On the Ballot

On this episode: The Supreme Court’s 2025 term opens with a docket that could reshape trade, elections, civil rights, and executive power. Among the major cases: challenges to Trump-era tariffs that test the scope of presidential authority over economic policy, a Voting Rights Act dispute from Louisiana involving claims of racial gerrymandering, and a Title IX case on whether transgender students can participate in school sports. The justices will also confront questions about capital punishment and intellectual disability, the independence of federal agencies like the FTC and Federal Reserve, and the growing influence of the Court’s emergency docket.Zachary Shemtob, executive editor of SCOTUSblog, helps break down the key cases to watch, the broader trends shaping the Court’s work, and how this term’s decisions could have lasting consequences for law, politics, and governance in the United States.Read Shemtob’s analysis: https://www.scotusblog.com/author/zachary/ Learn more about the cases coming before the Supreme Court in the 2025-26 term: https://ballotpedia.org/Supreme_Court_cases,_October_term_2025-2026 Complete a brief 5 minute survey to review the show and share some feedback: https://forms.gle/zPxYSog5civyvEKX6 Sign up for our Newsletters: https://ballotpedia.org/Ballotpedia_Email_Updates Stream "On the Ballot" on Spotify or wherever you listen to podcasts. If you have questions, comments, or love for BP, feel free to reach out at ontheballot@ballotpedia.org or on X (formerly Twitter) @Ballotpedia.*On The Ballot is a conversational podcast featuring interviews with guests across the political spectrum. The views and opinions expressed by them are solely their own and are not representative of the views of the host or Ballotpedia as a whole.

On this episode: Alaska’s history with ballot measures stretches back before statehood and has produced some of the country’s most distinctive political experiments. In 1956, voters approved the “Tennessee Plan,” electing shadow representatives to lobby for statehood. In the 1970s, Alaskans twice approved relocating their capital out of Juneau—only to reject billion-dollar funding proposals that kept the government in place. And the Alaska Permanent Fund, established by voters in 1976, grew into an $80 billion investment fund that continues to pay annual dividends to residents.Ryan Byrne, Ballotpedia’s managing editor for ballot measures, joins Geoff Pallay to discuss these milestones along with Alaska’s recurring debates over its relationship with the federal government, the rise of ranked-choice voting, and the measures already slated for 2026—including campaign finance limits, psychedelic decriminalization, and another potential repeal of ranked-choice voting. Together, they highlight how Alaska’s ballot measures reflect the state’s independent political identity and its lasting impact on national reform debates.Learn more about Alaska: https://ballotpedia.org/Alaska_Ballot_Measures:_Historical_Ballot_Measures_Factbook Ballotpedia's Historical Ballot Measure Factbooks are out to document nearly 200 years of direct democracy in the United States — and you can find a crash course on each state coming MONTHLY — check out the series here: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLtP8LWIl9mMNHPEjGV4G235vMd8bOR1_4 Complete a brief 5 minute survey to review the show and share some feedback: https://forms.gle/zPxYSog5civyvEKX6 Sign up for our Newsletters: https://ballotpedia.org/Ballotpedia_Email_Updates Stream "On the Ballot" on Spotify or wherever you listen to podcasts. If you have questions, comments, or love for BP, feel free to reach out at ontheballot@ballotpedia.org or on X (formerly Twitter) @Ballotpedia.

On this episode: Senate Republicans pushed through a major change to how presidential nominees are confirmed, lowering the threshold to a simple majority and allowing many nominees to be approved in large groups rather than one by one. The change applies to more than 1,200 positions across the federal government, including ambassadors, U.S. attorneys, and military appointments. Supporters argue it will speed up confirmations and prevent backlogs that can stall an administration’s agenda. Critics warn it weakens Senate oversight, sidelines the minority party, and chips away at institutional norms designed to protect bipartisan cooperation.Roll Call reporter Ryan Tarinelli joins host Norman Leahy to explain what exactly changed, why Republicans chose this moment to act, how the move fits into a decade of similar Senate rule fights, and what it might mean for the future balance of power in Congress.There have been three other uses of the nuclear option in recent years, all of which affected how the confirmation process works in the Senate. In 2013, Senate Democrats used it to change the threshold to invoke cloture on non-Supreme Court nominations from 60 votes to 50 votes. The two other recent uses of the nuclear option occurred during Trump’s first administration. In 2017, Senate Republicans expanded Reid’s rule change from 2013 to include Supreme Court nominations. In 2019, Senate Republicans used the process to reduce the length of post-cloture debate on nominations from 30 hours to 2 hours.Read Tarinelli’s reporting: https://rollcall.com/2025/09/11/gop-changes-senate-rules-to-speed-some-confirmations/ Follow our coverage: https://news.ballotpedia.org/2025/09/12/senate-republicans-invoke-nuclear-option-to-change-nomination-rules/ Complete a brief 5 minute survey to review the show and share some feedback: https://forms.gle/zPxYSog5civyvEKX6 Sign up for our Newsletters: https://ballotpedia.org/Ballotpedia_Email_Updates Stream "On the Ballot" on Spotify or wherever you listen to podcasts. If you have questions, comments, or love for BP, feel free to reach out at ontheballot@ballotpedia.org or on X (formerly Twitter) @Ballotpedia.*On The Ballot is a conversational podcast featuring interviews with guests across the political spectrum. The views and opinions expressed by them are solely their own and are not representative of the views of the host or Ballotpedia as a whole.

On this episode: Congress faces another high-stakes deadline as the fiscal year draws to a close, and divisions over how to fund the government are coming to a head. Senate and House leaders are weighing their options as Democrats insist on health care provisions and other amendments, Republicans navigate internal disagreements, and President Trump’s influence continues to shape the standoff.  Burgess Everett, Congressional Bureau Chief for Semafor, joins the conversation to explain the shifting power dynamics between the House and Senate, how past shutdowns provide context for the current standoff, and what role party leaders like Mike Johnson and Chuck Schumer play in navigating these negotiations. The discussion explores the practical challenges of passing a continuing resolution, the vibes in Congress following Charlie Kirk’s assassination, the political risks of a shutdown, and how the outcome could influence both parties heading into the next election cycle.Read Burgess’ reporting: https://www.semafor.com/author/burgess-everett Here’s what happens when the government shuts down: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xmshB6WbQO8 Learn more about the last government shutdown: https://ballotpedia.org/116th_United_States_Congress#Noteworthy_events Complete a brief 5 minute survey to review the show and share some feedback: https://forms.gle/zPxYSog5civyvEKX6 Sign up for our Newsletters: https://ballotpedia.org/Ballotpedia_Email_Updates Stream "On the Ballot" on Spotify or wherever you listen to podcasts. If you have questions, comments, or love for BP, feel free to reach out at ontheballot@ballotpedia.org or on X (formerly Twitter) @Ballotpedia.*On The Ballot is a conversational podcast featuring interviews with guests across the political spectrum. The views and opinions expressed by them are solely their own and are not representative of the views of the host or Ballotpedia as a whole.

On this episode: CA voters will decide this fall whether to approve Proposition 50, a ballot measure that would amend the state’s constitution to temporarily suspend the state’s independent redistricting commission and replace its maps with new, partisan-drawn districts. Supporters, led by Governor Gavin Newsom and Democratic allies, argue the change is needed to counter mid-decade redistricting efforts in states like Texas and Florida. Opponents — including Republicans, good governance groups, and even former Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger — say the measure undermines reforms voters approved more than a decade ago. Maya C. Miller of CalMatters joins the show to explain how Prop 50 made it onto the ballot, what the campaigns for and against are emphasizing, and what polling suggests about its chances this November.Learn more about Prop 50: https://ballotpedia.org/California_Proposition_50,_Use_of_Legislative_Congressional_Redistricting_Map_Amendment_(2025) Read Miller’s reporting: https://calmatters.org/author/maya-miller/#latest-stories Complete a brief 5 minute survey to review the show and share some feedback: https://forms.gle/zPxYSog5civyvEKX6 Sign up for our Newsletters: https://ballotpedia.org/Ballotpedia_Email_Updates Stream "On the Ballot" on Spotify or wherever you listen to podcasts. If you have questions, comments, or love for BP, feel free to reach out at ontheballot@ballotpedia.org or on X (formerly Twitter) @Ballotpedia.*On The Ballot is a conversational podcast featuring interviews with guests across the political spectrum. The views and opinions expressed by them are solely their own and are not representative of the views of the host or Ballotpedia as a whole.

On this episode: Congress has returned from its summer recess, but the break has done little to ease the challenges on their plate. At the top of the agenda is a fast-approaching deadline to fund the government, with debates inside the Republican caucus shaping what kind of proposal might move forward. Democrats face their own set of pressures, balancing calls from within the party’s base for a tougher stance with concerns about being seen as responsible for a potential shutdown. These crosscurrents come at a moment when long-serving members like New York Democrat Jerry Nadler are beginning to step aside, raising broader questions about generational change and how leadership roles may shift in the coming years.Beyond the funding debate, lawmakers are also navigating how best to explain sweeping legislation to voters back home, a task complicated by the sheer size and scope of recent bills. Discussions around security funding for Washington, D.C., add another layer of complexity, as members weigh policy details alongside political considerations. And then, of course, there’s the ongoing public pressure for greater transparency in the Epstein saga.Together, these issues illustrate the crowded landscape on Capitol Hill and the many factors shaping the work of Congress this fall. POLITICO congressional reporter Nicholas Wu joins the show to help shed light on the hectic month ahead.  Check out some of our guest’s work: https://www.politico.com/staff/nicholas-wu Learn more about the latest in Congress: https://ballotpedia.org/119th_United_States_Congress Complete a brief 5 minute survey to review the show and share some feedback: https://forms.gle/zPxYSog5civyvEKX6 Sign up for our Newsletters: https://ballotpedia.org/Ballotpedia_Email_Updates Stream "On the Ballot" on Spotify or wherever you listen to podcasts. If you have questions, comments, or love for BP, feel free to reach out at ontheballot@ballotpedia.org or on X (formerly Twitter) @Ballotpedia.*On The Ballot is a conversational podcast featuring interviews with guests across the political spectrum. The views and opinions expressed by them are solely their own and are not representative of the views of the host or Ballotpedia as a whole.

On this episode: Ballotpedia CEO and founder Leslie Graves joins host Norm Leahy to share insights from a yearlong “virtual listening tour” with 100 school board members across 33 states. The conversations revealed struggles that rarely make headlines, including the challenges boards face in accessing reliable data on student achievement, how political tension bleeds into their work, the difficulty of moving past conflict, and the reality that most members are volunteers trying to balance limited time with big responsibilities. The story of these local officials underscores how much of American democracy happens far from the spotlight, and why understanding their struggles matters for anyone trying to make sense of our schools and politics.Read Leslie’s Column: https://ballotpedia.org/From_the_desk_of_Leslie_Graves Learn more about the tour: https://ballotpedia.org/Ballotpedia%27s_School_Board_Listening_Tour Complete a brief 5 minute survey to review the show and share some feedback: https://forms.gle/zPxYSog5civyvEKX6 Sign up for our Newsletters: https://ballotpedia.org/Ballotpedia_Email_Updates Stream "On the Ballot" on Spotify or wherever you listen to podcasts. If you have questions, comments, or love for BP, feel free to reach out at ontheballot@ballotpedia.org or on X (formerly Twitter) @Ballotpedia.*On The Ballot is a conversational podcast featuring interviews with guests across the political spectrum. The views and opinions expressed by them are solely their own and are not representative of the views of the host or Ballotpedia as a whole.

