Cold War Conversations

Michael Zdanowski was born and raised in the UK, but his interest with the Cold War goes back generations. His grandfather having emigrated from Poland to the United Kingdom during the second world war and was a distinguished member of the RAF in the battle against Germany. Michael’s interest in the Cold War prompted him to pursue a doctorate focused around the Sovietisation of Estonia post-WW2, which he researched over a number of years. His findings indicated a wholesale imperialistic strategy that centered around language, culture and moving large numbers of Russians into Estonia. However, his findings also demonstrate a great deal of Estonian resistance to these efforts, with the local population finding ways of celebrating their local culture and heritage through covert means. It is a story of attempted social engineering that underestimated the desire of a people to be conquered.If you can spare it I’m asking listeners to contribute at least $3 USD per month to help keep us on the air (larger amounts are welcome too) plus you can get a sought after CWC coaster as a monthly financial supporter of the podcast and you bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history.Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/Co-host Peter Ryan conducts our chat and I am delighted to welcome Michael Zdanowski to our Cold War conversation…There’s further information on this episode in our show notes, which can also be found as a link in your podcast app here. https://coldwarconversations.com/episode156/If you can’t wait for next week’s episode do visit our Facebook discussion group where guests and listeners continue the Cold War Conversation. Just search Cold War Conversations in Facebook.Thank you very much for listening. It is really appreciated – goodbye.Help Support the podcast by shopping at Amazon.https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/bestsellers/books/12447630031/ref=pd_zg_hrsr_books&tag=cwcp-21Help support the podcast with a CWC mug or maybe a t-shirt?https://www.redbubble.com/people/Coldwarpod/shop?asc=uSupport the project! https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPodFacebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations0:00 Introduction and Michael Zdanowski's family history2:41 Interview with Michael Zdanowski about his interest in the Cold War10:55 Michael's university studies and encounters with Cold War era tutors16:48 Discussion on Soviet migration and cultural imperialism in Estonia29:18 Resistance of Estonians against Soviet rule and preservation of culture34:56 Independence movements in Soviet Socialist Republics39:11 Influence of Western culture in Estonia during the Cold War41:42 Enduring impact of the Soviet era on Estonia45:27 Rapid fire discussion on Cold War themed books and films52:23 Imaginary dinner party with Cold War personalities53:51 Additional resources and donationsChapters powered by PodcastAI✨ Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

This is Part 2 of our conversation with Colin Munro who was the British Deputy Head of Mission in East Berlin from 1987 to 1990. In this episode we move to the monumental events of 1989 as the GDR was wrought by internal protest prior to the opening of the Wall in Berlin. It’s a fascinating account of Colin’s contacts who were giving him insights into the eventual fall of the GDR.0:00 Introduction and Colin Munro's views on Brezhnev1:50 Sponsor: Listener Donations Appeal2:28 Political situation in East Germany in 198910:01 Soviet embassy's uncertainty about orders to Soviet forces in East Germany19:12 Colin Munro's personal experience during the opening of the Berlin Wall22:30 UK government's position on German unification30:02 The economic collapse of East Germany and the decision for a currency union32:37 The 2+4 negotiations for German unification35:20 The end of the Cold War and Thatcher's political career40:27 Closing remarks and acknowledgmentsTable of contents powered by PodcastAI✨Do you know how much $3 USD is in Pounds? It’s 76 pence which equals about 20p or 75c per episode if you sign up as a monthly financial supporter of the podcast. Higher amounts are welcome too. It’s very straightforward and you can stop whenever you want. Plus monthly supporters get the sought after CWC coaster too!Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/Thank you so much to our generous supporters who help keep us on the air.If that’s not your cup of tea then leave a written reviews in Apple podcasts or share us on social media. By telling your friends you can really help the podcast grow.In today’s episode, Colin tells of translating for Margaret Thatcher during a phone call with Helmut Kohl, UK imports from the GDR and of a drunken Harry Tisch, the East German Trade Union leader.We welcome Colin to our Cold War conversation…There’s further information on this episode in our show notes, which can also be found as a link in your podcast app here. https://coldwarconversations.com/episode155/If you like what you are hearing, please leave reviews in Apple podcasts and share us on social media.If you can’t wait for next week’s episode do visit our Facebook discussion group where guests and listeners continue the Cold War Conversation. Just search Cold War Conversations in Facebook.Thankyou very much for listening. It is really appreciated – goodbye.Radio GDRIf you are interested in East Germany we can highly recommend our friends over at Radio GDR.Support the project! https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPodFacebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Colin Munro was the British Deputy Head of Mission in East Berlin from 1987 to 1990. Although the UK did not recognise East Berlin as part of the GDR in 1973 it established an Embassy “to” the GDR (not in the GDR) in East Berlin to provide a diplomatic presence.As Deputy Head of Mission Colin was effectively the Deputy Ambassador and was responsible for improving trade, ensuring correct dealings on status of Berlin and try to promote peaceful change. 