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Into the Impossible With Brian Keating

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May 28, 2023 • 1h 10min

Felix Flicker: The Magic of Physics on The Into The Impossible Podcast (#318)

Watch the video of this episode here: https://youtu.be/AJJGv-5Rk4I #CondensedMatter #superconductors #quantummechanicsThe tagline for our podcast by Arthur C. Clarke is “Any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from magic”. Theoretical physicist Felix Flicker’s imaginative new book The Magick of Physics provides ample service to that notion. In Flicker’s book the magic is in “condensed matter physics”, the quotidian solids, liquids, and gasses that surround us—and the more exotic matter— which form the foundations for our electronic lives, and may hold the keys to a transformed future, from quantum computing to real-life invisibility cloaks.Flicker finds magic in real physics like creating new particles which never existed before, and making crystals that shoot out light that can cut through metal.Using metaphors of wizards, infinite libraries, staffs and wands, the book has a compelling narrative that circumvents the need for equations and charts, yet conveys real, practical knowledge.Felix Flicker is a lecturer at Cardiff University in the School of Physics and Astronomy. He holds an MPhys in physics from St Catherine’s College, Oxford, and received his PhD in theoretical condensed matter physics from the University of Bristol in 2015. He has published in both Nature and Science. Felix has trained in Kung Fu for twenty years and has been an instructor for fifteen years. He is the former British Champion of Shuai Jiao (Chinese wrestling), and a student of Shodo (Japanese calligraphy) and sailing.www.felixflicker.comBuy The Magick of Physics: Uncovering the Fantastical Phenomena in Everyday Life https://a.co/d/2JtuhM1 00:00:00 Intro 00:02:30 Judging the book by its cover 00:07:10 What is the philosopher's stone? 00:09:20 The announcement by Ranga Diass of the development of a room temperature superconductor at the March 2023 meeting of the American Physical Society of 10,000 scientists. 00:15:45 What qualifies as a legit superconducting material? Why is ultra-high pressure an issue? 00:19:00 What is the significance of condensed matter physics and why should a scientist consider pursuing it? The elevator pitch. 00:25:50 The glory of room temperature superconductors 00:28:25 Felix’s journey through martial arts, calligraphy and tea. 00:33:45 Tea and phase transitions 00:41:54 How does physics go from theory to practice? 00:49:00 Why are knots important in condensed matter physics? Topological quantum computation! 00:56:00 Existential questions - What are your choices for the most magical or impressive scientific fact(s)? Phonons! Subscribe to the Jordan Harbinger Show for amazing content from Apple’s best podcast of 2018! https://www.jordanharbinger.com/podcasts  Please leave a rating and review: On Apple devices, click here, https://apple.co/39UaHlB On Spotify it’s here: https://spoti.fi/3vpfXok On Audible it’s here https://tinyurl.com/wtpvej9v  Find other ways to rate here: https://briankeating.com/podcast Support the podcast on Patreon https://www.patreon.com/drbriankeating  or become a Member on YouTube- https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCmXH_moPhfkqCk6S3b9RWuw/join To advertise with us, contact advertising@airwavemedia.com Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
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7 snips
May 23, 2023 • 1h 20min

Fighter Pilot's Stealth Secrets to DOMINATION: Hasard Lee: The Into the Impossible Podcast (#317)

