New Books in Science, Technology, and Society

Meredith McKittrick, a historian of Southern Africa at Georgetown University, dives into the intersection of environment and identity in her research. She discusses the Kalahari Thirstland Redemption Scheme and how white farmers responded to perceived climate threats. The podcast highlights the controversial river diversion proposals, revealing their ties to notions of racial superiority and the shaping of collective identities. McKittrick also unpacks the roots of apartheid, exploring how these environmental narratives influenced social hierarchies in early 20th century South Africa.

Reem Hilu, Assistant Professor of Film and Media Studies at Washington University in St. Louis, discusses her book on the intimate life of computers in the 1980s. She highlights how home computers were designed to strengthen family bonds and the often-overlooked influence of women's culture on personal computing. Hilu introduces the concept of 'companionate computing,’ revealing how technology addressed emotional needs in domestic life. The conversation also touches on feminist media history and the challenges of transforming academic research into a compelling narrative.

Jeremy Brecher, the author of "The Green New Deal from Below," presents an inspiring vision for a just, climate-safe economy. He discusses the crucial role of grassroots movements in promoting climate justice and job creation across communities like Boston and Seattle. Brecher highlights how local initiatives can effectively bridge climate action and social equity, while examining the emerging lithium industry and its socioeconomic impact. He also shares examples of community-driven projects, emphasizing collaboration between labor groups and local initiatives for sustainable development.

Benjamin Shestakofsky, Assistant Professor of Sociology at the University of Pennsylvania, dives into the intricate relationship between venture capital, innovation, and inequality. He discusses how funding decisions shape work dynamics and exacerbate economic disparities, while also exploring the challenges startups face in navigating funding cycles. Shestakofsky highlights the role of technology in creating new job opportunities and the emotional hurdles employees encounter post-funding. He advocates for ethical financing models that prioritize social values, shedding light on the complex world of tech startups.

Tristan A. Volpe, an expert in nuclear policy and defense analysis, discusses how weaker states leverage nuclear technology against superpowers. He explores the concept of nuclear latency, illustrating when atomic capabilities can effectively compel stronger nations. Through case studies of Japan, West Germany, North Korea, and Iran, Volpe reveals the complexities of the threat-assurance trade-off. His insights highlight how nations navigate their nuclear ambitions within international relations and the delicate balance of power in the modern geopolitical landscape.

Marcello Vitali-Rosati, a professor of literature and digital culture at the University of Montreal, dives into the intriguing world of bugs in technology. He traces the term's origins from ghostly meanings to modern computer glitches, illustrating how these malfunctions provoke critical thinking. Vitali-Rosati argues that bugs challenge our conventional notions of work and efficiency. He promotes the idea of embracing 'uselessness' as a means to disrupt societal norms, highlighting the hidden nature of computer errors and the need for user trust.

Kerry Smith, author of "Predicting Disasters: Earthquakes, Scientists, and Uncertainty in Modern Japan", dives into Japan's intricate history of earthquake prediction. She discusses the challenges scientists faced in communicating risks to the public while balancing preparedness with fears of panic. Smith highlights major earthquakes like the 1964 Niigata and the impact they had on research and infrastructure. Delving into the evolution of seismic science, she explores Japan's tenacious commitment to understanding and mitigating the unpredictability of natural disasters.

J. Mijin Cha, an Assistant Professor of Environmental Studies at UC Santa Cruz, discusses her groundbreaking work on just transitions for communities impacted by fossil fuel dependence. She introduces her 'Four+ Pillars' framework to ensure fair policies and emphasizes the importance of governmental backing alongside grassroots efforts. Cha critiques the Inflation Reduction Act, arguing for more inclusive local initiatives. Her insights reveal how we can create equitable climate solutions that uplift not just workers but entire communities.

The discussion dives into how racial capitalism influences the opioid crisis, revealing systemic inequalities in opioid distribution. The contrast between punitive drug policies for marginalized communities and leniency for middle-class whites highlights deep-rooted disparities. It traces the evolution from prescription to fentanyl crises, challenging common perceptions of addiction. The podcast also critiques colorblind racism and explores the narratives shaping public perceptions of addiction, calling for a reevaluation of societal attitudes and a push for universal health coverage.

Yochai Ataria, a professor at Tel-Hai College specializing in trauma and consciousness, explores profound themes from his book, including the complexity of embodied experiences. He delves into how consciousness is shaped by our physical existence, especially in the context of the Israel-Hamas conflict. Personal narratives reveal the psychological toll on both soldiers and children affected by war, emphasizing the necessity for empathy and understanding. Ataria calls for dialogue amidst conflict, highlighting shared traumas and the need for personal responsibility.