordpress.com/2013/09/29/ancient-mesopotamia-had-genetic-links-to-the-indian-sub-continent/  mtDNA from the Early Bronze Age to the Roman Period Suggests a Genetic Link between the Indian Subcontinent and Mesopotamian Cradle of Civilization  https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0073682  Tamil Merchant in Ancient Mesopotamia  https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0109331#:~:text=Recent%20analyses%20of%20ancient%20Mesopotamian,origin%20of%20the%20ancient%20Mesopotamians   To my dear subscribers, thank you all. You have my love and appreciation.    Support the channel below! Celebrate the birthplace of civilization and get our Sumerian Shirt | Hoodie | Coffee Mug today! CLOTHES:  https://teespring.com/Sumerian-Clothing?pid=212&cid=5818   COFFEE MUGS: https://teespring.com/sumerian-coffee-mug?pid=658&cid=102908  Check out our new store! https://teespring.com/stores/the-history-shop  Get your Sea Peoples | Late Bronze Age Merch below!   Mugs: https://teespring.com/new-sea-peoples-mediterranean?pid=658&cid=102950  Hoodies | Shirts | Tank Tops: https://teespring.com/get-sea-peoples-mediterranean?pid=212&cid=5819    Get your Hittite Merch below!  Mugs: https://teespring.com/HittiteEmpireMug?pid=658&cid=102950&sid=front  Shirts | Tank Tops | Hoodies: https://teespring.com/hittite-empire-shirt?pid=2&cid=2397    Trojan War Merch Below!  Mugs: https://teespring.com/trojan-war-coffee-mug?pid=658&cid=102950  Tank Tops | Shirts | Hoodies: https://teespring.com/TrojanWarShirt?pid=2&cid=2397  To support the channel, become a Patron and make history matter!  Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/The_Study_of_Antiquity_and_the_Middle_Ages  Donate directly to PayPal: https://paypal.me/NickBarksdale  Join our community!   Facebook Page: https://www.facebook.com/THESTUDYOFANTIQUITYANDTHEMIDDLEAGES/  Twitter: https://twitter.com/NickBarksdale  Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/study_of_antiquity_middle_ages/  Facebook Group: https://www.facebook.com/groups/164050034145170/

In this latest video on our series dealing with ancient history and ancient DNA I am joined by a very special guest Adam Myrie from HAMAA which is the Historical African Martial Arts Association. We tackle an extremely controversial topic and that is the origin of not just ancient Egyptian civilization but of the ancient Egyptians themselves. From the Predynastic to the coming of the Romans we explore a variety of topics including: Population movements from Nubia and what will become the Sahara dessert, backflow from the Middle East and especially Canaan. Nubian A and C group developments throughout Egypt. Nilotic cultures and indigenous Nile populations. Problems with bad reporting and issues with modern DNA studies. The use and abuse of misinterpreted DNA studies. Color symbolism in Egyptian art. And how the ancient Egyptians viewed identity and Egyptianness in the ancient world and what made an Egyptian an Egyptian. From foreign population movements to material culture, art, DNA studies and so much more we attempt to cover as much as we can in order to set the record straight about one of the greatest civilizations in history and those who created it.  Check out HAMAA and their awesome work at these outlets! YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC2AdDHTxTH9hzchUqxVeI1A Facebook Page: https://www.facebook.com/HAMAAssociation Website: https://hamaassociation.wordpress.com/?fbclid=IwAR07xiMsOEJnIfN1UBdIyVwN4z-EBMk4x9FLiEwqh-zs37-Ra8PczV0dL9w Facebook Group: https://www.facebook.com/groups/1559419451037192 Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/hama_association/ Check out our new store! https://teespring.com/stores/the-history-shop Get your Sea Peoples | Late Bronze Age Merch below! Mugs: https://teespring.com/new-sea-peoples-mediterranean?pid=658&cid=102950 Hoodies | Shirts | Tank Tops: https://teespring.com/get-sea-peoples-mediterranean?pid=212&cid=5819 Get your Hittite Merch below! Mugs: https://teespring.com/HittiteEmpireMug?pid=658&cid=102950&sid=front Shirts | Tank Tops | Hoodies: https://teespring.com/hittite-empire-shirt?pid=2&cid=2397 Trojan War Merch Below! Mugs: https://teespring.com/trojan-war-coffee-mug?pid=658&cid=102950 Tank Tops | Shirts | Hoodies: https://teespring.com/TrojanWarShirt?pid=2&cid=2397 To support the channel, become a Patron and make history matter! Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/The_Study_of_Antiquity_and_the_Middle_Ages Donate directly to PayPal: https://paypal.me/NickBarksdale Enjoy history merchandise? Check out affiliate link to SPQR Emporium! http://spqr-emporium.com?aff=3 *Disclaimer, the link above is an affiliate link which means we will earn a generous commission from your magnificent purchase, just another way to help out the channel! Join our community!  Facebook Page: https://www.facebook.com/THESTUDYOFANTIQUITYANDTHEMIDDLEAGES/ Twitter: https://twitter.com/NickBarksdale Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/study_of_antiquity_middle_ages/ Facebook Group: https://www.facebook.com/groups/164050034145170/ Art Attribution: kairoinfo4u https://www.flickr.com/people/manna4u/ Music Attribution: Pawl.D Beats Sounds of the Nile.

In this video the legendary Sumerian enthusiast Christopher Cressey takes us into our upcoming series on the Origins of Sumerians and the history of Ancient Mesopotamia. This is merely part one of a fantastic series that we have coming your way. From discussing the Ubaid peoples and the eventual coming and development of Sumerian Civilization he guides us into a wonderful and obscure history. From discussing the invention of writing as a foundation of Sumerian civilization we also explore conflicts over water and how these peoples tried to centralize power around these revolutionary canals. We discuss the Sumerian world, their mindset and how they viewed everything around them. Christopher covers their language, words and different ways they were used, accounting and so very much more. Join his awesome Facebook Group here: https://www.facebook.com/groups/104780822892195 Get his book Anointed: A Devotional Anthology for the Deities of the Near and Middle East here:  https://neosalexandria.org/bibliotheca-alexandrina/current-titles/devotionals/anointed-a-devotional-anthology-for-the-deities-of-the-near-and-middle-east/?fbclid=IwAR2gu_MAyG06yCB-bNXCegM6PcvG505_4OH6E6lDi-U0X-BLOjMLWrRtggs Celebrate the birthplace of civilization and get our Sumerian Shirt | Hoodie | Coffee Mug today! CLOTHES: https://teespring.com/Sumerian-Clothing?pid=212&cid=5818 COFFEE MUGS: https://teespring.com/sumerian-coffee-mug?pid=658&cid=102908 Check out our new store! https://teespring.com/stores/the-history-shop Get your Sea Peoples | Late Bronze Age Merch below! Mugs: https://teespring.com/new-sea-peoples-mediterranean?pid=658&cid=102950 Hoodies | Shirts | Tank Tops: https://teespring.com/get-sea-peoples-mediterranean?pid=212&cid=5819 Get your Hittite Merch below! Mugs: https://teespring.com/HittiteEmpireMug?pid=658&cid=102950&sid=front Shirts | Tank Tops | Hoodies: https://teespring.com/hittite-empire-shirt?pid=2&cid=2397 Trojan War Merch Below! Mugs: https://teespring.com/trojan-war-coffee-mug?pid=658&cid=102950 Tank Tops | Shirts | Hoodies: https://teespring.com/TrojanWarShirt?pid=2&cid=2397 To support the channel, become a Patron and make history matter! Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/The_Study_of_Antiquity_and_the_Middle_Ages Donate directly to PayPal: https://paypal.me/NickBarksdale Join our community!  Facebook Page: https://www.facebook.com/THESTUDYOFANTIQUITYANDTHEMIDDLEAGES/ Twitter: https://twitter.com/NickBarksdale Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/study_of_antiquity_middle_ages/ Facebook Group: https://www.facebook.com/groups/164050034145170/