0:00 Introduction and Colin Munro's roles in East Berlin1:03 UK's stance on East Berlin and the GDR2:24 Sponsor: Financial Supporters 2:42 Divided city of Berlin and its status7:04 Colin's account of a sit-in at the embassy in East Berlin15:31 Story of the sit-in at the Danish embassy17:05 Trade between the UK and East Germany26:18 Personal encounters with East German politburo members33:01 Opening of the Hungarian border and its perception40:56 Discussion on the unification of Germany44:45 Show notes and appreciation of the podcast's patrons45:37 Invitation to join the Facebook discussion group and closing remarksTable of contents powered by PodcastAI✨Do you know how much $3 USD is in Pounds? It’s 76 pence which equals about 20p or 75c per episode if you sign up as a monthly financial supporter of the podcast. Higher amounts are welcome too. It’s very straightforward and you can stop whenever you want. Plus monthly supporters get the sought after CWC coaster too!Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/If that’s not your cup of tea then leave a written reviews in Apple podcasts or share us on social media. By telling your friends you can really help the podcast grow.Back to today’s episode, Colin tells of life in the Embassy with some fascinating insights into the unique difficulties of being a diplomat in a capital city that the UK did not recognise..We welcome Colin to our Cold War conversation…There’s further information on this episode in our show notes, which can also be found as a link in your podcast app here . https://coldwarconversations.com/episode154/If you like what you are hearing, please leave reviews in Apple podcasts and share us on social media.If you can’t wait for next week’s episode do visit our Facebook discussion group where guests and listeners continue the Cold War Conversation. Just search Cold War Conversations in Facebook. Radio GDRIf you are interested in East Germany we can highly recommend our friends over at Radio GDR.Support the project! https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPodFacebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

In this episode we talk with Col. Keith Nightingale who served in the US military from 1965 to 1993. He completed two tours of Vietnam; the first as a Senior Advisor to a Vietnamese Ranger unit and the second as a rifle company commander in the 101st Airborne.  Keith used the experience of his first tour to write ‘Just another day in Vietnam’ which gives a vivid first-hand account of a jungle operation with the South Vietnamese Rangers against the Viet Cong. UK listeners can buy Keith's book here https://amzn.to/3lWljkbUS listeners can buy Keith's book here https://amzn.to/33VRcTDIf you can spare it I’m asking listeners to contribute at least $4 USD per month to help keep us on the air (larger amounts are welcome too) plus you can get a sought after CWC coaster as a monthly financial supporter of the podcast and you bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history.Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/Co-host James conducts our chat and I am delighted to welcome Keith Nightingale to our Cold War conversation…There’s further information on this episode in our show notes, which can also be found as a link in your podcast app here. https://coldwarconversations.com/episode153/If you can’t wait for next week’s episode do visit our Facebook discussion group where guests and listeners continue the Cold War Conversation. Just search Cold War Conversations in Facebook.Thank you very much for listening. It is really appreciated.Support the project! https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPodFacebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations0:00 Introduction and Keith Nightingale's early experiences in Vietnam1:02 Interview with Colonel Keith Nightingale and discussion about his book "Just another day in Vietnam"7:13 Keith's assignment to the 52nd Rangers and comparison with US army14:22 Keith's first experience in combat and discussion on PTSD20:25 The writing process of Keith's book and the decision to write in third person27:20 The B52 strike against the POW camp and the aftermath of the battle40:02 Major Hep's leadership and influence on Keith Nightingale53:21 Public attitudes towards the Vietnam War and preparing for a second tour1:00:34 Reflections on the war, its impact and lessons learned1:09:07 Keith's reflections on Vietnam and his book, closing remarks from Ian Sanders1:10:04 Acknowledgement of financial supporters and politburo level Patreons: Sam Hardwick, Nicholas Butler, and Jeffrey JonesChapters powered by PodcastAI✨ Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