#F35 #StealthFighter #HasardLee"Being able to regulate your emotions, regulate your stress, your self-talk is really important. The Air Force has moved to this human performance aspect -- all pilots, as soon as they show up, they start this sports psychology training that we've adapted to flying fighters and that carries with them throughout their career." — Hasard LeeIn his first book, The Art of Clear Thinking, veteran USAF F-35 Stealth Fighter Pilot Hasard Lee distills what he’s learned during his career flying some of the Air Force’s most advanced aircraft. With gripping firsthand accounts from his time as a fighter pilot and fascinating turning points throughout history. As a fighter pilot, Hasard believes that his primary task is good decision-making, and he believes that with the amplification of technology, that skill is more important than ever before. In the book, Hasard reveals powerful decision-making principles that can be used in business and in life.Hasard spent his career flying both the F-16 and F-35. In 2016, he was selected as the 'Top Instructor Pilot of the Year' for the Air Force's largest F-16 Combat Wing. In 2017, he returned from Afghanistan where his squadron dropped the most ordnance since the opening days of the war. He's flown 82 combat missions and has 4 Air Medals.​Hasard has the distinction of being the only fighter pilot to ever employ two different types of jets in combat on the same day.Hasard has one of the largest defense channels on YouTube with over 100 million views find him @HasardLee Transcript and additional resources here: https://app.castmagic.io/share/9f2615b9-d1ef-449f-b93f-df3dd3abf884Subscribe to the Jordan Harbinger Show for amazing content from Apple’s best podcast of 2018! https://www.jordanharbinger.com/podcasts Please leave a rating and review: On Apple devices, click here, https://apple.co/39UaHlB On Spotify it’s here: https://spoti.fi/3vpfXok On Audible it’s here https://tinyurl.com/wtpvej9v  Find other ways to rate here: https://briankeating.com/podcast Support the podcast on Patreon https://www.patreon.com/drbriankeating  or become a Member on YouTube- https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCmXH_moPhfkqCk6S3b9RWuw/join To advertise with us, contact advertising@airwavemedia.com Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
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May 17, 2023 • 1h 16min

RED FLAGS! Room Temperature Superconductor or FRAUD? Jorge Hirsch on the INTO THE IMPOSSIBLE Podcast (#316)

Video version of this episode: https://youtu.be/cAMSoAUo288UC San Diego Physics Professor Jorge Hirsch......joins Professor Brian Keating to discuss recent claimed a breakthrough in high-temperature superconductors, including claims they work at near ambient pressure and temperature.Here come cheap magnetic levitating trains, low-loss power distribution, free MRI scanners in every clinic…. Or not?Watch my solo episode about the controversial claims here:  https://youtu.be/hbER0AnwXD4Since the discovery of superconductors in 1911 by Heike Kamerlingh Onnes, earning the 1913 Nobel Prize in Physics, they have been the subject of much fascination and inquiry. Some of the greatest minds in physics have grappled with how superconductivity works to drive electrical resistance to 0.The 1972 Nobel prize in Physics was awarded to John Bardeen, Leon Neil Cooper, and John Robert Schrieffer "for their BCS theory of superconductivity. Now the race is on to get the highest temperature superconductor possible; another Nobel Prize was awarded just for getting the temperature up to 35K or -396 Fahrenheit!Superconducting has remained impractical, until now... Maybe! The HUGE claim: zero resistance, at temperatures up to 65 degrees Fahrenheit. Is it a scientific breakthrough, or is it very probably fraud?The Nature Paper: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-023-05742-0Key Concepts: Superconductors are materials that conduct electricity without resistance. Room-temperature superconductors would have a wide range of potential applications, including in power transmission, medical imaging, and quantum computing. The researchers at the University of Rochester claim to have discovered a room-temperature superconductor. However, there are some concerns about the validity of the research. It is too early to say whether the discovery is a breakthrough or a fraud. Subscribe to the Jordan Harbinger Show for amazing content from Apple’s best podcast of 2018! https://www.jordanharbinger.com/podcasts Please leave a rating and review: On Apple devices, click here, https://apple.co/39UaHlB On Spotify it’s here: https://spoti.fi/3vpfXok On Audible it’s here https://tinyurl.com/wtpvej9v  Find other ways to rate here: https://briankeating.com/podcast Support the podcast on Patreon https://www.patreon.com/drbriankeating  or become a Member on YouTube- https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCmXH_moPhfkqCk6S3b9RWuw/join To advertise with us, contact advertising@airwavemedia.com Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
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May 10, 2023 • 55min

The Known Unknowns: Exploring the Humbling Universe | Lawrence Krauss | Part 2 (#315b)

