

Aging-US
Aging (Aging-US) Podcast
Aging-US is dedicated to advancing our understanding of the biological mechanisms that drive aging and the development of age-related diseases. Our mission is to serve as a platform for high-quality research that uncovers the cellular, molecular, and systemic processes underlying aging, and translates these insights into strategies to extend healthspan and delay the onset of chronic disease.
Read about the Aging (Aging-US) Scientific Integrity Process: https://aging-us.com/scientific-integrity
Read about the Aging (Aging-US) Scientific Integrity Process: https://aging-us.com/scientific-integrity
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Aug 14, 2025 • 4min
Frailty Linked to Higher Risk of Respiratory Complications and Death in Smokers
BUFFALO, NY — August 14, 2025 — A new #research paper was #published in Volume 17, Issue 7, of Aging (Aging-US) on July 3, 2025, titled “Frailty associates with respiratory exacerbations and mortality in the COPDGene cohort.”
In this study, led by first author Eleanor Kate Phillips from Brigham and Women’s Hospital and corresponding author Dawn L. DeMeo from Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, researchers investigated how frailty impacts lung health and survival in individuals with a history of cigarette smoking. They found that frailty raises the risk of lung attacks and death, even in smokers with preserved lung function. This result shows why all current and former smokers should be checked for frailty.
Frailty is a condition that makes the body more vulnerable to illness, especially in older adults. This study focused on more than 2,600 adults with a history of heavy smoking, many of whom showed no signs of lung damage on standard tests. At the second follow-up visit, participants were categorized as robust, prefrail, or frail and followed for about three years. Researchers tracked how often they experienced respiratory attacks, such as episodes of severe coughing or breathlessness, and whether they survived during that period.
“COPDGene is a cohort study of individuals aged 45–80 with a minimum 10 pack-year smoking history.”
The results showed that people who were frail had a three- to five-fold higher chance of developing serious or frequent respiratory attacks compared to those who were robust. These risks were not limited to people with chronic lung disease. In fact, many frail participants with normal lung function still faced a significantly higher chance of lung attacks and death. Even those in the “prefrail” stage, a milder form of frailty, were more likely to experience health complications.
The research team also found that frailty was associated with an accelerated pace of biological aging, measured using a DNA-based test called DunedinPACE. This supports the idea that frailty may reflect deeper biological changes in the body that go beyond what traditional lung function tests can detect. These findings challenge the idea that standard lung tests can rule out future respiratory complications in people with a history of smoking.
Altogether, the study shows that simple frailty checks could help identify early health problems, allowing for timely interventions that may prevent hospitalizations and potentially save lives. The study suggests that frailty screening may be a valuable tool in public health efforts to reduce respiratory disease and improve outcomes for aging adults.
DOI - https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.206275
Corresponding author - Dawn L. DeMeo - redld@channing.harvard.edu
Video short - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G1XQhQN6PQ8
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Keywords - aging, frailty, cigarette smoking, respiratory exacerbations, COPD, epigenetic aging
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Aug 12, 2025 • 4min
Exercise May Slow Epigenetic Aging
BUFFALO, NY — August 12, 2025 — A new #research perspective was #published in Aging (Aging-US) on July 8, 2025, titled “Exercise as a geroprotector: focusing on epigenetic aging.”
In this perspective, led by Takuji Kawamura from Tohoku University, researchers reviewed existing evidence from scientific studies showing that regular exercise, physical activity, and fitness may influence epigenetic aging and potentially reverse it, offering a promising way to extend healthspan and improve long-term health.
Epigenetic aging refers to changes in the body’s DNA that reflect how quickly a person is aging at the molecular level. It is measured using epigenetic clocks, which analyze patterns of DNA methylation, a chemical modification that can affect gene activity. Unlike chronological age, which simply counts the number of years lived, epigenetic aging presents a more accurate picture of how well the body’s cells and tissues are functioning. This process is influenced by various factors, including lifestyle, and has become a powerful tool for studying aging.
This perspective highlights that while general physical activity, such as walking or doing household tasks, offers health benefits, structured exercise routines that are planned, repetitive, and goal-directed appear to have stronger effects on slowing epigenetic aging. Physical fitness, especially high cardiorespiratory capacity, is also closely associated with slower epigenetic aging.
