

The Theory of Anything
Bruce Nielson and Peter Johansen
A podcast that explores the unseen and surprising connections between nearly everything, with special emphasis on intelligence and the search for Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) through the lens of Karl Popper's Theory of Knowledge.
David Deutsch argued that Quantum Mechanics, Darwinian Evolution, Karl Popper's Theory of Knowledge, and Computational Theory (aka "The Four Strands") represent an early 'theory of everything' be it science, philosophy, computation, religion, politics, or art. So we explore everything.
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David Deutsch argued that Quantum Mechanics, Darwinian Evolution, Karl Popper's Theory of Knowledge, and Computational Theory (aka "The Four Strands") represent an early 'theory of everything' be it science, philosophy, computation, religion, politics, or art. So we explore everything.
Support us on Patreon:
https://www.patreon.com/brucenielson/membership
Episodes
Mentioned books

Mar 15, 2021 • 1h 3min
Episode 18: Idea Development through Error Correction
Bruce and Cameo talk to Bart Vanderhaegen about how his consulting company, Pactify, implements Karl Popper's epistemology in a work environment. His process involves generating new ideas at any level of the organization and then developing those ideas via error correction until they solve the problem in an optimal way.
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Mar 1, 2021 • 1h 16min
Episode 17: Shiri's Scissor: Polarization and Politics
Political polarization is dangerously on the rise. People feel uncomfortable speaking out so they seek comfortable echo chambers that reinforce their views, making them even less capable of interacting with alternative opinions.
In this episode Cameo and Bruce talk about the fictional story "Shiri's Scissor" which is about a machine learning algorithm that creates polarization. When the algorithm accidentally escapes into the wild it polarizes the nation and starts to destroy it. The story strikes all too close to reality at times due to the role machine learning played in creating our polarized environment on social media and elsewhere.
But what can we do about this problem? How can it be addressed?
If you are enjoying this show, please retweet us and give us a 5-Star Review.
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Feb 15, 2021 • 1h
Episode 16: Radical Candor - How to Give Effective Criticism
Karl Popper's philosophy is often heavily associated with the concept of "criticism." But most people don't react well to criticism. Why is that? Should you just give criticism whether people want to hear it or not?
Kim Scott's book "Radical Candor" answers this question with some surprising answers. In part 1 we went over the motivations for and basic framework for Scott's approach. In this episode, we get into the details of how to set up a culture of criticism that will be actually effective.
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Youtube version with optional visuals

Feb 1, 2021 • 55min
Episode 15: Radical Candor - Giving Criticism In a Business Environment
Karl Popper's philosophy is often summarized as "Conjecture and Refutation." It's also heavily associated with the concept of "criticism." But most people don't react well to criticism. Why is that? Should you just give criticism whether people want to hear it or not?
Kim Scott's book "Radical Candor" answers this question with some surprising answers. She argues that the most effective kind of criticism is compassionate criticism and that the way to create a culture of criticism is to start with simply seeking it yourself from your subordinates. Her "Radical Candor" framework lays out an approach for how to go about implementing a culture of criticism in a business environment.
In Part 1, we layout the motivation and basic framework for Scott's approach to 'getting what you want by saying what you mean.'
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4 snips
Jan 17, 2021 • 29min
Episode 14: Theories of Artificial General Intelligence
Bruce and Cameo are joined by Dennis Hackethal, Ella Hoeppner, and Thatchaphol Saranurak as we discuss Artificial General Intelligence (AGI).
In part 3, each of the guests talks about their own theories about Artificial General Intelligence and where they are taking their research.
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Link to "Evolution is exponentially more powerful with frequency-dependent selection" paper.

26 snips
Jan 11, 2021 • 1h 45min
Special Edition: Theory of Anything Hosts David Deutsch
This was recorded during the 24 hr. transcontinental Popperian ZOOM Meet 'n Greet of January 9th-10th, 2021 organized by OurKarlPopper.net. Bruce was asked to host a session with the subject of David Deutsch and how he brought a whole new generation to Karl Popper's philosophy. But at the last minute, we found out David Deutsch himself was attending. So we redid our plans to allow people to ask him questions.
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Youtube version with video
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Jan 10, 2021 • 30min
Episode 13: Objections to Artificial General Intelligence
Bruce and Cameo are joined by Dennis Hackethal, Ella Hoeppner, and Thatchaphol Saranurak as we discuss Artificial General Intelligence (AGI).
In part 2, among other things, we discuss various objections people make to AGI and why they can't be correct due to the existence of universality. We also discuss what a "Universal Explainer" is and if it is possible to create a quantum "oracle machine" which is a computer that can compute things that the Turning machine can't.

5 snips
Jan 3, 2021 • 38min
Episode 12: Artificial Intelligence vs Artificial General Intelligence
In the last episode, we showed that Artificial General Intelligence was possible according to the laws of physics. This episode is part 1 of a 3-part panel discussion among computer scientists interested in AGI. Bruce and Cameo are joined by Dennis Hackethal, Ella Hoeppner, and Thatchaphol Saranurak -- all interested in both AGI and Karl Popper's epistemology and believe Popper's theories can shed light on how to discover AGI.
In part 1, we discuss how AI (Artificial Intelligence) differs from AGI (Artificial General Intelligence).

5 snips
Dec 27, 2020 • 1h 7min
Episode 11: The Turing Principle and Artificial General Intelligence
Part 3 of our series on Computational Theory. Using the theory we've built up, we now prove that Artificial General Intelligence is possible due to what is called "The Turing Principle" which is the most profound philosophical implication of Computational Theory.
Plus Cameo asks Bruce about how religious people look at these theories.
Youtube version with optional visuals
Note: Due to the nature of these Computational theory episodes, it might be helpful to see the Youtube visuals.

Dec 20, 2020 • 42min
Episode 10: What Use is Computational Theory?
In the last episode, we gave you the basic theory. Now we're going to show you how Computational Theory is actually used in real life. We'll discuss the various computational classes that exist and one special class in particular: NP-Complete. Using reducibility (as discussed in the previous episode) we can prove that this is a universal class of problems. This provides us evidence (but not a proof!) that many algorithms are too slow to be tractable (i.e. return a result in a useful amount of time.) Finally, we'll discuss the startling fact that some problems can't be computed at all because the laws of physics don't allow it.
Youtube version with optional visuals:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rVpM8XOwmz4
Note: Due to the nature of these Computational theory episodes, it might be helpful to see the Youtube visuals.


