SciShow Tangents

The Tangents crew needed to get out and enjoy some summer sun, so this week we're reposting our classic Bees episode! Tune in next week for a new episode!Do you ever just wonder, “are the bees doing okay?” They’re so important to our food industry and native ecosystems, and every couple of years it seems like something horribly bad is happening to them. So this week, we’re taking a look at the fascinating lives and deaths of bees! Can they recognize human faces or understand the concept of zero? Why are blister beetles mimicking sexy bee pheromones? And what do nightclubs and honeybee hives have in common? Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we’ll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on Twitter: Stefan: @itsmestefanchin Ceri: @ceriley Sam: @slamschultz Hank: @hankgreenIf you want to learn more about any of our main topics, check out SciShowTangnets.org![Poem]https://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2012/03/120316-hot-bee-balls-hornets-insects-brains-animals-science/http://jeb.biologists.org/content/jexbio/206/2/353.full.pdf[Truth or Fail]Handedness in beesBees understanding zeroBees recognize faces[Fact Off]Blister beetles: Drunk bees:[Ask the Science Couch]CCD: https://www.epa.gov/pollinator-protection/colony-collapse-disorderGlyphosate:http://jeb.biologists.org/content/218/17/2799https://www.glyphosate.eu/glyphosate-mechanism-actionhttps://www.pnas.org/content/115/41/10305Native bees:https://www.wired.com/2015/04/youre-worrying-wrong-bees/http://www.xerces.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/Xerces_policy_statement_HB_Final.pdfhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5722319/[Butt One More Thing]Isopentyl acetate:https://www.extension.entm.purdue.edu/beehive/pdf/Breed_et_al.pdfhttps://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/isoamyl_acetate#section=Top  Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

From toenails to T-cells, human bodies have a whole lot of moving parts, which means there’s ample opportunity for things to go not-quite-according-to-plan!Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we’ll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on Twitter: Stefan: @itsmestefanchin Ceri: @ceriley Sam: @slamschultz Hank: @hankgreenIf you want to learn more about any of our main topics, check out SciShowTangents.org![Truth or Fail]Salmonellahttps://www.technologyreview.com/2007/09/25/223729/deadly-bacteria-from-outer-space/https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/in-space-infectious-diseases-reveal-their-true-nature-19761956/)https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5515522/UTIhttps://www.theglobeandmail.com/technology/science/germs-in-space-tougher-and-deadlier/article694273/#:~:text=In%201970%2C%20Fred%20Haise%2C%20part,2006%20mission%2C%20including%20Pseudomonas%20aeruginosa.https://history.nasa.gov/SP-350/ch-13-5.htmlhttps://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23658630/Green Musclehttps://extension.umd.edu/sites/extension.umd.edu/files/_docs/programs/poultry/IS1976%20Deep%20Pectoral%20Myopathy.pdfSupplemental https://www.mentalfloss.com/article/547736/what-happens-when-astronaut-gets-sick-space#:~:text=Astronauts%20floating%20around%20in%20zero,can%20sometimes%20cause%20an%20injury.&text=That%20happened%20with%20spaceflight%2Dassociated,their%20eyes%20during%20space%20missions.[Fact Off]Fake Typhus epidemichttps://archive.org/stream/NavyMedicine198004/Navy%20Medicine%201980-04#page/n27/mode/2uphttps://www.cdc.gov/typhus/epidemic/index.htmlhttps://www.dshs.texas.gov/lab/serology_agg.shtmhttps://amednews.com/article/20040705/profession/307059953/6/https://academic.oup.com/trstmh/article-abstract/37/5/321/1898852?redirectedFrom=fulltextGlaucoma T-cellshttps://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/08/180810091530.htmhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-018-05681-9 Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

