New Books in Critical Theory

Brianna Nofil is an insightful author who delves into the intricate history of migrant detention in the U.S. She reveals how local jails have been entwined with immigration enforcement for over a century. The conversation uncovers the profit motives driving rural communities to detain migrants, and how historical events like WWII shaped current policies. Nofil critiques ineffective political strategies and highlights the troubling economics of incarceration, where local authorities benefit financially from detaining those seeking refuge.

Julia Caterina Hartley, an author exploring Iranian culture and French literary history, discusses the deep connections between nineteenth-century France and Iran. She highlights how new translations of Persian works reshaped France's literary imagination, showcasing influences from Victor Hugo to Judith Gautier. Hartley also examines the complexities of Iranian identity through the lens of French Orientalism and critiques Eurocentrism in literary narratives. Her insights reveal how cultural exchanges transformed artistic expressions in both literature and opera.

Mary Bridges, an expert in the history of US finance capitalism, delves into her book about the rise of US banking as an imperial force. She reveals how banking began as a side project for Gilded Age tycoons, evolving into a pivotal tool for projecting US power abroad. Bridges discusses the interplay of local communities with branch banking and how these institutions perpetuated social hierarchies. The conversation also touches on the transition from personal relationships to data-driven credit practices, reflecting on the enduring influence of financial systems on global dynamics.

Inés Valdez, an Associate Professor of political science at Johns Hopkins University, challenges conventional views on democracy and imperialism. She introduces the concept of 'self-and-other determination,' revealing how popular sovereignty in the Global North is tied to the exploitation of racialized labor. Valdez discusses the complexities of migration, labor dynamics, and the political alienation from nature, advocating for an anti-imperial sovereignty grounded in transnational movements. She critiques traditional migration narratives, emphasizing the systemic inequities faced by marginalized communities.

Jeff Schuhrke, a labor historian and union activist, delves into the shocking use of American unions by the CIA to undermine labor movements during the Cold War. He reveals the AFL-CIO's betrayal in blocking revolutionary ideologies, reshaping global labor dynamics. Schuhrke discusses the internal conflicts of the CIO, the historical roots of free trade unionism, and the missed opportunities for labor in the 1960s civil rights movements. He also highlights the legacies of key figures like Walter Ruther and the ongoing implications for modern worker rights.

Jack A. Goldstone, a noted scholar and author of 'Revolutions: A Very Short Introduction', delves into the history and evolution of revolutions. He discusses how the age structure of societies impacts revolutionary dynamics, with younger populations often more prone to violence. Goldstone draws parallels between revolutions and earthquakes, emphasizing their unpredictability. He also explores the significance of recent non-violent movements, highlighting the challenges of transitioning from revolution to stable democracy in contexts like the Arab Spring.

Caterina Fugazzola, an expert on queer mobilization in China, discusses her book that highlights strategies for social change post-decriminalization of same-sex behavior. She contrasts local approaches with Western tactics, emphasizing community narratives over confrontation. Fugazzola shares her academic journey and the metaphor of 'Words Like Water' to illustrate adaptability in activism. Personal stories reveal the resilience of China's queer community, navigating cultural expectations and a complex relationship with the government, all while fostering hope for the future.

Aaron Reeves and Sam Friedman, both Professors of Sociology at the London School of Economics, dive into the dynamics of the British elite in their new book. They reveal how the elite, primarily affluent older white men, navigate their identities while grappling with societal perceptions of wealth. The conversation also highlights gender disparities in elite education and the complex roles of elites of color shaped by colonial legacies. They even discuss the pressing social issues and responsibilities of today's elites, proposing reforms to bridge the disconnect with the public.

Andrew W. Kahrl, an author and historian, delves into the deeply rooted issues of inequitable tax laws affecting Black Americans. He discusses the historical context of systemic exploitation that has persisted for 150 years, revealing how tax policies have reinforced racial inequality. Kahrl also examines the connection between taxation and housing markets, highlighting past injustices like redlining that have disproportionately burdened Black communities. His insights challenge listeners to rethink the implications of tax systems and advocate for meaningful reform.

Ilias Alami, a scholar on state capitalism, and Adam D. Dixon, an expert on state-owned enterprises, dive deep into the resurgence of state involvement in global economies. They explore how the 2008 financial crisis sparked this shift, with countries like China leading the charge. The duo challenges traditional views of capitalism by highlighting similar traits in Western economies. They dissect the competitive dynamics among nations, especially in green technology, and discuss the critical link between state investment and decarbonization efforts.