EconTalk

Nassim Nicholas Taleb, a philosopher and author known for *The Black Swan*, dives into the pandemic's complexities. He discusses the unpredictable nature of crises, emphasizing the need for early intervention and effective monitoring. Taleb critiques government responses and advocates for standardized protocols. He introduces the concept of 'geronticide,' urging society to value the elderly. The conversation also touches on the psychological impacts of lockdowns and the anti-fragile mindset, proposing that crises can lead to economic and societal evolution.

Glenn Loury, an esteemed economist and author at Brown University, delves into the complexities of race and inequality in America. He discusses the nuances of systemic racism, particularly in education and policing, promoting market-based reforms. Loury also tackles the contentious topic of historical statue removals, urging a balanced view of history. He emphasizes the importance of open debate in academia, warning against the dangers of identity politics and censorship, while remaining optimistic about the future of race relations in the country.

Josh Williams, co-founder and CEO of Forte, dives into the dynamic world of online gaming and blockchain technology. He discusses the staggering 3 billion gamers and the massive revenue potential of the industry. Williams highlights how blockchain can revolutionize player ownership of virtual goods and enhance real-world economic activities within games. He also delves into the rise of virtual concerts and their impact on community building, showcasing the evolving relationship between gaming, culture, and commerce.

In a captivating discussion, Robert Lerman, an economist at the Urban Institute, sheds light on the power of apprenticeships to address youth unemployment. He compares U.S. and European models, emphasizing the need for inclusive vocational training that equips young people with practical skills. Lerman critiques the traditional college pathway, advocating for apprenticeships as viable alternatives. He also highlights the value of skilled trades and ongoing education, showcasing how craftsmanship enriches both individual lives and society as a whole.

Vivian Lee, a physician and author of "The Long Fix," discusses transformative changes needed in U.S. healthcare. She critiques the fee-for-service model that incentivizes procedures over actual patient health. The conversation dives into innovations in Medicare and digital health technologies that could reshape treatment incentives. Lee also highlights the complexities of hospital pricing, the necessity for transparency, and how COVID-19 has accelerated potential reforms towards value-based payments, aiming for a healthier, more efficient system.

Agnes Callard, a philosopher and author renowned for her insights on aspiration and agency, joins the discussion with fascinating thoughts on the evolution of philosophy. She explores the unique nature of philosophical inquiry versus scientific methods and how historical narratives shape our moral understanding. Callard also tackles the Sisyphus-like challenges of parenting and the modern role of universities in fostering critical thinking. The relevance of classical philosophers and the endangered value of humanities in education are pivotal topics, emphasizing their importance in nurturing wisdom and ethical behavior.

Diane Ravitch, an author and historian at New York University, critiques the charter school movement in her latest discussion. She explains her journey from supporter to skeptic, emphasizing how charter schools drain resources from public education. Ravitch explores the detrimental effects of billionaires' investments in education and the misinformation spread by 'Waiting for Superman.' She also highlights the dedication of teachers in underfunded schools and calls for a systemic rethink of educational equity and support.

Rebecca Henderson, a Harvard Business School professor and author of "Reimagining Capitalism in a World on Fire," discusses transformative ideas for capitalism. She critically examines how an obsession with shareholder value undermines societal stability. Henderson emphasizes the urgency of addressing economic inequality, climate change, and corporate accountability. She advocates for a more ethical business model that balances profit with social responsibility, highlighting the potential for companies to foster a humane and sustainable economic environment.

Sarah Carr, a journalist and author known for her work on education, discusses her book, Hope Against Hope. She shares insights about three charter schools in New Orleans following Hurricane Katrina, diving into the challenges and successes of educational reform. Carr highlights socio-economic factors that impact student experiences, the mixed results of reforms, and the necessity of trust between educators and students. She emphasizes the importance of holistic support for students and critiques the reliance on programs without addressing deeper issues.

Martin Gurri, author of "The Revolt of the Public" and a former CIA analyst, dives into how information technology is reshaping political authority and societal norms. He argues that the digital explosion has destabilized trust in traditional institutions and fueled populist movements globally. Gurri discusses the increasing alienation among protesters and critiques the disconnect of elites from the populace. He also examines how political identity and media influence contribute to rising polarization, urging a need for new forms of leadership and local empowerment.