The sea is filled with giant, super-smart aquatic mammals communicating across vast distances and using the stars to navigate. No jokes in this description! Whales are amazing!Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we’ll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on Twitter: Stefan: @itsmestefanchin Ceri: @ceriley Sam: @slamschultz Hank: @hankgreenIf you want to learn more about any of our main topics, check out SciShowTangnets.org[Truth or Fail]Dogs sniffing out poophttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4703337/https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/meet-dogs-sniffing-out-whale-poop-science-180958050/https://conservationbiology.uw.edu/research-programs/killer-whales/https://www.biology.washington.edu/news/news/1504634400/tucker-orca-poop-detection-dog-seattlemetRobots scooping poophttp://dcs.whoi.edu/https://www.newsdeeply.com/oceans/articles/2018/02/22/whale-of-a-journey-robot-searches-for-elusive-humpbacks-on-high-seashttps://money.cnn.com/2016/09/30/technology/mit-robots-sewers/index.htmlWhale litter boxhttps://www.sciencenewsforstudents.org/article/faking-out-whales[Fact Off]Whale heartbeathttps://www.pnas.org/content/116/50/25329https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2019-11/su-rrf112219.phphttps://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/researchers-measure-blue-whales-heart-rate-first-time-180973662/https://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2019/11/diving-blue-whales-heart-beats-very-very-slowly/602557/Lunge feedinghttps://www.nature.com/articles/nature11135https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2015-05/uobc-gwh042815.phphttps://www.americanscientist.org/article/the-ultimate-mouthful-lunge-feeding-in-rorqual-whaleshttps://www.popsci.com/whale-nerve-cells-can-stretchhttps://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0960982215002845[Ask the Science Couch]Whale navigationhttps://www.wired.com/2011/04/humpback-whale-migration/https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/full/10.1098/rsbl.2011.0279https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/solar-storms-might-throw-migrating-whales-course-180974278/https://meridian.allenpress.com/jcr/article-abstract/doi/10.2112/SI75-111.1/29667/Coastal-Fronts-Utilized-by-Migrating-Humpback?redirectedFrom=PDFhttps://www.livescience.com/63791-underwater-volcanoes-tasmania.html[Butt One More Thing]Anal syruphttp://whitelab.biology.dal.ca/rwb/kogiastat.pdfhttps://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/species/pygmy-sperm-whalehttps://www.sciencefocus.com/nature/slimy-saliva-sticky-tongues-and-anal-syrup-3-of-the-slimiest-creatures-in-the-animal-kingdom/ Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

Humanity’s quest for flight has been, all things considered, extremely successful! Sure, we aren’t all zipping around in jetpacks yet… but honestly I don’t think we’re ready for jetpacks. Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we’ll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on Twitter: Stefan: @itsmestefanchin Ceri: @ceriley Sam: @slamschultz Hank: @hankgreenIf you want to learn more about any of our main topics, check out SciShowTangnets.org![Truth or Fail]Donut-shaped aircrafthttps://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/originalDocument?CC=US&NR=2014319274A1&KC=A1&FT=D&ND=3&date=20141030&DB=EPODOC&locale=en_EPhttps://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/flying-saucer-patents-alexander-weygershttps://patents.google.com/patent/US2377835A/enWilliams X-Jethttps://patents.google.com/patent/US4447024https://www.theguardian.com/science/2000/sep/14/technology2More pictures: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Williams_X-Jet#/media/File:Williams_X-Jet_-_side_view.jpgFlying magic carpet https://books.google.com/books?id=biYDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA94&lpg=PA94&https://www.theverge.com/2011/11/3/2504531/jetpack-history-future-passed[Fact Off]First aerial photographhttps://www.geriwalton.com/felix-nadars-giant-balloon-le-geant/#:~:text=Felix%20Nadar's%20giant%20balloon%2C%20or,known%20by%20the%20pseudonym%20Nadar.&text=Caricature%20of%20Nadar%20as%20a%20ballooning%20photographer.https://www.theguardian.com/books/2015/dec/23/books-felix-nadar-france-photography-flighthttp://www.artinsociety.com/the-adventures-of-nadar-photography-ballooning-invention--the-impressionists.htmlhttps://papa.clubexpress.com/content.aspx?page_id=22&club_id=808138&module_id=158950Drone organ transporthttps://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2019-04/uomm-uom042619.phphttps://www.jems.com/2020/01/29/new-partnership-in-drone-delivery-system-for-human-organs/https://weare.techohio.ohio.gov/2019/10/30/vyrtx-pioneers-air-corridor-for-drone-delivery-of-organs/[Ask the Science Couch]Alberto Santos-Dumonthttps://www.britannica.com/biography/Alberto-Santos-Dumonthttps://www.cnet.com/news/were-the-wright-brothers-really-first-not-in-brazil/https://www.cnn.com/2003/TECH/ptech/12/10/brazil.santosdumont.reut/http://www.wright-brothers.org/History_Wing/History_of_the_Airplane/Who_Was_First/Santos_Dumont/Santos_Dumont.htm[Butt One More Thing]Airplane stinky poophttp://www.bbc.co.uk/newsbeat/article/31908620/ba-flight-forced-to-land-early-because-of-smelly-poo Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