Lawrence Krauss is an internationally known theoretical physicist, bestselling author, and acclaimed lecturer. He is currently President of The Origins Project Foundation, and host of The Origins Podcast. In this episode Professor Krauss discusses his 10th and most recent book: The Edge of Knowledge: Unsolved Mysteries of the Cosmos.The book challenges readers to explore the limits of what we know, and possibly what is even knowable! Can science ever explain the mysteries of time, space, matter, the origin of life, and the nature of consciousness? Lawrence addresses these challenges head on while also celebrating how far we have come in understanding the universe. Professor Krauss reminds us tha not knowing implies a universe of opportunities with the possibility of discovery and surprise. In the episode Dr. Krauss has much to say about the risks of AI, astrobiology, the pursuit of a theory of everything, and where science can take us. He reveals his motivations for writing this latest book, and his deep concerns for the current state of academic freedom. As an accomplished scientist with over 500 publications, Lawrence Krauss has focused on the interface between elementary particle physics and cosmology, including the origin and evolution of the Universe and the fundamental structure of matter. Among his numerous important scientific contributions was the proposal, in 1995, that most of the energy of the Universe resided in empty space. Krauss previously served as Director of Arizona State University's Origins Project, and Foundation Professor for a decade from 2008-2018, and also as Chair of the Board of Sponsors of the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists from 2006-2018. During his career Prof. Krauss has held endowed professorships and distinguished research appointments at institutions including Harvard University, Yale University, University of Chicago, Boston University, University of Zurich, University of California at Santa Barbara, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, the European Center for Nuclear Research (CERN), Case Western Reserve University, Australian National University, Arizona State University, and New College of Humanities. He has written 10 popular books, including the international best-sellers, The Physics of Star Trek and A Universe from Nothing.   https://originsproject.org/ https://www.lawrencemkrauss.com/ https://twitter.com/LKrauss The Edge of Knowledge: Unsolved Mysteries of the Cosmos: https://t.co/BD18qnTxtq The Cosmological Constant Paper by Dr. Krauss: https://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/9504003 Subscribe to the Jordan Harbinger Show for amazing content from Apple’s best podcast of 2018! https://www.jordanharbinger.com/podcasts Please leave a rating and review: On Apple devices, click here, https://apple.co/39UaHlB On Spotify it’s here: https://spoti.fi/3vpfXok On Audible it’s here https://tinyurl.com/wtpvej9v  Find other ways to rate here: https://briankeating.com/podcast Support the podcast on Patreon https://www.patreon.com/drbriankeating or become a Member on YouTube- https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCmXH_moPhfkqCk6S3b9RWuw/join To advertise with us, contact advertising@airwavemedia.com Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
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May 9, 2023 • 1h 5min

The Known Unknowns: Exploring the Humbling Universe | Lawrence Krauss | Part 1 (#315a)

Lawrence Krauss is an internationally known theoretical physicist, bestselling author, and acclaimed lecturer. He is currently President of The Origins Project Foundation, and host of The Origins Podcast. In this episode Professor Krauss discusses his 10th and most recent book: The Edge of Knowledge: Unsolved Mysteries of the Cosmos.The book challenges readers to explore the limits of what we know, and possibly what is even knowable! Can science ever explain the mysteries of time, space, matter, the origin of life, and the nature of consciousness? Lawrence addresses these challenges head on while also celebrating how far we have come in understanding the universe. Professor Krauss reminds us tha not knowing implies a universe of opportunities with the possibility of discovery and surprise. In the episode Dr. Krauss has much to say about the risks of AI, astrobiology, the pursuit of a theory of everything, and where science can take us. He reveals his motivations for writing this latest book, and his deep concerns for the current state of academic freedom. As an accomplished scientist with over 500 publications, Lawrence Krauss has focused on the interface between elementary particle physics and cosmology, including the origin and evolution of the Universe and the fundamental structure of matter. Among his numerous important scientific contributions was the proposal, in 1995, that most of the energy of the Universe resided in empty space. Krauss previously served as Director of Arizona State University's Origins Project, and Foundation Professor for a decade from 2008-2018, and also as Chair of the Board of Sponsors of the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists from 2006-2018. During his career Prof. Krauss has held endowed professorships and distinguished research appointments at institutions including Harvard University, Yale University, University of Chicago, Boston University, University of Zurich, University of California at Santa Barbara, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, the European Center for Nuclear Research (CERN), Case Western Reserve University, Australian National University, Arizona State University, and New College of Humanities. He has written 10 popular books, including the international best-sellers, The Physics of Star Trek and A Universe from Nothing.   https://originsproject.org/ https://www.lawrencemkrauss.com/ https://twitter.com/LKrauss The Edge of Knowledge: Unsolved Mysteries of the Cosmos: https://t.co/BD18qnTxtq The Cosmological Constant Paper by Dr. Krauss: https://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/9504003 Subscribe to the Jordan Harbinger Show for amazing content from Apple’s best podcast of 2018! https://www.jordanharbinger.com/podcasts Please leave a rating and review: On Apple devices, click here, https://apple.co/39UaHlB On Spotify it’s here: https://spoti.fi/3vpfXok On Audible it’s here https://tinyurl.com/wtpvej9v  Find other ways to rate here: https://briankeating.com/podcast Support the podcast on Patreon https://www.patreon.com/drbriankeating or become a Member on YouTube- https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCmXH_moPhfkqCk6S3b9RWuw/join To advertise with us, contact advertising@airwavemedia.com Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
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May 3, 2023 • 54min

