SciShow Tangents

It’s our 100th episode! And to celebrate our migration from double- to triple-digits, we’re talking about… animal migration... Ok, we forgot it was our 100th episode. But this is still a great episode!Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we’ll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on Twitter: Stefan: @itsmestefanchin Ceri: @ceriley Sam: @slamschultz Hank: @hankgreenIf you want to learn more about any of our main topics, check out these links: [Truth or Fail]Arrow Storkhttps://www.mentalfloss.com/article/76208/how-stork-solved-scientific-mysteryhttps://www.realclearscience.com/blog/2018/02/19/the_weirdest_ideas_about_bird_migration.htmlhttps://www.atlasobscura.com/places/zoological-collection-of-the-university-of-rostockhttps://labandfield.wordpress.com/2013/11/03/bird_migration/[Fact Off]American and European eel migrationhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/2449503?seq=3#metadata_info_tab_contentshttps://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-37563100https://jeb.biologists.org/content/208/7/1329https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms9705https://www.discovermagazine.com/planet-earth/mystery-of-the-vanishing-eelshttps://advances.sciencemag.org/content/2/10/e1501694https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/sargassosea.htmlArmy ant bivouac [Ask the Science Couch]Forest migrationhttps://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/features/BorealMigrationhttps://www.npr.org/2020/07/28/896030567/believe-it-or-not-forests-migrate-but-not-fast-enough-for-climate-changehttps://daily.jstor.org/the-incredible-moving-forest/[Butt One More Thing]Starling poop https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2016-01-05/rome-is-drowning-in-the-droppings-of-a-million-migrating-starlings

Monster Month bursts from the grave with one last shocking surprise! Enjoy this audio adventure through a haunted house, as Scary Ceri guides you through some of the spookiest sounds around! Be sure to wear your… deadphones! Ha ha ha ha ha!Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we’ll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on Twitter: Stefan: @itsmestefanchin Ceri: @ceriley Sam: @slamschultz Hank: @hankgreenIf you want to learn more about any of our main topics, check out these links:[Definition]https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3181681/https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00761/full[Natural Sounds]https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/out-the-ooze/201511/what-makes-house-feel-hauntedhttps://www.businessinsider.com/why-horror-films-scary-fear-neuroscience-psychology-2016-10https://www.quora.com/Why-is-the-wolf-howling-effect-used-in-horror-movieshttps://www.sciencemag.org/news/2015/07/why-screams-are-so-scaryhttps://www.nyu.edu/about/news-publications/news/2015/july/researchers-find-the-acoustic-signature-of-screams.htmlhttps://www.cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S0960-9822(15)00737-X[Music]https://slate.com/culture/2012/06/in-scientific-studies-of-music-whats-missing-is-the-culture.htmlhttps://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/full/10.1098/rsbl.2012.0374https://arstechnica.com/science/2016/07/the-jaws-theme-might-not-be-scary-for-tsimane-people/https://mcgovern.mit.edu/2020/06/16/universal-musical-harmony/https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-020-16448-6https://qz.com/quartzy/1429949/devils-interval-what-makes-music-sound-scary/[Extreme Highs & Lows]https://www.newscientist.com/article/2123018-the-feeling-you-get-when-nails-scratch-a-blackboard-has-a-name/https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00131/fullhttps://scienceline.org/2011/10/why-do-we-hate-the-sound-of-nails-on-a-chalkboard/http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/Sound/infrasound.htmlhttp://www.nbcnews.com/id/3077192#.X2kUu5NKhxwhttp://www.richardwiseman.com/resources/ghost-in-machine.pdfhttps://web.archive.org/web/20110929142806/http://www.psy.herts.ac.uk/ghost/Something-in-the-Cellar.pdf[Butt One More Thing]https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11031-018-9673-7#Sec14https://www.livescience.com/62165-how-to-overcome-embarrassment-fart-study.html  