From the joyful to the hateful to the extremely weird, the Internet is all of the complexity of human thought given shape! And boy do humans think about cats and sex a lot! I hope you're all doing well!  Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we’ll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions!  While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on Twitter: Stefan: @itsmestefanchin Ceri: @ceriley Sam: @slamschultz Hank: @hankgreen If you want to learn more about any of our main topics, check out SciShowTangnets.org! Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

From itchy and annoying to potentially deadly, allergies seem to make our lives worse for pretty much no discernible reason! [Truth or Fail]Hot Dog Allergy https://spoonuniversity.com/lifestyle/hot-dog-allergiehttps://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1994783/Cat-Porkhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3594363/Parent Spithttps://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2013/05/06/180817114/parents-saliva-on-pacifiers-could-ward-off-babys-allergies[Fact Off]Thunderstorm asthmahttps://academic.oup.com/qjmed/article/106/3/207/1565254https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/cea.12709https://www.smh.com.au/lifestyle/thunderstorm-asthma-the-night-a-deadly-storm-took-melbournes-breath-away-20170308-gut8ur.htmlhttps://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2016/nov/27/thunderstorm-asthma-oure-talking-an-event-equivalent-to-a-terrorist-attackLangerhans cellshttps://www.popsci.com/allergy-immunotherapy-toothpaste/https://allovate.com/how-allerdent-works/[Ask the Science Couch]Allergies & public horticulturehttps://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/seasonal-allergies-blame-male-treeshttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016920461100137Xhttps://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2015-08/asoa-hpc082615.php[Butt One More Thing]Milk allergy fecal transplanthttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-018-0324-z Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

Are you suffering from mild boredom, a grumpy frown, and a general lack of extremely niche scientific knowledge? Well, SciShow Tangents has the cure for what ails you!Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we’ll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on Twitter: Stefan: @itsmestefanchin Ceri: @ceriley Sam: @slamschultz Hank: @hankgreenIf you want to learn more about any of our main topics, check out these links![Truth or Fail]Cleaner Shrimphttps://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/08/180823092057.htmhttps://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00227-018-3379-yDolphin letterhttps://web.archive.org/web/20111205105601/http://explore.georgetown.edu/news/?ID=57991&PageTemplateID=295Stressed Micehttps://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2005/07/050729063608.htmhttps://www.fda.gov/consumers/consumer-updates/hyperbaric-oxygen-therapy-dont-be-misled[Fact Off]Ant Medicshttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ajp.1350160407https://www.nationalgeographic.com/news/2018/02/matabele-ants-rescue-heal-injured-soldiers/https://www.latimes.com/science/sciencenow/la-sci-sn-paramedic-ants-20180216-story.htmlhttps://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/full/10.1098/rspb.2017.2457Two-Headed Flatwormshttps://www.cell.com/biophysj/fulltext/S0006-3495(17)30427-7https://journals.plos.org/ploscompbiol/article?id=10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002481https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0005273612000855[Ask the Science Couch]Scar tissue vs. normal tissuehttps://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-018-07430-whttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3840475/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4352699/https://medicine.yale.edu/dermatology/dermsurg/Chapter%2018%20Time%20and%20Care%20Heals%20All%20Wounds_36907_284_5_v1.pdfReducing scarringhttps://medschool.cuanschutz.edu/surgery/specialties/endocrine/patient-care/adrenalectomy/scar-managementhttps://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/wellness-and-prevention/everyday-cuts-and-scrapes-how-to-prevent-scarringhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3842869/Fetal wound healinghttps://hsci.harvard.edu/skin-regeneration-and-rejuvenationhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4229131/[Butt One More Thing]Cow poop poulticehttps://books.google.com/books?id=0y6gAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA223&lpg=PA223&dq=In+dung#v=onepage&q=In%20dung&f=falsehttps://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/poultice Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

