Dive into the intense world of the Roman Empire's greatest battles. Explore vicious civil wars, grueling sieges, and the intrigue of betrayals that shaped history. Hear about key commanders and pivotal moments that determined the empire's fate. Discover how different outcomes could have altered the course of history. This engaging discussion promises to illuminate the complexities of military engagements and their lasting impact on civilization.

Ursula Rothe, a Professor of Roman Archaeology and History, dives into the quirks of Roman fashion. Discover what Romans donned beneath their tunics and the best moments to sport socks with sandals. The discussion reveals how togas were more than clothing—they were status symbols with deep cultural significance. Explore the blend of gender expectations in ornamentation and how diverse footwear options showed sophistication. Rothe also sheds light on the stark clothing contrasts between the rich and poor, reflecting societal values and identity.

Graham Loud, Emeritus Professor of Medieval History at the University of Leeds and author of a forthcoming book on Frederick Barbarossa, discusses the life of this iconic ruler. He delves into Barbarossa's tumultuous reign, detailing his fierce Italian campaigns and complex clashes with the papacy. The conversation also highlights how this formidable emperor's legacy has been mythologized, comparing him to legendary figures like King Arthur, while examining the impact of his rule on medieval European politics.

In this engaging discussion, historian John Gilbert McCurdy dives into the trials of Robert Newburgh, a British army chaplain accused of homosexual relations in colonial America during a time of revolution. He examines how attitudes toward sexuality and liberty were evolving and becoming intertwined with political and moral anxieties. By highlighting Newburgh's flamboyant identity and the resulting societal backlash, McCurdy reveals the complexities of masculinity and loyalty within a military context, illustrating the rich tapestry of personal freedoms struggling against the norms of the era.

In this conversation, Professor Robert Colls, a Research Professor of English History with expertise in British mining, delves into the rich history of mining in the UK. He reveals how much miners earned for their hard labor and discusses the often-overlooked roles of women and children underground. Colls explains the curious use of canaries as early gas detectors, while also highlighting the evolution of safety measures, such as the Davy lamp. The struggle and unity among miners during significant strikes provide a poignant insight into the social dynamics of mining communities.

Sarah Elizabeth Cox, a historical consultant for the Disney Plus show "A Thousand Blows," dives into the raw and gritty world of Victorian boxing. She reveals jaw-dropping tales, like men battling pumas and sisters who were fearsome fighters. The conversation uncovers how boxing transcended social classes, transforming from illegal prize-fighting to a regulated spectacle. Cox also sheds light on the complexities of boxers' lives, exploring their economic struggles and the roles of women in this brutal sport. Get ready for a punchy dose of history!

Nicholas A M Rodger, a historian specializing in British naval history and author of 'The Price of Victory,' joins to explore whether Britain truly ruled the waves post-Napoleonic wars. He discusses the evolution of naval technology, including the role of submarines and airpower in warfare. The podcast also highlights the significant yet often overlooked contributions of women in the Navy during the World Wars. Rodger delves into naval trade's critical importance, especially amidst global tensions, showcasing how naval power has shaped Britain's history.

Lizzie Rogers, a historian specializing in women and historic houses, dives into the life of literary icon Jane Austen. She reveals how Austen's upbringing in Hampshire and experiences in Bath influenced her sharp social commentary. The discussion highlights her close bond with sister Cassandra and how their familial dynamics fueled her creativity. Lizzie also discusses Austen's struggles with financial instability and health, ultimately leading to her posthumous recognition and the enduring relevance of her themes in modern culture.

Helen Rappaport, historian and author of "The Rebel Romanov," unveils the captivating tale of Princess Juliane of Saxe-Coburg. Born into an age of upheaval, she defied her unhappy marriage at 14 to Grand Duke Konstantin, pursuing freedom against societal norms. Rappaport explores her journey to St. Petersburg, the stigma of her divorce, and the complexities of her life in Switzerland. Additionally, she reveals the intricate connections with Queen Victoria, highlighting the often-ignored stories of women in aristocracy battling oppressive expectations.

In this engaging discussion, Stephen R. Platt, a professor and author, unpacks the complex motivations behind the Opium Wars. Britain’s pursuit of profit led to devastating conflicts rooted in addiction and imperial ambition. He examines Emperor Daoguang's struggle against opium and the moral dilemmas faced by British merchants. The podcast also explores the unequal treaties that followed, shaping China’s future and its perception of Western imperialism. Join Platt as he reveals the profound consequences of these historical events.