The authors also discuss key findings from both human and animal studies. In mice, structured endurance and resistance training reduced age-related molecular changes in muscle tissue. In humans, multi-week exercise interventions demonstrated reductions in biological age markers in blood and skeletal muscle. One study found that sedentary middle-aged women reduced their epigenetic age by two years after just eight weeks of combined aerobic and strength training. Another study showed that older men with higher oxygen uptake levels, a key measure of cardiovascular fitness, had significantly slower epigenetic aging.
“These findings suggest that maintaining physical fitness delays epigenetic aging in multiple organs and supports the notion that exercise as a geroprotector confers benefits to various organs.”
The research also examines which organs benefit most from exercise. While skeletal muscle has been a central focus, new evidence shows that regular physical training may also slow aging in the heart, liver, fat tissue, and even the gut. In addition, Olympic athletes were found to have slower epigenetic aging than non-athletes, suggesting that long-term, intensive physical activity may have lasting anti-aging effects.
The authors call for further research to understand why some individuals respond more strongly to exercise than others and how different types of training influence aging in various organs. They also point out the importance of developing personalized exercise programs to maximize anti-aging benefits. Overall, the findings support the growing recognition that maintaining physical fitness is not only essential for daily health but may also serve as one of the most effective tools for slowing the body’s internal aging process.
DOI - https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.206278
Corresponding author - Takuji Kawamura - takuji.kawamura.b8@tohoku.ac.jp
Video short - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wro3_wBovdE
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Aug 11, 2025 • 3min
Aging (Aging-US) Supports Landmark Senescence and Aging Research Events in Rome
BUFFALO, NY — August 11, 2025 — Aging (Aging-US) is proud to support a milestone event for the global senescence and aging research community.
This coming September 16-19, 2025, Rome, Italy will host two back-to-back events that will define the next chapter of senescence science and translation:
-10th Annual International Cell Senescence Association (ICSA) Conference
-Senotherapeutics Summit – organized with the Phaedon Institute
This combined program could not come at a more important time. The field is entering a transformative phase:
-Multiple clinical trials on senolytics and senomorphics are now reporting results, offering the first real-world evidence of their therapeutic potential.
-Exciting new discoveries in senescence mechanisms, biomarkers, and tissue-specific roles are reshaping our understanding of when and how to target these cells.
For the first time, the leading fundamental science meeting on cellular senescence will be directly connected with a global summit dedicated to the clinical and commercial development of senotherapeutics. This unique integration will allow participants to seamlessly move from bench to bedside discussions, exploring both the latest research and its translation into therapies that could transform how we approach aging and age-related diseases.
Highlights include:
-Keynotes from pioneers driving both discovery science and translational innovation
-Sessions on mechanisms, biomarkers, and emerging targets
-Industry and regulatory panels on clinical trial design, safety, and approval pathways
-Case studies from ongoing and completed human trials
-Networking with leaders from academia, biotech and pharma
Celebrate a decade of ICSA and help chart the path for the next generation of senescence science and therapeutics.
Registration is still open: https://icsa2025rome.com/
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Aug 1, 2025 • 4min
Young Human Blood Serum Factors Show Potential to Rejuvenate Skin Through Bone Marrow
BUFFALO, NY — August 1, 2025 — A new #research paper featured on the #cover of Volume 17, Issue 7 of Aging (Aging-US) was #published on July 25, 2025, titled “Systemic factors in young human serum influence in vitro responses of human skin and bone marrow-derived blood cells in a microphysiological co-culture system.”
The study, led by first author Johanna Ritter and corresponding author Elke Grönniger from Beiersdorf AG, Research and Development Hamburg, shows that components in young human blood serum can help restore youthful properties to skin, but only when bone marrow cells are also present. This discovery highlights the role of bone marrow in supporting skin health and may allow for novel approaches aimed at slowing or reversing visible signs of aging.
