SpaceTime: Your Guide to Space & Astronomy

In this episode of SpaceTime, we delve into intriguing new research that challenges our understanding of Earth's climatic history, the discovery of a rare astronomical phenomenon, and China's advancements in lunar exploration.Did a Comet Trigger the Younger Dryas Cool Off?A groundbreaking study has emerged suggesting that a massive comet may have instigated Earth's Younger Dryas cool off event, traditionally attributed to glacial meltwater. Analysis of ocean sediments published in the journal PLOS One reveals geochemical clues that support the hypothesis of Earth encountering a disintegrating comet around 12,800 years ago. This event could have led to rapid cooling, with temperatures plummeting by approximately 10 degrees Celsius within a year. The findings indicate a potential link between comet dust and significant climate shifts, inviting further investigation into this captivating theory.Discovery of a Rare White Dwarf Merger RemnantAstronomers have identified an ultra-massive white dwarf star resulting from the merger of two stars, rather than the evolution of a single star. This discovery, made possible by NASA's Hubble Space Telescope, suggests that such white dwarf mergers may be more common than previously thought. The object, catalogued as WD0525 526, is located 126 light years away and is about 20% more massive than our Sun. Hubble's ultraviolet observations revealed carbon in its atmosphere, a sign of its violent origin, challenging previous assumptions about white dwarf formation.China Tests Its New Manned Lunar LanderIn a significant milestone for lunar exploration, China has successfully conducted a test flight of its new manned lunar landing craft, named Lanyu. This test, which included a controlled landing and takeoff, marks a crucial step in China's ambitions to send taikonauts to the Moon by 2030. The Lanyu is designed to carry astronauts from lunar orbit to the surface and back, with plans for a permanent lunar base in collaboration with Russia in the early 2030s.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesPLOS Onehttps://journals.plos.org/plosone/Nature Astronomyhttps://www.nature.com/natureastronomy/NASA Hubble Space Telescopehttps://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/hubble/main/index.htmlBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.

In this episode of SpaceTime, we explore the latest revelations from the cosmos, featuring the intriguing interstellar comet 3I Atlas, a groundbreaking theory about our place in the universe, and the safe return of SpaceX Crew 10.The Enigmatic Comet 3I AtlasAstronomers utilizing NASA's Hubble Space Telescope have captured the sharpest images yet of the interstellar comet 3I Atlas, revealing a solid icy nucleus estimated to measure between 320 meters and 5.6 kilometers in diameter. This comet, traveling at a staggering 209,000 kilometers per hour, is believed to have been journeying through interstellar space for approximately 7 billion years. Observations from multiple telescopes are enhancing our understanding of this ancient visitor, including its size, chemical makeup, and physical properties. With a dust plume and tail reminiscent of solar system comets, 3I Atlas offers a unique glimpse into the history of our galaxy as it approaches the sun.Earth's Position in a Cosmic VoidA new hypothesis suggests that Earth and the Milky Way may reside in a vast cosmic void rather than along a filament of the universe's cosmic web. This idea could help resolve the Hubble tension, a discrepancy in the rate of the universe's expansion. The study, presented at the Royal Astronomical Society's National Astronomy Conference, posits that our galaxy might be near the center of a local void, influencing the observed expansion rate of the universe. This intriguing concept challenges existing cosmological models and could reshape our understanding of cosmic structure.Safe Return of SpaceX Crew 10After five months aboard the International Space Station, SpaceX Crew 10 has safely returned to Earth. Their Dragon capsule splashed down in the North Pacific Ocean, marking the end of a mission that contributed to over 200 scientific experiments, ranging from plant growth studies to the effects of microgravity on human physiology. The crew's successful return paves the way for their replacements, Crew 11, to continue vital research in low Earth orbit.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesAstrophysical Journal Lettershttps://iopscience.iop.org/journal/2041-8205Royal Astronomical Societyhttps://ras.ac.uk/NASA's Hubble Space Telescopehttps://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/hubble/main/index.htmlBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.