Kicking the ball, passing another type of ball, running around the big arena and making a point! SciShow Tangents knows one thing and that one thing is SPORTS! Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we’ll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on Twitter: Stefan: @itsmestefanchin Ceri: @ceriley Sam: @slamschultz Hank: @hankgreenIf you want to learn more about any of our main topics, check out these links![Truth or Fail]Crowd Noisehttps://www.researchgate.net/publication/45821302_Crowd_Noise_as_a_Cue_in_Referee_Decisions_Contributes_to_the_Home_Advantagehttps://www.earq.com/hearing-health/articles/going-to-a-football-gamehttps://www.hear-the-world.com/en/media/media-releases/world-cup-fans-warned-about-risk-of-hearing-damage-from-vuvuzelaRoboCuphttps://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=350&v=H8xc6LpiNVs&feature=emb_titlehttps://www.forbes.com/sites/annatobin/2019/06/25/what-to-expect-from-robocup-2019-the-robotics-soccer-world-cup-kicks-off-july-2/#484935147485https://www.robocup.org/leagues/3HudGlasseshttps://newatlas.com/form-ar-swim-goggles/60985/https://www.dcrainmaker.com/2018/04/everysight-cycling-display.html[Fact Off]Rats playing hide-and-seekhttps://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2019/09/why-scientists-taught-rats-play-hide-and-seek/597799/https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2019/09/lab-rats-play-hide-and-seek-fun-it-new-study-showshttps://blogs.scientificamerican.com/guest-blog/so-you-think-you-know-why-animals-play/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/01/07/science/animals-play-games.htmlhttps://science.sciencemag.org/lookup/doi/10.1126/science.aax4705 Empathy video gamehttps://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2018-08/uow-avg080918.phphttps://news.wisc.edu/a-video-game-can-change-the-brain-may-improve-empathy-in-middle-schoolers/[Ask the Science Couch]Getting competitive about gameswww.nbcnews.com/better/pop-culture/why-board-games-bring-out-worst-us-ncna828726www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2014-06/uoc--yga061314.phpwww.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2016-06/ucl-ddm053116.phpwww.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2018-06/s-tsh062818.phpParasocial relationships & sports fanshttps://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1963&context=thesesdissertationshttps://surface.syr.edu/thesis/358/https://www.units.miamioh.edu/psybersite/fans/sit.shtmlhttps://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2368&context=thesesdissertations[Butt One More Thing]Butt controllerhttps://phys.org/news/2013-12-valve-mouth-mouse-butt-gadgets-video.html Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

Mammals pretty much have the market cornered on hair, and you know all the other types of animals are jealous of us. Imagine a little lizard with bangs or something? It just wouldn’t be right. Sorry!Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we’ll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on Twitter: Stefan: @itsmestefanchin Ceri: @ceriley Sam: @slamschultz Hank: @hankgreenIf you want to learn more about any of our main topics, check out SciShowTangents.org![Truth or Fail]Camarillo white horsehttps://books.google.com/books?id=WyYDAAAAMBAJ&pg=RA1-PA216&lpg=RA1-PA216&dq=%22telescopic+sight%22+spider+silk#v=onepage&q=%22telescopic%20sight%22%20spider%20silk&f=falsehttps://vgl.ucdavis.edu/services/horse/CamarilloWhite.phphttps://www.camarillowhitehorses.org/history_camarillo_white_horses.htmlAfrican crested rathttps://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/full/10.1098/rspb.2011.1169https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2011/08/case-poisonous-rathttps://www.livescience.com/15360-crested-rat-poison-hairs-kills.htmlMalabar giant squirrelhttps://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/2019/04/indian-giant-squirrels-colors-camouflage/https://www.theguardian.com/environment/shortcuts/2017/jan/08/colour-changing-cats-warn-radioactive-waste-nuclear-plants-distant-descendants[Fact Off]Hyena poop hair preservationGraphene hair dyehttps://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2018-03/nu-gfn031218.phphttps://www.cell.com/chem/fulltext/S2451-9294(18)30082-2?_returnURL=https%3A%2F%2Flinkinghub.elsevier.com%2Fretrieve%2Fpii%2FS2451929418300822%3Fshowall%3Dtrue[Ask the Science Couch]Grey hairwww.scientificamerican.com/article/why-does-hair-turn-gray/https://science.sciencemag.org/content/307/5710/720https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(05)00293-X?https://www.fasebj.org/doi/full/10.1096/fj.08-125435Stresswww.theguardian.com/science/2020/jan/22/stress-speeds-up-hair-greying-process-science-confirmshttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-1935-3https://www.health.harvard.edu/blog/hair-turn-gray-2017091812226[Butt One More Thing]Trichobezoar https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3083501/ Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

Salt: a mineral so nice that much of early human civilization was based on its procurement! Now we put big chunks of it on tasty pretzels at the mall! Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we’ll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on Twitter: Stefan: @itsmestefanchin Ceri: @ceriley Sam: @slamschultz Hank: @hankgreenIf you want to learn more about any of our main topics, check out these links![Truth or Fail]Lake Peigneurhttps://www.damninteresting.com/lake-peigneur-the-swirling-vortex-of-doom/https://www.motherjones.com/environment/2013/08/sinkhole-swallowed-11-barges/Brinacleshttps://science.howstuffworks.com/environmental/earth/oceanography/underwater-brinicles.htmSalt Hotelhttps://theculturetrip.com/south-america/bolivia/articles/welcome-to-the-hotel-thats-made-entirely-from-salt/[Fact Off]Coconut water IVhttp://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/14/12/5144https://podcasts.ufhealth.org/can-coconut-water-mimic-human-plasma/https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0735675700900627https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2011/08/15/139638930/saved-by-the-coconut-water-parsing-coconut-waters-medical-claimshttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK154437/Salt flats for satellite calibrationhttps://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Characterization-of-the-Salar-de-Uyuni-for-in-orbit-Lamparelli-Ponzoni/6b6a5037f838a2342d5681b642944fd68c775551https://academic.oup.com/gji/article/172/1/31/2081107https://www.nature.com/news/2007/071130/full/news.2007.315.html[Ask the Science Couch]Salt in a wound historyhttps://books.google.com/books?id=29gV_kCmZrIC&pg=PA141https://www.abc.net.au/life/will-sea-water-help-heal-open-sores/11279036http://utc.iath.virginia.edu/abolitn/abestwa8t.htmlSaline solutionhttps://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2018/03/31/597666140/why-did-sterile-salt-water-become-the-iv-fluid-of-choicehttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4794509/Nociceptionhttps://nba.uth.tmc.edu/neuroscience/m/s2/chapter06.htmlhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK32659/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2903433/[Butt One More Thing]Rectal salt glandshttps://www.jstor.org/stable/1541076?seq=1https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5216465/https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00364827.1963.10410275?journalCode=ssar20 Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.