The research explored how factors present in blood serum, already known to influence aging in animal studies, act on human cells. Using an advanced system that mimics human circulation, the researchers connected a 3D skin model with a 3D bone marrow model. They found that young human serum alone was not enough to rejuvenate skin. However, when bone marrow cells were present, these serum factors changed the activity of those cells, which then secreted proteins that rejuvenated skin tissue.
“Interestingly, we detected a significant increase in Ki67 positive cells in the dynamic skin model co-cultured with BM model and young serum compared to the model co-cultured with BM and old serum, indicating an improved regenerative capacity of the tissue.”
Detailed analysis indicated that young serum stimulated the bone marrow to produce a group of 55 proteins, with 7 of them demonstrating the ability to boost cell renewal, collagen production, and other features associated with youthful skin. These proteins included factors that improved energy production in cells and reduced signs of cellular aging. Without the interaction between skin and bone marrow cells, these rejuvenating effects did not occur.
This finding explains why earlier experiments in mice, where young and old animals shared a blood supply, showed rejuvenation across organs. It suggests that bone marrow-derived cells are critical messengers that transform signals from blood into effects on other tissues, including the skin.
While these results are preclinical and not from human trials, they offer a starting point for new strategies in regenerative medicine and skin care. By identifying specific proteins that may carry rejuvenating signals, the study points to a new way to address age-related changes. Researchers emphasize that further studies will be needed to confirm these effects in humans and to test how these proteins can be safely and effectively applied in future therapies.
Overall, this research is an important step in understanding how young blood serum factors influence human tissue and could guide the development of novel methods to maintain healthier skin as people age.
DOI - https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.206288
Corresponding author - Elke Grönniger - elke.groenniger@beiersdorf.com
Video short - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_4spcgzPcEk
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Jul 30, 2025 • 3min
Study in Twins Links Childhood Environment to Epigenetic Aging and Cognitive Decline
BUFFALO, NY — July 30, 2025 — A new #research paper was #published in Aging (Aging-US) on July 23, 2025, titled “Second generation DNA methylation age predicts cognitive change in midlife: the moderating role of childhood socioeconomic status.”
In this study, led by Sophie A. Bell and Eric Turkheimer from the University of Virginia, researchers investigated how biological aging, measured through DNA methylation, is connected to changes in thinking skills during midlife and whether childhood socioeconomic status influences this relationship.
Biological age provides a picture of how the body is aging that goes beyond simply counting years. In this study, researchers used both first- and second-generation DNA methylation clocks—tools that track chemical changes in DNA as markers of aging. GrimAge and PhenoAge, the second-generation clocks designed to reflect broader health and aging processes, were more accurate at predicting long-term changes in Intelligence Quotient (IQ) than the first-generation models that only estimated chronological age. The study analyzed 287 participants from the Louisville Twin Study, which is a long-term project that has followed twins from childhood into midlife.
“DNAmAge was estimated with five commonly used algorithms, or epigenetic clocks (Horvath, Horvath Skin and Blood, GrimAge, and PhenoAge).”
The results showed that twins with more rapid epigenetic aging had a larger drop in IQ scores. This pattern remained even after considering genetic background and early family environment, made possible by the twin-based design. Importantly, the relationship was strongest in twins who had grown up in families with lower socioeconomic status. This finding suggests that early-life disadvantage may make individuals more vulnerable to the effects of biological aging on brain health.
This research adds knowledge to earlier work showing that childhood poverty can influence long-term health. It also highlights the value of second-generation epigenetic clocks as early indicators of brain aging. Unlike the first generation of clocks, these newer tools capture broader biological changes such as inflammation, disease risk, and behaviors like smoking.
Although smoking partly explained the results because it strongly influences DNA methylation, it did not fully account for the association between accelerated biological aging and cognitive decline. This suggests that both life experiences and lifestyle factors shape body and brain aging.
By combining decades of developmental data with a genetically informed twin design, the study provides new evidence that biological aging, especially when shaped by childhood adversity, is a key factor in midlife cognitive decline. These findings may inform early health strategies that consider both social and biological risks and support the use of second-generation methylation clocks to predict age-related cognitive changes.