Brian Keating on the Jordan Harbinger Show (#314)

Brian Keating (@DrBrianKeating) is a professor of physics and astronomy at the University of California San Diego, host of the Into the Impossible podcast, and the author of Losing the Nobel Prize: A Story of Cosmology, Ambition, and the Perils of Science's Highest Honor.What Jordan Harbinger discusses with Brian Keating: What compelled dynamite inventor Alfred Nobel to annually reward outstanding contributions for humanity, and how would he feel about the way Nobel prizes are awarded today? What is an ethical will, and why should you make sure you have one in place sooner rather than later? How accolades like the Nobel prize and the Academy Awards have taken on outsized importance in their respective fields in spite of being selected arbitrarily by an anointed few - with sometimes deadly consequences. How Brian turned around surface losses like getting fired from an academic dream job and missing his shot at the Nobel prize from disasters into catalysts of great happiness. How you can have a chance at winning a fragment of the 4.3-billion-year-old supernova that created Earth and the hemoglobin in your blood! And much more... Full show notes and resources can be found here: https://jordanharbinger.com/347 Subscribe to the Jordan Harbinger Show for amazing content from Apple’s best podcast of 2018! https://www.jordanharbinger.com/podcasts Please leave a rating and review: On Apple devices, click here, https://apple.co/39UaHlB On Spotify it’s here: https://spoti.fi/3vpfXok On Audible it’s here https://tinyurl.com/wtpvej9v  Find other ways to rate here: https://briankeating.com/podcast Support the podcast on Patreon https://www.patreon.com/drbriankeating or become a Member on YouTube- https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCmXH_moPhfkqCk6S3b9RWuw/join To advertise with us, contact advertising@airwavemedia.com Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
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Apr 26, 2023 • 1h 12min

Brian Keating on the Modern Wisdom Podcast with Chris Williamson (#313)

In this interview with Chris Williamson on the Modern Wisdom Podcast, Brian Keating talks about what it takes to build a telescope that can detect the farthest regions of space in the Antarctic, what the Nobel Prize originally set out to achieve and how the politics of the physics community can often get in the way of progress. He discusses his book Losing The Nobel Prize and his motivations for writing it. Subscribe to the Jordan Harbinger Show for amazing content from Apple’s best podcast of 2018! https://www.jordanharbinger.com/podcasts Please leave a rating and review: On Apple devices, click here, https://apple.co/39UaHlB On Spotify it’s here: https://spoti.fi/3vpfXok On Audible it’s here https://tinyurl.com/wtpvej9v  Find other ways to rate here: https://briankeating.com/podcast Support the podcast on Patreon https://www.patreon.com/drbriankeating or become a Member on YouTube- https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCmXH_moPhfkqCk6S3b9RWuw/join To advertise with us, contact advertising@airwavemedia.com Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
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Apr 23, 2023 • 1h 29min

Marc Kamionkowski: Crises In Cosmology (#312)

Watch the video of this episode here:  https://youtu.be/RVLMnBsJgKI?=sub_confirmation=1 Marc Kamionkowski is a theoretical physicist, who’s research is in cosmology, astrophysics, and elementary-particle theory. His main focus has been on particle dark matter, inflation the cosmic microwave background, and cosmic acceleration. His 1999 paper, A Polarization Pursuer’s Guide inspired Professor Keating to create the BICEP experiment. He is the William R. Kenan, Jr. Professor of Physics at Johns Hopkins University. 00:00:00 intro 00:04:39 The BICEP 2 Press Conference St. Patrick’s Day 2014 and how Professor Kamionkowski inspired the BICEP collaboration and the story of the well known cosmology paper: A Polarization Pursuers' Guide, 1999 ( https://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/9909281 ), the inspiration for BICEP.  00:06:58 Did you realized the implications of your paper for telescope design at the time? Marks’s proposition to measure the amplitude of primordial gravitational waves, even with a small aperture telescope. The origins of BICEP and the Simons Observatory. 00:15:40 Optical surveys are still a cornerstone of observational cosmology like weak gravitational lensing and comparisons to E/ B mode curl components measurements. 00:28:50 Is a theory of everything possible? Are physicists “lost in math”? What to you think make good mathematical models? Little attention has been given to alternatives to symmetries in string / super-symmetry theories which have not been productive? Behold the examples of Bohr and Balmer’s formula and the breakthroughs of the 20th century. The luck of 20th Century Physics. The price tags and time scales are much bigger now. Don’t abandon the notion of symmetry!  00:34:53 The cosmological principle; should it go away? What would you do if it did? All models are approximations. We have good descriptions. 00:41:00 The social contagion of Eric Lerner and the controversy over the refutation of the Big Bang Theory. https://iai.tv/articles/the-big-bang-didnt-happen-auid-2215 Does it make you re-evaluate the standard model of the Universe? 00:45:5l0 About the Hubble Tension. What is it? Why worry? Or not! 00:56:00 Professor Kamionkowski’s explanation of early Dark Energy and his 2018 paper. 00:59:10 Anti-helium and anti-matter clouds 01:01:10 What theoretical physics “crisis” or anomalies should we most focus on? How do you choose? Let’s not all focus on the same problems! What about the cosmic optical background found by the New Horizons Long Range Reconnaissance Imager? 01:10:35 Is there an Axion Persurer’s Guide to be written? 01:12:00 What is the status of the theory of Inflation and where will it go? A field Marc helped initiate. 01:17:50 First existential question: What would you put on your monolith? 01:21:20 What have you changed you mind about? Subscribe to the Jordan Harbinger Show for amazing content from Apple’s best podcast of 2018! https://www.jordanharbinger.com/podcasts Please leave a rating and review: On Apple devices, click here, https://apple.co/39UaHlB On Spotify it’s here: https://spoti.fi/3vpfXok On Audible it’s here https://tinyurl.com/wtpvej9v  Find other ways to rate here: https://briankeating.com/podcast Support the podcast on Patreon https://www.patreon.com/drbriankeating or become a Member on YouTube- https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCmXH_moPhfkqCk6S3b9RWuw/join To advertise with us, contact advertising@airwavemedia.com Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
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5 snips
Apr 11, 2023 • 1h 3min

Sir Roger Penrose | The Emperor’s New Mind: Consciousness & Computer | INTO THE IMPOSSIBLE Podcast (#311)

