Talks from the Hoover Institution

Eyck Freymann, a Hoover Fellow and author on U.S.-China strategy, teams up with Harry Halem, a naval historian from the Yorktown Institute, to discuss pressing military and industrial challenges. They highlight the urgency for America to innovate in military capabilities and work with allies to deter China. Topics include the complex nature of modern supply chains, contrasting U.S. and Chinese military systems, and the need for political support to enhance defense strategies. Their insights draw parallels between past and present, stressing the importance of adaptive responses in today's geopolitical landscape.

The Hoover History Lab invites you to "Breakneck: China's Quest to Engineer the Future", a book talk with the author, Dan Wang, on Monday, October 27, 2025 from 4:00 p.m. - 5:30 p.m. PT in the Shultz Auditorium, George P. Shultz Building. FEATURING Dan Wang is a research fellow at the Hoover Institution, Stanford University, in its Hoover History Lab and is one of the most-cited experts on China’s technological capabilities. He is the author of the forthcoming Breakneck: China’s Quest to Engineer the Future (W. W. Norton [US] and Penguin [UK], Fall 2025). Stephen Kotkin is director of the Hoover History Lab, Kleinheinz Senior Fellow at the Hoover Institution, and senior fellow at Stanford’s Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies. He has been conducting research in the Hoover Library & Archives for more than three decades.

Francis J. Gavin, the Giovanni Agnelli Distinguished Professor at Johns Hopkins SAIS and author of "Thinking Historically: A Guide to Statecraft & Strategy," discusses the crucial role of history in shaping effective policy. He elaborates on why historians often fall out of policy discussions and introduces the concept of historical sensibility as vital for prudent decision-making. Gavin also critiques simplistic historical analogies, emphasizes empathy for policymakers, and warns against overconfidence in the face of unexpected events, urging for a disciplined integration of historical awareness.

Stephen Kotkin, a Kleinheinz Senior Fellow at the Hoover Institution and an esteemed historian known for his work on Stalin, joins Dan Wang for an engaging discussion on the craft of history. They explore the importance of archival research and empathy in understanding historical contexts. Kotkin warns against 'junk history' and emphasizes the historian's role in responsible policymaking. They also discuss how AI can impact education and the pursuit of global peace, urging a balanced approach to the complexities of power and societal change.

Amir Weiner, a Stanford associate professor of history and director of the Centre for Russian, East European and Eurasian Studies, dives deep into the KGB's tactics in maintaining Soviet stability. He reveals how psychological pressure and conspiracy thinking were key methods, rather than outright violence. Weiner also discusses the influence of foreign literature on KGB operations and examines Vladimir Putin's complex relationship with the agency. Ultimately, he highlights the KGB's failure to adapt and its role in the USSR's collapse.

H.R. McMaster, a Fuad and Michelle Ajami Senior Fellow at the Hoover Institution and former national security advisor, dives into the urgency of building strategic competence in government and academia. He emphasizes the need for leaders to integrate history into policymaking, warning against oversimplified narratives. The discussion includes the importance of red teaming in strategy evaluation and the complexities of military decision-making, showcasing lessons from past conflicts like Iraq and Afghanistan. It's a call for continuous education to enhance national security.

Kenneth I. Juster, the former US Ambassador to India, and Shivshankar Menon, ex-foreign secretary of India, dive into the intricate dynamics of US-India relations. They discuss the evolving partnerships amid geopolitical tensions, particularly with China and in light of the Russia-Ukraine conflict. The conversation addresses challenges in trade and investment, while emphasizing collaboration on counter-terrorism efforts. They also explore the critical balance of military strategies in South Asia, especially regarding Pakistan, and the prospects for future cooperation.

In this engaging discussion, Weitseng Chen, a law expert from the National University of Singapore, Lev Nachman, a political scientist at National Taiwan University, and Chien-Chih Lin, a specialist in comparative constitutional law, delve into Taiwan's current constitutional crisis. They explore the contentious political landscape influenced by recent legislative changes affecting the Constitutional Court. Highlights include the challenges of judicial independence amidst party polarization, implications for Taiwan's 2024 elections, and the urgent need for reforms to safeguard democratic institutions.

Chris Walker, Vice President at the National Endowment for Democracy, discusses the urgent challenges posed by digital authoritarianism. Valentin Weber uncovers how China's data-centric technologies facilitate social control and global repression. Charles Mock delves into the complexities of monitoring these practices, emphasizing the need for democratic vigilance. Beth Curley highlights strategies for integrating democratic values into technology, advocating for accountability and privacy-preserving solutions to counteract authoritarian surveillance methods.

The Hoover Institution Center for Revitalizing American Institutions webinar series features speakers who are developing innovative ideas, conducting groundbreaking research, and taking important actions to improve trust and efficacy in American institutions. Speaker expertise and topics span governmental institutions, civic organizations and practice, and the role of public opinion and culture in shaping our democracy. The webinar series builds awareness about how we can individually and collectively revitalize American institutions to ensure our country’s democracy delivers on its promise. The sixth session discussed How Foreign Speech Restrictions Affect American Free Expression with Jacob Mchangama and Eugene Volokh on Wednesday, April 30, 2025, from 10:00 - 11:00 am PT. Much of our speech to each other uses technology created by companies that operate throughout the world such as Google, Meta (Facebook), X, Microsoft, Amazon, and Apple. Because these companies operate worldwide, they are potentially vulnerable to pressures from the countries in which they operate—if Google has assets or people in Germany or Turkey, then the German or Turkish government can force them to comply with German or Turkish law. So long as countries have tried to regulate what tech companies do in their countries (e.g., what information Google shows to readers in Germany or Turkey), foreign restrictions end up having relatively little effect on what Americans can say to other Americans. But foreign countries are increasingly asking for worldwide restraints on things that are said on various multinational platforms (for instance, anything said anywhere about those countries’ citizens or politicians), sharply risking undermining American’s free speech rights.