DOI - https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.206284
Corresponding authors - Sophie A. Bell - bvf7pa@virginia.edu, and Eric Turkheimer - ent3c@virginia.edu
Video short - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vopDdS1olXw
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Jul 28, 2025 • 4min
TraMA: New RNA-Based Measure Predicts Mortality Risk and Tracks Aging
BUFFALO, NY — July 28, 2025 — A new #research paper was #published in Aging (Aging-US) Volume 17, Issue 6, on June 13, 2025, titled “Development of a novel transcriptomic measure of aging: Transcriptomic Mortality-risk Age (TraMA).”
In this study, led by Eric T. Klopack from the University of Southern California, researchers created a new RNA-based aging measure that predicts health risks and mortality. This measure, called Transcriptomic Mortality-risk Age (TraMA), uses gene expression data to estimate a person’s biological aging. This finding offers a new and potentially more accurate way to track aging and understand health risks, especially for older adults.
Aging is a complex biological process that affects multiple systems in the body and increases the risk of disease and death. Scientists have long looked for reliable ways to measure biological aging. While DNA methylation and blood biomarkers are commonly used, this study focused on RNA—a molecule that reflects gene activity. By analyzing RNA sequencing data from nearly 4,000 U.S. adults aged 50 and older, the team developed TraMA to predict the probability of dying within four years.
TraMA proved to be a strong and independent predictor of early death, multiple chronic diseases, poor cognitive function, and difficulties with daily activities. It was also tested in another large group of long-lived families and in several smaller datasets from patients with conditions like diabetes, sepsis, and cancer. The results confirmed the tool’s usefulness across different populations and health conditions.
“TraMA was also externally validated in the Long Life Family Study and several publicly available datasets.”
Unlike earlier RNA-based aging measures, which were often built using small or non-representative samples, TraMA was developed using modern RNA sequencing technology results and a nationally representative dataset. This increases its reliability and potential for broad public health applications. The tool also demonstrated unique advantages over popular biological aging measures like GrimAge and PhenoAge, capturing distinct aspects of aging and health decline.
Importantly, TraMA tracks biological processes related to inflammation, immune function, and kidney and brain health, systems that play key roles in aging. It was also sensitive to behavioral and socioeconomic factors. For instance, smoking, obesity, and low physical activity were associated with older TraMA scores.
TraMA was also sensitive to changes in biological aging. In one study, researchers measured TraMA at two different time points and found that the more recent scores were better at predicting who would die. This suggests that TraMA can track changes in a person’s aging as their health evolves. It also performed well in both large-scale surveys and small clinical samples, making it a useful tool in many types of research.
By offering a new, accurate, and flexible method for measuring biological aging, TraMA may help researchers better understand how genes, lifestyle, and environment influence aging. This tool opens the door to more precise research on improving health and extending lifespan.
DOI - https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.206272
Corresponding author - Eric T. Klopack - klopack@usc.edu
Video short - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Tl0CApUz8cU
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Jul 23, 2025 • 4min
Ribosomal DNA Methylation Patterns Reveal When Aging Begins
BUFFALO, NY — July 23, 2025 — A new #research paper was #published in Aging (Aging-US) Volume 17, Issue 6, on June 16, 2025, titled “rDNA copy number variation and methylation from birth to sexual maturity.”
In this study, led by first authors Alina Michler and Sarah Kießling along with corresponding author Thomas Haaf from Julius Maximilians University in Germany, researchers explored how ribosomal DNA (rDNA) copy number and methylation change from infancy to adolescence. They discovered that the epigenetic changes often associated with aging in adults do not occur before sexual maturity. This finding offers new insights into when the biological aging process truly begins.
Ribosomal DNA plays a critical role in producing proteins essential for cell survival. The researchers analyzed blood samples from 280 individuals, ranging from newborns to 18 years of age, including healthy individuals and those with developmental delays. They measured the number of rDNA copies and examined how genes are switched on or off through methylation, a chemical modification of DNA. The results showed that while adults experience a gradual loss of active rDNA copies and increased methylation—a hallmark of aging—these changes were absent in children and teenagers. In fact, during childhood and adolescence, the number of active, unmethylated rDNA copies slightly increased.