During her first visit to Poland in 1980, Dr Jacqueline Hayden met the leading members of the free trade union ‘Solidarność’, including the future president Lech Wałęsa. As a freelance journalist at that time, she reported the events in Gdańsk in August 1980, when the shipyard workers went on strike to demand the creation of Free Trade Unions.Our chat includes some vivid descriptions of what she saw and heard at the time, it explains the problems facing the nascent free trade union as well as details of the interviews she carried out with General Jaruselski and Cardinal Joseph Glemp among others.Now, I really do need your help to support my work preserving Cold War history. I deliver 4 episodes a month and all I’m asking for is about $3, £3 or €3 per month to help keep us on the air (larger amounts are welcome too) plus you can get a sought after CWC coaster as a monthly financial supporter and you bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history.Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/If a financial contribution is not your cup of tea, then you can still help us by leaving written reviews wherever you listen to us as well as sharing us on social media. It really helps us get new guests on the show.I am delighted to welcome Jacqueline Hayden to our Cold War conversation…There’s further information on this episode in our show notes which can also be found as a link in your podcast app here. https://coldwarconversations.com/episode152/If you can’t wait for next week’s episode do visit our Facebook discussion group where guests and listeners continue the Cold War Conversation. Just search Cold War Conversations in Facebook.Support the project! https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPodFacebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations0:00 Jacqueline Hayden's journey and her first interactions with Poland's dissidents2:25 Cold War Channel on YouTube11:55 Jacqueline's experiences with the Solidarity movement and Lech Walesa19:00 Meeting special figures during the Cold War and the prospects of a free trade union30:25 Interpretation of the round table and the collapse of communism36:59 Jacqueline's experiences in Poland during the agreement signing and her work with the Irish press42:51 Jacqueline's encounters with the Polish secret police and other foreign journalists49:02 Discussions on the potential end of the regime and the beginning of opening up in Russia55:46 Jacqueline's interviews with General Juruselski and the symbolism of his handshake with Lech Walesa1:06:07 Analysis of the 1989 election and the impact of the electoral system1:13:36 Discussion on the role of the Catholic Church in the Cold War and the relationship between Cardinal Glemp and General Jaruzelski1:22:10 Closing remarks, promotion of Cold War Conversations Coasters, and a call for donationsChapters powered by PodcastAI✨ Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Sue Boyd has been the head of Australian diplomatic missions in Fiji, Hong Kong, Vietnam and Bangladesh. She also had postings at the United Nations in New York and in the former East Germany.Sue was posted to East Germany in 1976 and tells of her work, friendships, and life as a single woman in the diplomatic community of 1970s East Berlin. She reveals the fascinating contents of her Stasi file, detailing the intense surveillance she was under as well as confirmation of some of her suspicions, but also there are some surprising revelations too. Buy Sue's book and support the podcast here https://amzn.to/2JfHiEUNow it does take a lot of effort and expense to produce the podcast and I could really do with some help to support my work. So if you want to really help preserve Cold War history then for only about $3, £3 or €3 per month you can help keep us on the air (larger amounts are welcome too) plus you can get a sought after CWC coaster as a monthly financial supporter and bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history.Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/If a financial contribution is not your cup of tea, then you can still help us by leaving written reviews wherever you listen to us as well as sharing us on social media. It really helps us get new guests on the show.I am delighted to welcome Sue Boyd to our Cold War conversation…There’s further information on this episode in our show notes which can also be found as a link in your podcast app here. https://coldwarconversations.com/episode151/If you can’t wait for next week’s episode do visit our Facebook discussion group where guests and listeners continue the Cold War Conversation. Just search Cold War Conversations in Facebook.Thank you very much for listening. It is really appreciated – goodbye.Radio GDRIf you are interested in East Germany we can highly recommend our friends over at Radio GDR.Support the project! https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPodFacebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations0:00 Introduction of Sue Boyd and her diplomatic career1:17 Sue Boyd's postings at the United Nations and East Germany3:19 Sue Boyd's early career in the Australian foreign service6:01 Sue Boyd's unexpected posting to East Germany and role as 1st secretary9:07 Sue Boyd's travel experiences and surveillance by Stasi15:13 Sue Boyd's observations on East Bloc countries' relationships with the Soviet Union22:31 Building relationships and friendships in the GDR34:49 Comments on Sue Boyd's journalist contacts in East Germany47:12 Sue Boyd's surveillance stories and the impact of Stasi1:00:02 Gough Whitlam's visit to the GDR in 1976 and Sue Boyd's role1:03:32 Sue Boyd's book about her life as a