In this episode of SpaceTime, we uncover the latest astronomical marvels and pressing concerns in space science.The Cosmic Horseshoe: A Supermassive DiscoveryAstronomers have potentially identified the most massive supermassive black hole ever discovered, dubbed the Cosmic Horseshoe, which is estimated to be around 36 billion times the mass of our Sun. Located approximately 5 billion light years away, this colossal black hole distorts space-time and creates a stunning Einstein ring effect by gravitationally lensing light from distant galaxies. The measurement of its mass combines gravitational lensing and stellar kinematics, providing a rare glimpse into the formation and evolution of galaxies and their central black holes.Possible New Planet in the Alpha Centauri SystemExciting news emerges from the Alpha Centauri star system, where astronomers may have discovered a new planet orbiting Alpha Centauri A, the closest star system to our own at just 4.25 light years away. Using data from NASA's Webb Space Telescope, researchers suggest this Saturn-sized gas giant could be located in the habitable zone of a sun-like star. While the planet's gaseous nature may not support life, its proximity offers a unique opportunity to study planetary systems beyond our own, challenging existing theories on planet formation in binary star systems.The Satellite Proliferation DilemmaAs the number of satellites in Earth orbit continues to rise, astronomers are sounding alarms over the interference these satellites cause to vital scientific research. A study has highlighted the impact of Starlink's megaconstellation on radio astronomy, with significant radio emissions masking faint signals from the universe. This growing concern emphasizes the need for regulatory measures to mitigate interference and protect the integrity of astronomical observations.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesMonthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Societyhttps://academic.oup.com/mnrasAstrophysical Journal Lettershttps://iopscience.iop.org/journal/2041-8205Astronomy and Astrophysics Journalhttps://www.aanda.org/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.

In this episode of SpaceTime, we journey through the latest advancements in space exploration and cosmology, featuring a groundbreaking radar mission, a new hypothesis on the universe's origins, and updates on the International Space Station.NISAR: A New Era in Earth ObservationThe Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) has successfully launched the NISAR satellite, a joint mission with NASA that promises to revolutionise our understanding of Earth's dynamic systems. This advanced synthetic aperture radar satellite will monitor changes in forests, wetlands, and ice-covered surfaces with unprecedented detail, providing crucial data for disaster response, infrastructure management, and climate change studies. With its ability to see through clouds and operate day and night, NISAR will deliver vital insights into the planet's movements and environmental changes every 12 days, enhancing our preparedness for natural hazards.A New Hypothesis on the Universe's OriginsIn a significant shift in cosmological theory, scientists have proposed a new model that explains the universe's early moments without relying on speculative elements. This revolutionary hypothesis, reported in the journal Physical Review Research, suggests that natural quantum fluctuations in a state known as de Sitter space could account for the density differences that led to the formation of galaxies and stars. By eliminating arbitrary parameters, this model offers a clearer understanding of the cosmos and poses fundamental questions about our existence and origins.Russia's Commitment to the International Space StationIn a surprising announcement, Russia has confirmed its intention to remain a partner in the International Space Station (ISS) project until at least 2028, despite previous threats to withdraw. This decision comes amid ongoing geopolitical tensions and technical challenges within the Russian segment of the ISS. As the global space community continues to evolve, Russia's commitment ensures continued collaboration in low Earth orbit, even as plans for an independent Russian space station progress.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesPhysical Review Researchhttps://journals.aps.org/prresearch/NASA NISAR Missionhttps://www.nasa.gov/nisarBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.