These findings support the long-debated idea that biological aging begins only after the body reaches reproductive maturity. Until that point, cells appear to actively maintain rDNA in a youthful state, ensuring that protein production remains efficient. This may help explain why children and teenagers are better at resisting many age-related diseases and why their cells recover more easily from stress.
The study also shows that changes in rDNA copy numbers are not associated with unexplained developmental delays. This suggests these epigenetic processes are probably not involved in early-life syndromes. The findings highlight how the body works to preserve genetic stability during childhood and raise important questions about what triggers the shift to aging-related changes after puberty.
“Collectively our data suggest that the rDNA hypomethylation state is actively maintained in somatic tissues of young individuals.”
The insights gained from this research expand the understanding of the molecular clock of aging. They suggest potential new ways to delay aging processes by exploring how youthful rDNA methylation patterns are maintained. As scientists continue to investigate these mechanisms, the study provides a clear foundation for future research aimed at extending cellular health beyond adolescence.
DOI - https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.206271
Corresponding author - Thomas Haaf - thomas.haaf@uni-wuerzburg.de
Video short - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ww21u33uUhk
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Keywords - aging, absolute rDNA copy number, active rDNA copy number, deep bisulfite sequencing, developmental delay, droplet digital PCR
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Jul 21, 2025 • 5min
Stem Cell Regenera: A Regenerative Approach to Activating Dormant Ovarian Follicles
A new #study published recently in Volume 17, Issue 6, examines a novel treatment for women with ovarian failure. Researchers from IVI Clinics Alicante in Spain investigated a procedure called Stem Cell Regenera, which uses the body’s own stem cells and platelet-rich plasma to activate dormant follicles in the ovaries. This innovative protocol could expand options for patients with ovarian failure who have not responded to conventional fertility therapies.
Understanding Ovarian Failure
Ovarian failure affects women’s ability to conceive by reducing the quantity and quality of eggs in the ovaries. Conditions like Poor Ovarian Response, Diminished Ovarian Reserve, and Premature Ovarian Insufficiency are key reasons for infertility and make it hard to use assisted reproduction methods like in vitro fertilization (IVF).
Standard fertility treatments often fail to improve outcomes for these patients, leaving donor eggs as the primary alternative. However, recent advances in regenerative medicine have raised the possibility of restoring ovarian function using cellular therapies. Emerging research suggests that the right biological conditions could reactivate dormant follicles within the ovaries, potentially helping patients to use their eggs.
Full blog - https://aging-us.org/2025/07/stem-cell-regenera-a-regenerative-approach-to-activating-dormant-ovarian-follicles/
Paper DOI - https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.206274
Corresponding author -Amparo Santamaria - Amparo.santamaria@ivirma.com
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Keywords - aging, Stem Cell Regenera, oocyte activation, ovarian regeneration, G-CSF, SCFE-PRP, ovarian failure
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Jul 21, 2025 • 4min
Stem Cell Treatment Shows Potential for Restoring Fertility in Women with Ovarian Failure
BUFFALO, NY — July 21, 2025 — A new #research paper was #published in Aging (Aging-US) Volume 17, Issue 6, on June 27, 2025, titled “Enhancing oocyte activation in women with ovarian failure: clinical outcomes of the Stem Cell Regenera study using G-CSF mobilization of peripheral blood stem cells and intraovarian injection of stem cell factor-enriched platelet rich plasma in real-world-practice.”
This study, led by Amparo Santamaria with co-authors Ana Ballester and Manuel Muñoz from IVI Clinics Alicante, evaluates the effectiveness and safety of a regenerative treatment that may enable women with ovarian failure to regain the ability to produce viable eggs. The approach combines stem cell mobilization and enriched plasma injections into the ovaries to stimulate follicle growth. It provides an alternative for patients experiencing infertility due to poor ovarian response, diminished ovarian reserve, or premature ovarian insufficiency.
Researchers evaluated the Stem Cell Regenera treatment in 145 women, aged 26 to 44 years, who had not responded to conventional fertility therapies. The procedure involved mobilizing the body’s own stem cells using granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), followed by an injection of platelet-rich plasma enriched with stem cell factors directly into the ovaries. This method was designed to activate dormant follicles and promote ovarian regeneration.