Monster Month meets its ghoulish end, and we’re throwing it a swinging wake! This week, all the monsters we didn’t talk about during the rest of October come together for a great big Monster Mash!Halloween is my favorite time of year, and this one has been more than a little weird. But working on Monster Month helped make up for some of the creepy fun I'm missing out on, and I hope it did the same for you!RIP Monster Month! For now...Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we’ll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on Twitter: Stefan: @itsmestefanchin Ceri: @ceriley Sam: @slamschultz Hank: @hankgreenIf you want to learn more about any of our main topics, check out these links: [Truth or Fail]King Kong suit experimentshttps://www.cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S0960-9822(15)00946-Xhttps://www.livescience.com/52209-apes-remember-ancitipate-scary-movie-scenes.html Thieving puppet experimenthttps://www.manchester.ac.uk/discover/news/research-with-thieving-puppets-demonstrates-toddlers-caring-sides/Parrots wasting foodhttps://www.nytimes.com/2019/11/02/science/why-parrots-waste-food.htmlSocial interaction puppet experimenthttps://munewsarchives.missouri.edu/news-releases/2015/0210-babies-can-identify-complex-social-situations-and-react-accordingly-2/ [Fact Off] Birdcatcher treehttps://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-tropical-ecology/article/dispersal-and-germination-of-seeds-of-pisonia-grandis-an-indopacific-tropical-tree-associated-with-insular-seabird-colonies/60178D05BB8FFDED4565F2EB72E9061Dhttps://www.sciencealert.com/this-tree-seems-to-kill-birds-just-for-the-heck-of-ithttps://www.academia.edu/16969627/_Birdlime_Sticky_Entrapments_in_Renaissance_Literature_https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/health-science/this-tree-lures-birds-with-a-free-lunch-and-then-kills-them/2017/03/31/27aa04c0-1309-11e7-9e4f-09aa75d3ec57_story.htmlhttps://www.theargus.co.uk/news/16882829.birds-killed-illegal-glue-traps-horsham-nature-reserve/ Bloodsucking (Capri Son) anthttps://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2018-12/uoia-dap120618.phphttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v9dsINb64Q0&feature=youtu.be&ab_channel=AntLabhttps://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/dracula-ants-snapping-jaws-are-fastest-known-appendage-any-animal-180971061/#:~:text=According%20to%20Hannah%20Devlin%20of,them%20%E2%80%9Cfull%20of%20holes.%E2%80%9Dhttps://blogs.scientificamerican.com/running-ponies/shadow-labyrinth-mirror-new-species-of-child-eating-dracula-ants-get-cool-ninja-names/https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2014-03/pp-snd032814.php [Ask the Science Couch] Organ transplantshttps://www.cedars-sinai.org/programs/transplant-center/programs/kidney-pancreas/abo-incompatibility.htmlhttps://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/transplant/programs/reconstructive_transplant/hand_transplant.htmlhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41423-019-0215-3https://jbioleng.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13036-017-0089-9 Blood compatibility https://www.rch.org.au/bloodtrans/about_blood_products/Blood_Groups_and_Compatibilities/https://www.cedars-sinai.org/programs/transplant-center/programs/kidney-pancreas/abo-incompatibility.html [Butt One More Thing] Yeti poop actually bearshttps://www.nationalgeographic.com/news/2017/11/yeti-legends-real-animals-dna-bears-himalaya-science/  

Monster Month turns up the spooky sex appeal as we talk about the hunkiest monster in Monster Town: vampires!  What monster do you think is the hunkiest? Or how about least-hunkiest (sort of tricky! They can all be hunks in their own way)? Send us a tweet and let us know!  Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we’ll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions!  While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on Twitter: Stefan: @itsmestefanchin Ceri: @ceriley Sam: @slamschultz Hank: @hankgreen If you want to learn more about any of our main topics, check out these links: [Truth or Fail] Wirewormshttps://extension.entm.purdue.edu/fieldcropsipm/insects/corn-wireworms.phphttps://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1119566-overview Vampire Ground Finchhttp://blog.discoveringgalapagos.org.uk/vampire-finch/ Japanese Wild Boarshttps://www.nal.usda.gov/fsrio/research-projects/silver-nanoparticles-pesticide-agricultural-applications#:~:text=Silver%20nanoparticles%20have%20received%20significant,resistance%20to%20existing%20chemical%20pesticides.https://www.scmp.com/news/asia/east-asia/article/2136652/wild-boars-are-taking-over-japans-small-towns-and-residents-are [Fact Off] Blood batteryhttps://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2016/04/160429095849.htmhttps://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/home/science/Scientists-create-bio-batteries-which-can-be-charged-with-human-sweat/articleshow/40198217.cmshttps://futurism.com/blood-is-helping-us-make-the-next-generation-of-batteries Tick traumatic insemination https://www.pnas.org/content/116/29/14682https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2011/08/immune-system-protects-female-bedbugs-traumatic-sexhttps://phys.org/news/2019-07-female-bed-bugs-immune-stis.html [Ask the Science Couch] Teeth/beak/etc puncturehttps://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/mammals/c/common-vampire-bat/https://www.dec.ny.gov/animals/7242.htmlhttps://academic.oup.com/beheco/article/11/2/154/204658https://zslpublications.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1469-7998.2000.tb00583.x Specialized mouthpiece strawhttps://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2016/06/07/480653821/watch-mosquitoes-use-6-needles-to-suck-your-bloodhttps://web.natur.cuni.cz/parasitology/vyuka/LekEnt_CV/The%20Biology%20of%20Blood-Sucking%20in%20Insects.pdf [Butt One More Thing] Vampire bat poophttps://www.nytimes.com/2018/02/22/science/vampire-bats-blood.htmlhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41559-018-0476-8