In this episode of SpaceTime, we delve into the cosmic drama unfolding in our universe, featuring a doomed exoplanet, new revelations about Mars, and the latest crew aboard the International Space Station.The Death Spiral of TOI 2109bAstronomers are closely monitoring the death spiral of TOI 2109b, an exoplanet located over 870 light-years away. This gas giant, nearly five times the mass of Jupiter, completes an orbit around its host star in just 16 hours, making it the closest hot Jupiter discovered to date. Researchers from Macquarie University have found that the planet's orbit is decaying, leading to three potential end scenarios: being torn apart by tidal forces, plunging into its host star, or losing its gaseous envelope to intense radiation. These findings provide valuable insights into planetary evolution and the fate of gas giants in close orbits.New Insights into Mars's Ancient SurfaceA recent study has identified a new type of iron sulfate on Mars, suggesting significant geothermal and chemical activity on the planet's surface. Researchers have characterized this uncommon mineral, which may represent a new type due to its unique crystalline structure. The discovery sheds light on how heat, water, and chemical reactions have shaped Mars, and indicates that the planet may have been more geologically active than previously thought. This research enhances our understanding of Mars's potential to have supported life in its past.New Crew Arrives at the International Space StationNASA has successfully delivered a new crew to the International Space Station aboard a SpaceX Dragon capsule. The crew, consisting of two Americans, a Russian, and a Japanese astronaut, will replace colleagues who have been aboard since March. As NASA considers extending crew stays from six to eight months to reduce costs, the new team is set to contribute to ongoing research and operations in low Earth orbit.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesAstrophysical Journalhttps://iopscience.iop.org/journal/1538-4357Nature Journalhttps://www.nature.com/nature/NASA's International Space Stationhttps://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/main/index.htmlBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.00:00 This is space Time Series 28, Episode 97 for broadcast on 13 August 202500:42 Astronomers are tracking the death spiral of a doomed planet more than 870 light years away12:06 ToI 2109 is one of the most interesting systems that we've got17:06 Scientists have identified a new type of iron sulfate on the Red Planet23:47 NASA has delivered four new crew members to the International Space Station aboard SpaceX Dragon25:10 New study claims consuming three fries a week increases risk of developing type 2 diabetes26:13 Google about to offer AI study tools to college students for free29:53 You've got to check for updates on all your Apple devices

In this episode of SpaceTime, we explore groundbreaking discoveries and ambitious plans in the realm of space exploration.The Most Distant Black Hole: Casper's Lidz 9Astronomers have identified the most distant black hole ever observed, known as Casper's Lidz 9, dating back 13.3 billion years to a time when the universe was only half a billion years old. This supermassive black hole, weighing in at approximately 300 million solar masses, raises intriguing questions about its rapid growth in the early universe. The findings, published in the Astrophysical Journal, provide a unique opportunity to study the structure and evolution of galaxies during this enigmatic period, with implications for our understanding of black hole formation.New Insights into Ancient Martian WaterRecent research suggests that Mars was even wetter than previously believed. A study presented at the Royal Astronomical Society's national meeting examined over 1500 kilometres of ancient riverbeds in the Nochesterra region, indicating that flowing water was widespread during the Noche and Hesperian transition around 3.7 billion years ago. These findings challenge existing theories about Mars's dry history and suggest a more complex and active planet, potentially providing a more hospitable environment for ancient life.Nuclear Reactors for Moon and Mars BasesThe United States has unveiled plans to develop nuclear reactors to power future bases on the Moon and Mars, with the first plant expected to launch by the end of the decade. This initiative aims to support sustained human presence on these celestial bodies, addressing energy needs that solar power cannot fulfil. The reactors will provide essential electricity for life support, scientific equipment, and resource utilisation, marking a significant step in the ongoing space race.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesAstrophysical Journalhttps://iopscience.iop.org/journal/1538-4357NASA's Artemis Programhttps://www.nasa.gov/specials/artemis/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.