diplomatChapters powered by PodcastAI✨ Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Today we speak with Ian Ballantyne, the author of “Hunter Killers”, also known as “Undersea Warriors” in the United States.Hunter Killers’ tells the incredible, true inside story of the Royal Navy’s Cold War beneath the waves.Buy the book and support the podcast here https://amzn.to/3jalireWe talk about the forgotten role Royal Navy submarines played in the Cuban Missile Crisis while also learning the truth behind what official statements called collisions with ‘icebergs’.In addition, we cover the processes and procedures of the Polaris submarine nuclear missile launch as well as the “Letters of Last Resort”.Now I really need your help to allow me the time to continue producing and preserving these Cold War stories.A monthly donation to help keep us on the air is only about $3, £3 or €3 per month (larger amounts are welcome too) plus you can get a sought after CWC coaster as a monthly financial supporter and you bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history.Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/If a financial contribution is not your cup of tea, then you can still help us by leaving written reviews wherever you listen to us as well as sharing us on social media. It really helps us get new guests on the show.I am delighted to welcome Iain Ballantyne to our Cold War conversation…There’s further information on this episode in our show notes which can also be found as a link in your podcast app here. https://coldwarconversations.com/episode150If you can’t wait for next week’s episode do visit our Facebook discussion group where guests and listeners continue the Cold War Conversation. Just search Cold War Conversations on Facebook.Thank you very much for listening. It is really appreciatedPhoto: FOSNI PHOTS/MODSupport the project! https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPodFacebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations0:00 Introduction0:43 Interview with Ian Ballantine, author of 'Hunter Killers'1:18 Role of Royal Navy submarines in the Cuban missile crisis3:02 Post-war use of WWII submarines and sharing of captured submarine technology9:58 Intelligence gathering missions in the Barents Sea14:49 Royal Navy's participation in the Cuba quarantine19:29 Under-ice missions and the Royal Navy going nuclear30:10 Introduction of nuclear-powered submarines in the Royal Navy41:00 Identification of NATO submarines by the Soviet Union52:08 Authentication and launch process of missiles1:02:05 Collision incident between HMS Splendid and a Typhoon1:09:37 The burial at sea prank on the Russians by HMS London1:14:30 The uncertainty during the hardliner's coup in Moscow1:19:10 The most dangerous area of confrontation: Under the Sea1:21:00 Proposal for a submariners' memorial1:23:52 Acknowledging the contributions of patrons and sponsorsChapters powered by PodcastAI✨ Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Today we speak with Richard Crowder, the author of “Détente – the chance to end the Cold War”.Help support the podcast buy the book here UK listeners https://amzn.to/34yNeB2US listeners https://amzn.to/3kHU3pOBetween 1968 and 1975, there was a subtle thawing of relations between East and West, for which Soviet leader Leonid Brezhnev coined the name Détente. The leaders of the United States and the Soviet Union, Richard Nixon and Leonid Brezhnev, hoped to forge a new relationship between East and West. We talk about some of the key moments such as where Henry Kissinger, Nixon’s Secretary of State agreed the end to the war in Vietnam, the 1973 Arab Israeli war where the world stood on the brink of armed conflict between the Soviet Union and the United States and the Helsinki Accords where the agreement to uphold human rights unleashed dissident movements against the Communist Parties of Eastern Europe.Now I really need your help to allow me the time to continue producing and preserving these Cold War stories. A monthly donation to help keep us on the air is only about $3, £3 or €3 per month (larger amounts are welcome too) plus you can get a sought after CWC coaster as a monthly financial supporter and you bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history.Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/If a financial contribution is not your cup of tea, then you can still help us by leaving written reviews wherever you listen to us as well as sharing us on social media. It really helps us get new guests on the show.I am delighted to welcome Richard Crowder to our Cold War conversation…There’s further information on this episode in our show notes, plus a book giveaway which can also be found as a link in your podcast app here. https://coldwarconversations.com/episode149/If you can’t wait for next week’s episode do visit our Facebook discussion group where guests and listeners continue the Cold War Conversation. Just search Cold War Conversations in Facebook.Support the project! https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPodFacebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations0:00 Introduction and Patreon appeal by Ian Sanders1:06 Introduction to Richard Crowder and his book "Detente"5:07 Overview of global social and economic changes and politics in the late 1960s10:11 Richard Crowder discusses the flow of events from 1968 to 197514:05 Breakthrough with China and its impact on the Cold War20:14 The need for the Berlin 4 power