Nearly 70% of participants demonstrated oocyte activation, defined as increased follicle growth or a rise in key hormone levels. Approximately 7% achieved spontaneous pregnancies, and 14% conceived through in vitro fertilization (IVF) after treatment. These results indicate that the therapy stimulates ovarian activity and may increase the chances of conception in selected patients.
“The primary outcome measures were the rate of oocyte activation, leukocytes and stem cell count, and pregnancy rates.”
No severe adverse effects were reported. Most participants tolerated the treatment well, with only mild and transient symptoms such as headaches or fatigue. The use of the patient’s own cells minimized the risk of immune reactions and helped ensure the treatment was safe.
The findings provide evidence of effectiveness and safety for the Stem Cell Regenera protocol in a clinical setting. While the study was retrospective observational, the outcomes support further investigation through larger controlled trials to confirm long-term benefits and identify which patient populations may gain the greatest benefit from this approach.
This research contributes to the growing field of regenerative medicine in reproductive health, offering clinicians additional tools to address infertility in women with complex ovarian conditions.
DOI - https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.206274
Corresponding author -Amparo Santamaria - Amparo.santamaria@ivirma.com
Author interview - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oRFJNwnXZWI
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Keywords - aging, Stem Cell Regenera, oocyte activation, ovarian regeneration, G-CSF, SCFE-PRP, ovarian failure
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Jul 17, 2025 • 4min
New Aging Clock Predicts Early Risk of Muscle Loss in Older Adults
BUFFALO, NY — July 17, 2025 — A new #research paper was #published in Aging (Aging-US) Volume 17, Issue 6, on June 9, 2025, titled “Developing a quantitative estimate of muscle age acceleration by a novel phenotypic clock: cross-sectional study in healthy, middle-aged and older adults.”
In this study, led by first authors Lucia Ventura, Antonella Cano and Marco Morrone, along with corresponding author Franca Deriu from the University of Sassari, researchers introduce a new method to predict how muscles age, offering an early warning system for sarcopenia, the condition of age-related muscle loss. The study demonstrates how a simple, low-cost approach can identify middle-aged and older adults at higher risk for declining muscle health, allowing timely preventive strategies.
The researchers developed a tool called Muscle Age Acceleration (MAA), which measures how quickly an individual’s muscles are aging compared to their actual age. By analyzing physical performance tests and body composition in 215 healthy participants aged 50 to 90 years, the researchers found that about 25% of individuals experience accelerated muscle aging. These individuals had a higher probability of developing sarcopenia, despite appearing healthy and not yet having received a diagnosis of the condition.
Sarcopenia reduces muscle strength and physical performance, being a growing concern for older adults. It contributes to frailty, falls, and an increased risk of disability. Despite greater awareness, this condition often goes undetected until significant muscle loss occurs. This new muscular clock offers an opportunity to detect subtle changes in muscle health before they progress to more severe stages.
By using common tests such as handgrip strength, walking speed, and mobility assessments, the MAA tool can classify individuals as having accelerated, normal, or decelerated muscle aging. Those with accelerated muscle aging also showed small changes in blood markers, suggesting early and hidden inflammation linked to muscle decline. This finding indicates that MAA may act as both a predictor of muscle-related aging and an indicator of overall health risks.
“According to MAA, three trajectories were identified: accelerated agers displayed higher risk for sarcopenia (19%), as compared to normal (9%; p < 0.0001) and decelerated (2%; p < 0.0001), paralleled by significant subclinical alterations of haemato-chemical markers in accelerated agers.”
If validated in future studies, this innovative approach could transform how clinicians and caregivers screen for early signs of sarcopenia. Its simplicity makes it suitable for use in clinics and community settings, helping older adults maintain independence and quality of life as they age.
In summary, these findings highlight the importance of monitoring muscle health and physical performance in older adults. By detecting early signs of muscle aging with tools like MAA, interventions such as exercise and dietary changes can be introduced earlier, potentially delaying or preventing sarcopenia and its complications.
DOI - https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.206269
Corresponding author - Franca Deriu - deriuf@uniss.it
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