Monster Month shambles on! This week: the living dead! We’re talking zombies, we’re talking Frankensteins, we’re talking skeletons. And by the end, things get downright poignant!Also in this episode, an all time Hank hot take about ghosts. I’d love to hash that one out more, so be sure to hit him up on Twitter so we can all figure out why he thinks ghosts are alive… Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we’ll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on Twitter: Stefan: @itsmestefanchin Ceri: @ceriley Sam: @slamschultz Hank: @hankgreenIf you want to learn more about any of our main topics, check out these links:[Truth or Fail]Brazilian Treehoppershttps://io9.gizmodo.com/the-brazilian-treehopper-may-be-the-strangest-creature-5975761https://www.sciencefocus.com/nature/what-is-a-brazilian-treehopper/Cicada Wing Flickinghttps://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2018-02/uoc-iot022218.phpProtective Ant Fungushttps://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-05/ps-tzf050212.php[Fact Off]Neochromosomes (Frankenstein’s monster chromosomes) & cancerhttps://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2014-11/giom-ssm110514.phphttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4905327/https://www.nature.com/articles/515314bhttps://www.cell.com/cancer-cell/fulltext/S1535-6108(14)00373-0https://www.nature.com/articles/nature14493https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1383574218300322https://www.nature.com/articles/4401161Glass knifefish brain transplanthttps://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2020-03/njio-sb032420.phphttps://news.njit.edu/simulated-frankenfish-brain-swaps-reveal-senses-control-body-movement[Ask the Science Couch]Trying to reanimate animal corpseshttps://www.livescience.com/65542-zombies-real-resurrection-experiments.htmlhttps://io9.gizmodo.com/real-life-scientists-who-meddled-with-life-and-death-5949176https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15595271/https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0003497500010912Animal brainshttps://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-019-01216-4https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/0006899374904788https://science.sciencemag.org/content/168/3929/375 [Butt One More Thing] Dead butt syndromehttps://www.healthline.com/health/dead-butt-syndrome

It’s ba-ack! Fear Month is back from the dead in a hideous new form: Monster Month! This week we’re busting out the Ouija board and summoning forth some Ghostly science knowledge from beyond this earthly plane! Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we’ll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on Twitter: Stefan: @itsmestefanchin Ceri: @ceriley Sam: @slamschultz Hank: @hankgreenIf you want to learn more about any of our main topics, check out these links:[Truth or Fail]Bioluminescent/reflective animalshttps://www.owlpages.com/owls/articles.php?a=18https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rsta.2014.0206https://www.nationalgeographic.com/news/2015/07/150724-fireflies-glow-bugs-summer-nation-science/Marsh gaseshttps://cen.acs.org/articles/92/i38/George-Washington-Scientist.htmlhttps://www.popsci.com/jack-o-lanterns-marsh-lights/https://discovernjhistory.org/magical-mud-microbes-and-methane/https://www.nj.gov/state/historical/it-happened-here/ihhnj-er-first-science-ex.pdfhttps://www.mountvernon.org/library/digitalhistory/digital-encyclopedia/article/rocky-hill-experiment/Pepper's ghost illusionhttps://cosmosmagazine.com/physics/the-science-behind-the-pepper-s-ghost-illusion/http://www.theatrecrafts.com/pages/home/glossary-of-technical-theatre-terms/more-about-peppers-ghost/https://www.vice.com/en_us/article/aekye5/the-science-behind-the-worlds-most-convincing-ghost-effect[Fact Off]Feeling of presence ghost robothttps://www.wired.com/2014/11/robot-ghost/https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/this-robot-messes-with-your-brain-until-you-feel-a-ghostly-presence/Ghost fleas and mercuryhttps://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/07/ghost-fleas-bring-toxic-mercury-depths-prairie-lakeshttps://www.sciencetimes.com/articles/26294/20200701/ghost-fleas-act-mercury-elevators-bring-toxin-up-depths-lake.htm[Ask the Science Couch]EMF readershttps://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2016/11/the-broken-technology-of-ghost-hunting/506627/https://www.livescience.com/4261-shady-science-ghost-hunting.htmlhttps://io9.gizmodo.com/meet-the-emf-meter-the-little-tool-that-ghost-hunters-5875212 

