The Genetics Podcast

This week on The Genetics Podcast Patrick is joined by David Ochoa, Platform Coordinator at Open Targets. They discuss how the Open Targets platform is enabling game-changing collaboration between academic research and big pharma. Working with partners including Sanofi, GlaxoSmithKline, Bristol Myers Squibb, Genentech and Pfizer, Open Targets powers collaboration between some of the world’s biggest drug development pioneers and most renowned academic institutions with the goal of accelerating production of effective drug treatments.

In this episode of The Genetics Podcast, we welcome Dr. James Field, founder and CEO of LabGenius. Join us as we delve into LabGenius' cutting-edge approach that utilises machine learning, artificial intelligence, and sophisticated robotics to advance antibody discovery and drug development. As a bonus, learn about James’ path from scientist to CEO, and how he created LabGenius.

On this episode of The Genetics Podcast we welcome Dr. Barbara Kraatz Fortini, Associate Professor of Genetics at Keck Graduate Institute (KGI). Tune in to learn about Barbara's research on non-coding variants in colorectal cancer and the interplay between genetics and the environment on lifetime cancer risk. As the Program Director for the MS in Human Genetics and Genomic Data Analytics at KGI, Barbara also shares her insights in genomics education for future scientists, physicians, researchers, and counsellors. You don’t want to miss this riveting episode!

This week, we’re re-sharing one of our favorite episodes from the early days of The Genetics Podcast - one that many newer listeners may not have heard! Tune in as Professor Sir Rory Collins, Founder and Chief Executive of the UK Biobank, talks to us about the origins and evolution of this world-changing project that has catalysed a wave of new discoveries by levelling the playing field in data access. In this inspiring conversation, Professor Sir Rory Collins describes the ‘’If you build it, they will come get it” attitude of the UK Biobank. He believes that the pioneering and collaborative nature of UK Biobank means that the biggest impacts are yet to come. The conversation finishes with details on their COVID-19 work (as of 2020), which involved members from the original 500,000 strong UK Biobank cohort, as well as family members of these participants.

In this episode of The Genetics Podcast, we're joined by Dimitar Tonev, an experienced drug development consultant specialising in Hepatology and Virology. Tune in to discuss the recent reclassification of Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH) to Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD), and the complexities of identifying treatments for this condition. Dimitar sheds light on the pioneering role of non-invasive biomarkers and comments on the potential impacts of the Maestro study. Join us as we dive into the world of liver disease and drug development, touching upon the breakthroughs, challenges, and ethical considerations of clinical trials. For anyone interested in liver health innovations and the future of hepatology research, this episode is a must-listen.

In this episode of The Genetics Podcast, we welcome Dr. Konstantinos Lazaridis, the Executive Director of the Center for Individualized Medicine at the Mayo Clinic. Tune in to learn about the impacts of genomics and individualised medicine on rare liver diseases and advanced cancers . Discover how the Mayo Clinic actively uses genomic testing, precision medicine, and environmental interventions to improve patient outcomes.

Caroline Wright, leading expert in genomic medicine, discusses the challenges in rare disease diagnosis, uses of population cohorts, potential of newborn screening, and the importance of data sharing. Topics include missense variants, in silico protein structure analysis, ascertainment bias, and promising cohort studies for ultra-rare diseases. Caroline also shares her excitement for new genomics technologies and explores the significance of genetic variants.

In this episode, Patrick welcomes J. Warren Huff, CEO and Chairman of Reata Pharmaceuticals. Reata is known for innovating small-molecule therapies for severe and life-threatening diseases. Listen in as Warren walks us through their approach of partnering with Universities to find scientific discoveries that could become the next generation of therapies, and Reata’s recent success developing a groundbreaking new treatment for Friedreich’s Ataxia (FA), thanks to close collaboration with patient organizations and novel use of natural history data to accelerate their clinical development. 0:00 The beginnings of Reata 2:40 Partnering with universities for breakthroughs in research 5:30 Implications of cancer prevention research on chronic diseases 11:40 Potential concerns in medical ethics and Big Pharma when developing groundbreaking treatments 13:20 Research on NRF2 and its role in treating Friedreich’s Ataxia, a genetic mitochondrial disease that leads to motor neuron decline 18:00 What is a natural history study, and how was it used in Reata’s FA clinical development? 22:50 The potential for clinical grade wearable devices 23:35 Determining clinical endpoints in clinical trials 26:00 The FDA’s approval process for rare disease treatments 32:40 Potential for expanding newborn screening programs 36:00 The generalizability of NRF2-based research to other inflammatory diseases and diseases related to mitochondrial malfunction 39:40 What is Type 3 Diabetes? 40:30 Warren’s career start as a lawyer and his journey to biotech 43:00 Searching for provocative biology 46:20 Major targets for the HSP program 48:30 Closing remarks and lessons in resiliency

Join Patrick Short and Professor Clare Turnbull, Professor in Translational Cancer Genetics at the Institute of Cancer Research, as they discuss polygenic risk scores and their application in healthcare. Delve into the complexities of predicting disease, the challenges of screening programs, and the potential impact of integrating genomics into healthcare systems. Discover the limitations and potential of polygenic risk scores and gain valuable insights into the future of personalized medicine. 0:00 Intro 1:00 Clare’s path to becoming a clinical geneticist and her research in uncovering genetic links to cancer 3:20 How do Polygenic Risk Scores help to predict disease, particularly breast cancer? 10:00 The influence of environmental and genetic effects on breast cancer presentation 11:30 Next clinical steps after determining genetic risk for breast cancer 17:30 How effective and accurate are polygenic risk scores in predicting various types of cancer, given the potential for false positives or negatives? 25:00 The potential for integrating genetic screenings and polygenic risk scores into early cancer diagnosis 27:20 How do monogenic risk scores like BRCA 1 and 2 fit into the paradigm of cancer research? 31:30 Using both monogenic and polygenic to explain population prevalence of disease 35:00 Integration of genomics and genetic screenings into the UK healthcare system 40:30 What comes after the genetic test? What is the use in identifying risk for a disease if nothing is subsequently done to prevent it? 44:50 Clare’s upcoming work in remodeling NHS systems for evidence protocols and clinical use of genetic tests 46:50 Closing remarks

In this episode, Patrick is joined by Dr. Mike Severino, CEO of Tessera Therapeutics and CEO-Partner of Flagship Pioneering. Join us as Mike walks us through Tessera’s approach to treating genetic diseases by rewriting bases, exons, or even whole genes with a novel approach called Gene Writing. 0:00 Intro 1:00 What prompted you to join Flagship Pioneering? 3:32 How is Flagship able to innovate and invent novel therapies in ways that Big Pharma companies may find difficult? 5:00 Introduction to gene writing and the role of Tessera Therapeutics 8:22 The current limitations and challenges of gene writing 10:22 Gene knockouts vs gene writing – which is more useful for genetic therapies? 12:30 Reasons why the liver the most commonly targeted organ for gene therapies 19:00 Lipid Nanoparticles and their role in gene writing 22:45 How do you guide mobile genetic elements to write genes in the intended location? 25:20 Development of gene writing technology since 2018 28:15 The implications of gene writing for diseases like PKU, Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency, sickle cell disease, and cancer 34:00 Next steps on the way to clinical trials 36:46 Using genomics and computational biology to guide measurable outcomes in drug discovery and development 40:15 Using gene writing to address rare developmental diseases 43:32 Closing remarks