In this episode of SpaceTime, we uncover intriguing discoveries about Mars, the cosmos, and the latest advancements in space technology.Martian Glaciers: Pure Water IceRecent research reveals that Martian glaciers are composed of over 80% pure water ice, challenging previous assumptions that they were primarily rocky. This groundbreaking study, led by Yuval Steinberg from the Weizmann Institute, utilized standardized measurements to analyze the dielectric properties of these glaciers, providing a clearer understanding of their composition. The findings not only enhance our knowledge of Martian geology but also have significant implications for future manned missions, as these glaciers could serve as vital water sources for astronauts.Discovery of an Intermediate Mass Black HoleNASA's Hubble Space Telescope and Chandra X-Ray Observatory have identified a rare intermediate mass black hole, known as NGC6099HLX1, actively consuming a star. This black hole, located approximately 450 million light-years away, resides in a compact star cluster and exhibits extreme luminosity during its tidal disruption event. The discovery sheds light on the formation of black holes and their role in galactic evolution, providing crucial insights into the elusive intermediate mass category that bridges stellar and supermassive black holes.United States Space Force's X37B MissionThe United States Space Force is gearing up for the eighth mission of its Boeing X37B space shuttle, set to launch from Cape Canaveral Space Force Base. This mission will test advanced technologies, including a high-bandwidth inter-satellite laser communications system and a cutting-edge quantum inertial sensor. The X37B's unique capabilities allow it to conduct classified operations while remaining difficult to track, highlighting its significance in modern space operations.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesIcarus Journalhttps://www.journals.elsevier.com/icarusAstrophysical Journalhttps://iopscience.iop.org/journal/1538-4357NASA Hubble Space Telescopehttps://hubblesite.org/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.

In this episode of SpaceTime, we explore exciting new findings about our galaxy, the latest achievements of NASA's Mars Curiosity rover, and groundbreaking images of the Sun captured by the Parker Solar Probe.Milky Way's Hidden SatellitesRecent research suggests that the Milky Way may host up to 100 previously undetected satellite galaxies. Using advanced supercomputer simulations and mathematical modeling, astronomers have identified the existence of these faint dwarf galaxies, which could provide crucial support for the Lambda cold dark matter model. Currently, only 60 companion galaxies are confirmed, but with new telescopes like the Vera Rubin Observatory, the search for these elusive satellites is set to expand, potentially reshaping our understanding of the universe's structure.Curiosity Rover Reaches New HeightsNASA's Mars Curiosity rover has made significant progress in its exploration of Mount Sharp, revealing intricate geological formations known as boxwork. This unique terrain, shaped by ancient groundwater processes, offers valuable insights into the Red Planet's history. Curiosity has been utilizing its advanced instruments to analyze the composition of the Martian surface and conduct atmospheric observations, marking a new phase in its mission to uncover the secrets of Mars.Parker Solar Probe's Record-Breaking ImagesIn a groundbreaking achievement, NASA's Parker Solar Probe has captured the closest images of the Sun ever taken. These stunning observations, made during a recent pass through the solar corona, are helping scientists understand solar phenomena and their impact on space weather. The high-resolution images reveal important details about the solar wind and coronal mass ejections, providing insights that could improve predictions of solar activity and protect technology on Earth.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesNature Astronomyhttps://www.nature.com/natureastronomy/NASA Mars Curiosity Missionhttps://mars.nasa.gov/msl/Parker Solar Probehttps://www.nasa.gov/content/parker-solar-probeBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.00:00 New study says Milky Way could have far more satellite galaxies than previously thought00:47 Our Milky Way galaxy could have more satellite galaxies surrounding it than previously predicted05:37 NASA's Mars Curiosity rover reaches new heights exploring boxwork terrain on Mount Sharp09:08 NASA's Parker Solar Probe captured stunning new images of the solar atmosphere18:40 A new study warns that hail storms could hit Australian cities harder due to climate change

In this episode of SpaceTime, we delve into significant developments in space exploration, from Australia's latest rocket launch attempt to groundbreaking theories about the origins of life.Australia's ERIS 1 Rocket Launch: A Learning ExperienceIn a dramatic turn of events, Gilmour Space's ERIS 1 rocket experienced a failure just seconds after liftoff, marking Australia's first orbital rocket launch in years. Despite the setback, CEO Adam Gilmour emphasizes the lessons learned from the test flight, which will inform the design and operation of future launches. The rocket's ascent was initially promising, but engine failures led to a crash shortly after clearing the launch tower. Fortunately, no injuries or environmental damage occurred, and the mission provided valuable data that will enhance the next attempt.Life's Origins: A Cosmic PerspectiveA new study suggests that the building blocks of life may have originated in outer space rather than on Earth. Using the ALMA radio telescope, astronomers detected complex organic molecules in the protoplanetary disk of the protostar UH V883 Orionis. These findings indicate that essential compounds, such as ethylene glycol and glycolonitrile, are not only present in various cosmic environments but may also be the precursors to amino acids and other vital biological components. This research supports the notion that the seeds of life are widespread throughout the universe.Boeing's Starliner Delays ContinueBoeing's Starliner spacecraft faces further delays, now pushed back to at least 2026 before it can carry humans into space. Ongoing technical issues have plagued the project, including helium leaks and thruster control problems. NASA is working closely with Boeing to address these challenges, but the timeline for crewed missions remains uncertain as SpaceX continues to lead in transporting astronauts to the International Space Station.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesAstrophysical Journal Lettershttps://iopscience.iop.org/journal/1538-4357NASA's Commercial Crew Programhttps://www.nasa.gov/exploration/commercial/crew/index.htmlGilmour Spacehttps://gilmourspace.com/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.00:00 A new study says the evolution of life may well have origins in outer space00:47 Gilmour Space's Ares 1 orbital rocket crashed two seconds after launch10:37 A new study says the evolution of life may have origins in outer space11:28 Astronomers find 17 complex organic molecules in distant planet forming disk19:35 New study finds images can shape public opinion regardless of true facts22:06 World Meteorological Organization says megaflash stretched 829km in 2017

In this episode of SpaceTime, we embark on a thrilling journey through the cosmos, exploring the potential for life on Mars, a remarkable discovery in the outer solar system, and the crucial mapping of sulfur throughout our galaxy.Searching for Life on MarsA new study reveals that thick layers of clay on Mars could indicate stable environments conducive to life billions of years ago. Researchers have identified that these clay deposits likely formed in standing bodies of water, providing the right conditions for chemical weathering and potentially supporting ancient life. The findings suggest that the balance between water and carbon cycles on Mars may explain the planet's geological history and the absence of carbonate rocks. Lead author Rhianna Moore discusses how these stable terrains could have fostered habitable conditions for extended periods, offering insights into the Red Planet's wet past.Discovery of 2020 VN40: A Distant Cosmic CompanionAstronomers have discovered a rare celestial body, 2020 VN40, located far beyond Neptune, moving in perfect synchronicity with the ice giant. This trans-Neptunian object orbits the sun once for every ten orbits Neptune completes, providing new insights into the dynamics of the outer solar system. The discovery, reported in the Planetary Science journal, enhances our understanding of how distant objects interact with Neptune's gravity and offers clues about the solar system's evolution.Mapping Sulfur in the Milky WayA groundbreaking study has mapped the distribution of sulfur across the Milky Way, an essential element for life. Utilizing the CRISM X-Ray Imaging and Spectroscopy mission, scientists have directly measured sulfur in both its gaseous and solid forms within the interstellar medium. The findings shed light on sulfur's role in the cosmos and its potential implications for understanding life's distribution throughout the galaxy. This research marks a significant step in answering fundamental questions about the building blocks of life in the universe.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesNature Astronomyhttps://www.nature.com/natureastronomy/Planetary Science Journalhttps://iopscience.iop.org/journal/2632-3338CRISM Missionhttps://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/asteroids/overview/crism.htmlBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.