agreement32:25 Discussion on the Paris Peace Accords and the end of US involvement in Vietnam40:20 The Yom Kippur War and the risk of a superpower confrontation44:52 Nixon's resignation and the Watergate scandal49:34 Ford and Brezhnev's meeting in Vladivostok and the final summit of the détente period57:42 Closing remarks and patron acknowledgements58:25 How to support the podcastChapters powered by PodcastAI✨ Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Guy Burgess was the most important, complex, and fascinating of The Cambridge Spies, brilliant young men recruited in the 1930s to betray their country to the Soviet Union. An engaging and charming companion to many, an unappealing, utterly ruthless manipulator to others, Burgess rose through academia, the BBC, the Foreign Office, MI5 and MI6, gaining access to thousands of highly sensitive secret documents which he passed to his Russian handlers.In his book “Stalin’s Englishman”, Andrew Lownie tells us how even Burgess's chaotic personal life of drunken philandering did nothing to stop his penetration and betrayal of the British Intelligence Service. Even when he was under suspicion, the fabled charm which had enabled many close personal relationships with influential Establishment figures (including Winston Churchill) prevented his exposure as a spy for many years.UK fans can buy the book and support the podcast here https://amzn.to/3jyvcTHUS fans can buy the book and support the podcast here https://amzn.to/35LDAdRNow I really need your help to allow me the time to continue producing and preserving these Cold War stories. A monthly donation to help keep us on the air is only about $3, £3 or €3 per month (larger amounts are welcome too) plus you can get a sought after CWC coaster as a monthly financial supporter and you bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history.Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/If a financial contribution is not your cup of tea, then you can still help us by leaving written reviews wherever you listen to us as well as sharing us on social media. It really helps us get new guests on the show.I am delighted to welcome Andrew Lownie to our Cold War conversation…There’s further information on this episode in our show notes,plus a book giveaway which can also be found as a link in your podcast app here.  http://coldwarconversations.com/episode148/ If you can’t wait for next week’s episode do visit our Facebook discussion group where guests and listeners continue the Cold War Conversation. Just search Cold War Conversations in Facebook.Thank you very much for listening. It is really appreciated Support the project! https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPodFacebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

At 2 a.m. on 10 March 1983, 12-year-old Carmen Bugan was home alone after her father had left for Bucharest. That afternoon, Carmen returned from school to find secret police in her living room. Her father’s protest against the regime had changed her life forever. This is her story.This is one of the most powerful stories I have recorded so far. What you will hear in Carmen’s own words is an incredibly emotional story about childhood, family, spirit and humanity – do stay and listen to the end. It's safe to say it's a hell of a story and an emotional one too...Buy the book and support the podcastIf you want to support our work preserving Cold War history then only about $3, £3 or €3 per month really helps keep us on the air (larger amounts are welcome too) plus you can get a sought after CWC coaster as a monthly financial supporter and you bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history.Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/If a financial contribution is not your cup of tea, then you can still help us by leaving written reviews wherever you listen to us as well as sharing us on social media. It really helps us get new guests on the show.I am delighted to welcome Carmen Bugan to our Cold War conversation… Carmen has also written Poetry and the Language of Oppression - Essays on Politics and Poetics, available hereThere’s further information on this episode in our show notes which can also be found as a link in your podcast app here. https://coldwarconversations.com/episode147/If you can’t wait for next week’s episode, visit our Facebook discussion group where guests and listeners continue the Cold War Conversation. Just search Cold War Conversations on Facebook.Thank you very much for listening. It is really appreciated.Support the project! https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPodFacebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations0:00 Introduction to the episode by Ian Sanders4:31 Carmen Bugan's family background and school life in Romania15:18 Life during the food shortages in Romania and Carmen's father's decision to protest26:02 Maintaining a double life under an oppressive regime34:50 The aftermath of Carmen's father protest and the family's ordeal49:53 First visit to imprisoned father and the emotional encounter1:03:35 The family's reunion with their father and living under house arrest1:11:49 Discovery of secret police files and finding love amidst the chaos1:19:53 Struggle after obtaining visas, saying goodbye to Romania and moving to America1:27:41 Ian Sanders concludes the episode and thanks the financial supportersChapters powered by PodcastAI✨ Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices