99% Invisible

Exploring the origins and limitations of the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale, the evolving technology in hurricane forecasting, and the ongoing debate on whether a Category 6 should be added to the scale to account for stronger and more frequent storms.

Phil Corbett, a reporter for The Wind, dives into the chaotic world of leaf blowers in Los Angeles. He discusses their environmental backlash versus the economic realities for local gardeners dependent on these tools. The conversation highlights the dramatic hunger strike by gardeners fighting against a strict ban, showcasing their determination to protect their livelihoods. Corbett also examines societal views on yard aesthetics, challenging traditional notions of beauty in landscaping compared to natural gardens, all amidst ongoing legislative battles.

Gabrielle Bourbet is a sharp-eyed reporter who uncovered factual inaccuracies in Supreme Court rulings on gun control, while Allison Or Larson, a law professor at William and Mary, dissects the Court’s decision-making process. They discuss how historical laws challenge contemporary rulings and the critical role of amicus curiae briefs in shaping legal outcomes. The conversation highlights the evolution of legal arguments, the influence of advocacy groups like Moms Demand Action, and the necessity for precision in judicial interpretations, all while navigating the complex legacy of the Brandeis brief.

Jamie Allen, the visionary behind the Central Park squirrel census, shares the fascinating journey of counting NYC's eastern gray squirrels. Highlights include quirky tales of squirrels causing comical power outages and how one even influenced a technical glitch on Wall Street. Allen dives into the historical context of squirrels in urban settings and discusses their ecological role as invasive species. The conversation also touches on the delicate balance between urban wildlife and human interaction, showcasing the importance of connecting with nature.

Jake Berman, the author of "The Lost Subways of North America," dives into the fascinating yet overlooked history of urban transit in North America. He reveals how cities like Los Angeles once thrived with electric rail systems and what led to their downfall, from political dysfunction to racial dynamics. Berman discusses how community support is vital for public transit success, contrasts U.S. and Canadian approaches to urban planning, and highlights Vancouver’s innovative solutions like the SkyTrain as a beacon of hope for future transit revitalization.

Brandy Zadrozny, a Senior reporter at NBC News specializing in misinformation and conspiracy theories, joins the discussion. She shares insights on the intricate relationship between journalism and power as explored in Robert Caro's 'The Power Broker.' They tackle the art of investigative storytelling and the ongoing challenges of misinformation in society today. Additionally, they delve into the emotional dynamics of power through historical figures, shedding light on the darker aspects of urban development and the pressing need for accountability in governance.

Chris Berube, a producer known for his deep dives into design and culture, brings fascinating insights into the world of jetpacks. The conversation explores the dream and reality of personal flight, tracing the jetpack's rise and fall from Cold War military aspirations to its cultural significance in cartoons and public demonstrations. Berube shares anecdotes about the challenges and thrills of early jetpack technology, and the eventual decline in public interest despite advancements, revealing the paradox of human curiosity and innovation.

Join David Weinberg, a longtime reporter, and Buffalo Bob Smith, the iconic host of the Howdy Doody Show, as they dive into the colorful world of 1950s children's television. They discuss how the show defined childhood experiences, the innovative marketing campaigns that engaged young viewers, and Buffalo Bob's surprising dual life as a liquor store owner. The conversation also touches on the show's rise and fall, reflecting on its legacy and the transformation of television content for kids.

Lasha Madan, a reporter with a focus on environmental issues, discusses the critical decline of vulture populations in India and its impact on the Parsi community's death rituals. The conversation reveals the emotional and logistical challenges faced by conservationists, especially during the COVID-19 lockdown. They explore the interdependencies between vultures, public health, and local economies while highlighting ongoing efforts to protect these vital scavengers. The episode also examines how urbanization threatens vulture habitats and the broader ecological consequences of their decline.

Gillian Jacobs, known for her role in "Community," dives into the fascinating story of Mr. Yuk, the iconic green sticker designed to deter children from hazardous substances. She shares her Pittsburgh pride in this mascot of poison prevention and the nostalgic feelings it evokes. The conversation also touches on how Mr. Yuk became a cultural symbol for safety, revealing the challenges of communicating dangers like radioactive waste to future generations. Jacobs brings humor and insight to this essential topic of children's safety and environmental responsibility.