On this episode: Arizona has one of the most active ballot measure histories in the country, with nearly 500 measures decided since gaining statehood in 1912. The state has also considered more immigration-related measures than any other state, reflecting its role on the frontlines of national debates. Former Host Geoff Pallay returns for the latest installment of our Historical Ballot Measure Series with Ballotpedia’s Victoria Rose (also a former host!), discussing everything from judicial recall, approval rates across different types of measures, the closest contests, how Arizona’s initiative process to other states, and more — plus, proposals that may appear on the ballot in 2026.Explore Arizona’s Factbook here: https://ballotpedia.org/Arizona_Ballot_Measures:_Historical_Ballot_Measures_Factbook Learn more about Arizona’s ballot measure history:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oDGehqQo3RM Listen to our Historical Ballot Measure Series: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLtP8LWIl9mMNHPEjGV4G235vMd8bOR1_4 Complete a brief 5 minute survey to review the show and share some feedback: https://forms.gle/zPxYSog5civyvEKX6 Sign up for our Newsletters: https://ballotpedia.org/Ballotpedia_Email_Updates Stream "On the Ballot" on Spotify or wherever you listen to podcasts. If you have questions, comments, or love for BP, feel free to reach out at ontheballot@ballotpedia.org or on X (formerly Twitter) @Ballotpedia.*On The Ballot is a conversational podcast featuring interviews with guests across the political spectrum. The views and opinions expressed by them are solely their own and are not representative of the views of the host or Ballotpedia as a whole.

On this episode: The Federal Reserve has been at the center of America’s biggest economic turning points for more than a century as one of the country’s most powerful institutions. Former Richmond Fed President Jeffrey Lacker joins host Norm Leahy to trace that story—from the banking panics that led to its creation in 1913 to JP Morgan’s role in corralling Wall Street leaders. He explains how Congress set up 12 regional reserve banks, why the Fed’s role shifted during the Great Depression and World War II, and how the 1951 Treasury-Fed Accord cemented its independence. Lacker also shares how presidents from Lyndon Johnson to Richard Nixon tried to influence Fed decisions, and why Paul Volcker’s fight against inflation in the late 1970s remains a defining moment. Today’s debates over the Fed’s authority, independence, and accountability echo all the way back to the Reserve’s founding — and learning its history can help make sense of where the institution may go in the months and years ahead.Learn more about our guest: https://www.jeffreylacker.org/ Learn more about the Federal Reserve: https://ballotpedia.org/Federal_Reserve_System Complete a brief 5 minute survey to review the show and share some feedback: https://forms.gle/zPxYSog5civyvEKX6 Sign up for our Newsletters: https://ballotpedia.org/Ballotpedia_Email_Updates Stream "On the Ballot" on Spotify or wherever you listen to podcasts. If you have questions, comments, or love for BP, feel free to reach out at ontheballot@ballotpedia.org or on X (formerly Twitter) @Ballotpedia.*On The Ballot is a conversational podcast featuring interviews with guests across the political spectrum. The views and opinions expressed by them are solely their own and are not representative of the views of the host or Ballotpedia as a whole.

On this episode: Louis Jacobson, senior columnist for Sabato’s Crystal Ball, explains why the 2026 secretary of state elections could be among the most important contests of the cycle. In most states, secretaries of state oversee elections, giving them direct influence over how voting is administered and results are certified. With 26 seats on the ballot—including key battlegrounds such as Arizona, Michigan, Nevada, Wisconsin, and Georgia—these races could shape the rules and practices of future elections. Jacobson outlines how responsibilities differ from state to state, why the offices have drawn more national attention in recent years, and previews the forthcoming 2026 edition of the Almanac of American Politics, a comprehensive resource on American government and elections.Read Jacobson’s overview of the races: https://centerforpolitics.org/crystalball/previewing-the-2026-secretary-of-state-races/ Complete a brief 5 minute survey to review the show and share some feedback: https://forms.gle/zPxYSog5civyvEKX6 Sign up for our Newsletters: https://ballotpedia.org/Ballotpedia_Email_Updates Stream "On the Ballot" on Spotify or wherever you listen to podcasts. If you have questions, comments, or love for BP, feel free to reach out at ontheballot@ballotpedia.org or on X (formerly Twitter) @Ballotpedia.*On The Ballot is a conversational podcast featuring interviews with guests across the political spectrum. The views and opinions expressed by them are solely their own and are not representative of the views of the host or Ballotpedia as a whole.