We're taking a short dirt nap this week in preparation for October's frightening festivities! Enjoy this classic, slightly spooky episode and join us next week as we kick off Monster Month!It'll be worth the wait, I promise!Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we’ll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on Twitter: Stefan: @itsmestefanchin Ceri: @ceriley Sam: @slamschultz Hank: @hankgreenIf you want to learn more about any of our main topics, check out these links:[Poem]https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/these-pitcher-plants-call-bats-get-their-poo-180956014/https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/full/10.1098/rsbl.2010.1141[Truth or Fail]Bats that spend time on the ground:http://news.cornell.edu/stories/2005/03/vampire-bats-keep-out-trouble-running-study-showshttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16621953https://www.australiangeographic.com.au/blogs/creatura-blog/2018/01/why-fly-when-you-can-shuffle-the-lesser-short-tailed-bat-prefers-the-ground/Diurnal bats:https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/2018/11/daytime-bats-help-explain-nocturnal-evolution/https://blogs.plos.org/ecology/2017/06/29/bat-species-found-only-on-islands-in-trouble-worldwide/https://www.degruyter.com/view/j/mamm.ahead-of-print/mammalia-2017-0128/mammalia-2017-0128.xmlSuction cup bats:https://www.wired.com/2010/04/how-sucker-winged-bats-hang-on/[Fact Off]Bat & dolphin echolocation:https://evolutionnews.org/2012/05/tangling_the_tr/https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2010/01/hear-bats-and-whales-share-sonar-proteinhttps://www.cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S0960-9822(09)02073-9https://www.nature.com/articles/nature12511https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/tetrapod-zoology/refined-fine-tuned-placental-mammal-family-tree/Moth echolocation blocker:https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2009/07/moths-block-bats-sonarhttp://science.sciencemag.org/content/325/5938/325?keytype=ref&siteid=sci&ijkey=GbDjRlkoHfRnYhttps://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/phenomena/2009/07/17/tiger-moths-jam-the-sonar-of-bats/http://jeb.biologists.org/content/214/14/2416[Ask the Science Couch]White-nose syndrome:https://www.biologicaldiversity.org/campaigns/bat_crisis_white-nose_syndrome/Q_and_A.htmlhttps://www.whitenosesyndrome.org/static-page/what-is-white-nose-syndromehttps://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/how-bats-could-bounce-back-devastating-white-nose-syndrome-180969378/https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-017-02441-zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/4/2/48[Butt One More Thing]Bat guano gunpowder:https://tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/dkc09  

What would a podcast be without language? Perhaps a series of soothing tones? Maybe frog sounds? Wait… that sounds nice… Need more sweet language knowledge? Crash Course Linguistics: https://youtu.be/eDop3FDoUzkWant more Deboki? Journey to the Microcosmos: https://youtu.be/17tug6T-4jcCrash Course Organic Chemistry: https://youtu.be/bSMx0NS0XfYAnd follow her on Twitter: https://twitter.com/okidoki_bokiAnd every other Tangents episode! She does a ton of behind the scenes work and we’d, frankly, be screwed without her! Thank you, Deboki!Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we’ll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on Twitter: Stefan: @itsmestefanchin Ceri: @ceriley Sam: @slamschultz Hank: @hankgreenIf you want to learn more about any of our main topics, check out these links: [Truth or Fail]Mustached bat sounds and syntaxhttps://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7962992/  Heaps Lawhttps://www.johndcook.com/blog/2019/08/27/heaps-law/ Jackass penguin honkshttps://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rsbl.2019.0589https://www.livescience.com/jackass-penguin-linguistic-rules.htmlhttps://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/jackass-penguin-calls-follow-similar-rules-human-speech-180974139/https://youtu.be/oTOcJj_NNUg  Speed dating communicationhttps://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2012/04/30/151550273/to-predict-dating-success-the-secrets-in-the-pronouns Prairie dog chatterhttps://www.prairiedoghoogland.com/vocalizationshttps://academic.oup.com/jmammal/article/79/3/887/859259[Fact Off]Facebook machine learning of language https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2020-03/uops-fuc030620.phpHypothetical spaceship languagehttps://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/07/200706145433.htmhttps://zenodo.org/record/3747353#.X1j66nlKiJc[Ask the Science Couch]Human language efficiency https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2016/06/complex-languages/489389/https://advances.sciencemag.org/content/5/9/eaaw2594http://www.ithkuil.net/00_intro.htmlComputer languages https://thenewstack.io/which-programming-languages-use-the-least-electricity/https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/compiled-versus-interpreted-languages/[Butt One More Thing]Pumpernickelhttps://www.visualthesaurus.com/cm/wordroutes/the-devilish-origins-of-pumpernickel/ 