Watch the video of this episode here: https://youtu.be/5Ag6jpvIa2w?=sub_confirmation=1 On 6 October 2020 The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences has awarded the 2020 #NobelPrize in Physics with one half to Roger Penrose and the other half jointly to Reinhard Genzel and Andrea Ghez.I was delighted to have had this chance to discuss life, physics and everything with my friend Sir Roger Penrose, who endorsed my book Losing the Nobel Prize back in 2018. Well, now Sir Roger has WON the Nobel Prize.We discussed the first popular science book your host Professor Keating ever read: The Emperor's New Mind: Concerning Computers, Minds, and the Laws of Physics https://amzn.to/306hUG1 and Shadows of the Mind: A Search for the Missing Science of Consciousness https://amzn.to/2QFbt9MSir Roger Penrose OM FRS (born 8 August 1931) is an English mathematical physicist, mathematician and philosopher of science. He is Emeritus Rouse Ball Professor of Mathematics in the University of Oxford, an emeritus fellow of Wadham College, Oxford and an honorary fellow of St John's College, Cambridge.Penrose has made contributions to the mathematical physics of general relativity and cosmology. He has received several prizes and awards, including the 1988 Wolf Prize for physics, which he shared with Stephen Hawking for the Penrose–Hawking singularity theorems.Penrose sat down with Professor Brian Keating to discuss artificial intelligence, consciousness, cosmology, and the many fascinating developments in physics since the publication of The Emperor’s New Mind in 1989.Additional Talks by Sir Roger Penrose: Conformal Cyclic Cosmology: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zt1WH_SkazQ&t=2284s New Theory of Dark Matter: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xlSMME-Cl5g Physics and Fantasy: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aaIdJMxP6bA www.twitter.com/RogerPenrosePhy Summary of Professor Prenrose Concepts from Think Like A Nobel Prize Winner: https://briankeating.com/roger_penrose.php Subscribe to the Jordan Harbinger Show for amazing content from Apple’s best podcast of 2018! https://www.jordanharbinger.com/podcasts Please leave a rating and review: On Apple devices, click here, https://apple.co/39UaHlB On Spotify it’s here: https://spoti.fi/3vpfXok On Audible it’s here https://tinyurl.com/wtpvej9v  Find other ways to rate here: https://briankeating.com/podcast Support the podcast on Patreon https://www.patreon.com/drbriankeating or become a Member on YouTube- https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCmXH_moPhfkqCk6S3b9RWuw/join To advertise with us, contact advertising@airwavemedia.com Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
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Apr 9, 2023 • 2h 9min

“I only had 30 minutes to Invent Eternal Inflation!” Andrei Linde | INTO THE IMPOSSIBLE Podcast (#310)

Please support the podcast by taking our short listener survey: https://www.surveymonkey.com/r/intotheimpossible Watch the video of this episode here: https://youtu.be/Qq2OgL8Hb6o?=sub_confirmation=1 Andrei Linde is one of the main authors of inflationary cosmology. At present, it is the leading candidate for the theory of the very early stages of expansion of the universe and formation of its large scale structure. In this podcast Linde will describe some of the popular versions of this theory, as well as observational evidence it favor of inflationary cosmology.We also discuss Andrei’s career, the big problems in cosmology, and how Andrei invented eternal chaotic inflation which can lead to a universe which is constantly inflating, where new universes are constantly being created.Eternal inflation is a theory that states that the universe is constantly inflating, and that new universes are constantly being created. Here's his 1986 paper about it ETERNAL CHAOTIC INFLATION http://cds.cern.ch/record/167897/files/CM-P00066672.pdfProfessor Linde’s seminal book PARTICLE PHYSICS AND INFLATIONARY COSMOLOGY is available in PDF format: https://arxiv.org/pdf/hep-th/0503203.pdfHere are some past episodes that complement this one: Anna Ijjas: Bouncing cosmology https://youtu.be/aGlLjq4OcmE Will Kinney: An Infinity of Worlds https://youtu.be/iDsqy9QVGoI Neil Turok Endless Universes: https://youtu.be/Dt5cFLN65fI Note there are a number of alternative theories to cosmic inflation. Some of the most popular alternatives include: The ekpyrotic universe: This theory suggests that the universe began in a state of contraction, rather than expansion. The contraction would have eventually led to a singularity, at which point the universe would have bounced back into expansion. The cyclic universe: This theory is similar to the ekpyrotic universe, but it suggests that the universe goes through a series of cycles of contraction and expansion. The varying-speed-of-light universe: This theory suggests that the speed of light was not constant in the early universe. If this is true, it could explain how the universe could have expanded rapidly without violating the laws of physics. The string gas universe: This theory suggests that the early universe was filled with a gas of strings. The strings would have interacted with each other, causing the universe to expand rapidly. Subscribe to the Jordan Harbinger Show for amazing content from Apple’s best podcast of 2018! https://www.jordanharbinger.com/podcasts Please leave a rating and review: On Apple devices, click here, https://apple.co/39UaHlB On Spotify it’s here: https://spoti.fi/3vpfXok On Audible it’s here https://tinyurl.com/wtpvej9v  Find other ways to rate here: https://briankeating.com/podcast Support the podcast on Patreon https://www.patreon.com/drbriankeating or become a Member on YouTube- https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCmXH_moPhfkqCk6S3b9RWuw/join To advertise with us, contact advertising@airwavemedia.com Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

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