Jeepers creepers, today we’re talking about peepers!  I can't come up with anything that would really add to the above description of the episode, but I also feel like I owe you guys more than that... so hey, what's up? Excited for Halloween? Watching any good shows? I'm sort of out of shows...  Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we’ll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions!  While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on Twitter: Stefan: @itsmestefanchin Ceri: @ceriley Sam: @slamschultz Hank: @hankgreen If you want to learn more about any of our main topics, check out these links: [Truth or Fail] Bat Eyeshttps://www.vice.com/en_us/article/78kwdz/bats-crash-into-each-other-all-the-time-high-speed-cameras-reveal Guitarfish Eyeshttps://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/instead-eyelids-fish-has-special-muscles-retract-its-eyeball-180957005/ https://ocean.si.edu/ocean-life/sharks-rays/sharks#:~:text=Sharks%20have%20eyelids%2C%20but%20they,damage%20when%20fighting%20or%20feeding.&text=In%20addition%2C%20some%20species%20have,the%20eye%20in%20dicey%20situations. Goat Eyeshttps://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2015/08/07/430149677/eye-shapes-of-the-animal-world-hint-at-differences-in-our-lifestyles [Fact Off] Glowing Contactshttps://www.caltech.edu/about/news/glowing-contact-lens-could-prevent-leading-cause-blindness-82050https://orionvisiongroup.com/blog/glow-in-the-dark-contact-treatment-diabetic-retinopathy/#:~:text=Diabetic%20Retinopathy%20%E2%80%93%20The%20Facts,the%20precursor%20to%20nerve%20death. Cockeyed squidshttps://today.duke.edu/2017/02/mismatched-eyes-help-squid-survive-ocean%E2%80%99s-twilight-zonehttps://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rstb.2016.0069https://www.discovermagazine.com/planet-earth/this-squid-gives-better-side-eye-than-youhttps://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-does-someone-get-two/ [Ask the Science Couch] Eye shapeshttps://www.mentalfloss.com/article/90509/13-furry-facts-about-pallass-cathttps://advances.sciencemag.org/content/1/7/e1500391https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2015/08/07/430149677/eye-shapes-of-the-animal-world-hint-at-differences-in-our-lifestyles [Butt One More Thing] Cow butt eyehttps://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/painting-eyes-cow-butts-could-save-cow-and-lion-lives-180975601/https://www.mentalfloss.com/article/627983/save-cow-from-predators-paint-eyes-on-its-butt

Beep beep, toot toot, etc. Cars are definitely one of the more common-place things we’ve talked about on Tangents… yet to some, including many on our panel, they are even more mysterious and confusing than the human body or the fundamental forces of nature! Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we’ll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on Twitter: Stefan: @itsmestefanchin Ceri: @ceriley Sam: @slamschultz Hank: @hankgreenIf you want to learn more about any of our main topics, check out these links: [Truth or Fail]Freeze-dryinghttps://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2020-03/nuos-nit031820.phpReplacing human tissueshttps://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2020-03/cuot-nrm031320.phphttps://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsnano.9b01924Batterieshttps://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/08/140827151654.htmhttps://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2014/RA/C4RA03888F#!divAbstract [Fact Off]Added engine noisehttps://www.caranddriver.com/features/a15117726/faking-it-engine-sound-enhancement-explained-tech-dept/https://www.carthrottle.com/post/5-ways-that-manufacturers-enhance-the-sound-of-their-cars/https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/economy/americas-best-selling-cars-and-trucks-are-built-on-lies-the-rise-of-fake-engine-noise/2015/01/21/6db09a10-a0ba-11e4-b146-577832eafcb4_story.htmlhttps://www.popularmechanics.com/cars/a7923/the-rise-of-the-fake-engine-roar-11291754/https://www.caranddriver.com/features/a15107374/this-is-why-various-engine-types-sound-so-different-feature/ [Ask the Science Couch]Wheels vs. trackshttps://litetrax.com/wheels-vs-tracks-advantages-disadvantages/https://www.macallisterrentals.com/track-vs-wheeled-equipment-type-machine-rent/3 vs. 4 wheelshttps://thenewswheel.com/why-do-cars-have-four-wheels/https://jalopnik.com/why-three-wheels-are-better-than-four-5950307 [Butt One More Thing]https://www.fertstert.org/article/S0015-0282(07)01404-5/pdf