

In Our Time
BBC Radio 4
Spanning history, religion, culture, science and philosophy, In Our Time from BBC Radio 4 is essential listening for the intellectually curious. In each episode, host Melvyn Bragg and expert guests explore the characters, events and discoveries that have shaped our world.
History fans can learn about pivotal wars and societal upheavals, such as the rise and fall of Napoleon, the Sack of Rome in 1527, and the political intrigue of the Russian Revolution. Those fascinated by the lives of kings and queens can journey to Versailles to meet Marie Antoinette and Louis XIV the Sun King, or to Ancient Egypt to meet Cleopatra and Nerfertiti. Or perhaps you’re looking to explore the history of religion, from Buddhism’s early teachings to the Protestant Reformation.
If you’re interested in the stories behind iconic works of art, music and literature, dive in to discussions on the artistic genius of Michelangelo's Sistine Chapel and Van Gogh’s famous Sunflowers. From Gothic architecture to the works of Shakespeare, each episode of In Our Time offers new insight into humanity’s cultural achievements.
Those looking to enrich their scientific knowledge can hear episodes on black holes, the Periodic Table, and classical theories of gravity, motion, evolution and relativity. Learn how the discovery of penicillin revolutionised medicine, and how the death of stars can lead to the formation of new planets.
Lovers of philosophy will find episodes on the big issues that define existence, from free will and ethics, to liberty and justice. In what ways did celebrated philosophers such as Mary Wollstonecraft and Karl Marx push forward radical new ideas? How has the concept of karma evolved from the ancient Sanskrit texts of Hinduism to today? What was Plato’s concept of an ideal republic, and how did he explore this through the legend of the lost city of Atlantis?
In Our Time celebrates the pursuit of knowledge and the enduring power of ideas.
History fans can learn about pivotal wars and societal upheavals, such as the rise and fall of Napoleon, the Sack of Rome in 1527, and the political intrigue of the Russian Revolution. Those fascinated by the lives of kings and queens can journey to Versailles to meet Marie Antoinette and Louis XIV the Sun King, or to Ancient Egypt to meet Cleopatra and Nerfertiti. Or perhaps you’re looking to explore the history of religion, from Buddhism’s early teachings to the Protestant Reformation.
If you’re interested in the stories behind iconic works of art, music and literature, dive in to discussions on the artistic genius of Michelangelo's Sistine Chapel and Van Gogh’s famous Sunflowers. From Gothic architecture to the works of Shakespeare, each episode of In Our Time offers new insight into humanity’s cultural achievements.
Those looking to enrich their scientific knowledge can hear episodes on black holes, the Periodic Table, and classical theories of gravity, motion, evolution and relativity. Learn how the discovery of penicillin revolutionised medicine, and how the death of stars can lead to the formation of new planets.
Lovers of philosophy will find episodes on the big issues that define existence, from free will and ethics, to liberty and justice. In what ways did celebrated philosophers such as Mary Wollstonecraft and Karl Marx push forward radical new ideas? How has the concept of karma evolved from the ancient Sanskrit texts of Hinduism to today? What was Plato’s concept of an ideal republic, and how did he explore this through the legend of the lost city of Atlantis?
In Our Time celebrates the pursuit of knowledge and the enduring power of ideas.
Episodes
Mentioned books

Jun 13, 2002 • 28min
The American West
Explore the myths and reality of American pioneers in the 19th century, driven by 'manifest destiny' and the promise of a better life. Delve into the motivations behind westward expansion, the challenges faced by pioneers, and the tragic tale of the Donner Party. Discover the impact of the Gold Rush era on the American West, and the evolution of the frontier myth on American identity and politics.

Jun 6, 2002 • 28min
The Soul
Exploring diverse perspectives on the soul, from Plato's immortal reason to the essence in plants and animals according to Aristotle. The debate over the soul's composition, residence, and role in individuality. The shift in soul understanding, breaking traditional beliefs, and connecting individuals directly with the divine. Delving into Greek tragedy, inherited divinity, and philosophical views on the soul's survival after death. The moral dimension of the Christian soul and its evolving relationship with modern notions of self.

May 30, 2002 • 28min
The Grand Tour
Melvyn Bragg and guests explore the origins and impact of 18th-century tourism, focusing on the Grand Tour. They discuss the motivations behind the tour, its cultural impact on British attitudes towards art and diplomacy, and the experiences of travelers in Europe. The podcast delves into the evolution of the Grand Tour from a pilgrimage to an educational pursuit, the emotional responses to iconic artworks, and the behaviors of tourists during that period.

May 23, 2002 • 28min
Drugs
Exploring the history and impact of drugs on creativity throughout time; delving into the conflicting perspectives on the influence of substances on artistic expression; examining the intertwined history of drugs in European civilization, from ancient times to the 20th century; exploring the link between orientalism, drug use, and creativity in art and literature; discussing the romantic movement's use of drugs to enhance creativity and unlock the imagination; delving into the portrayal of drug use in literature and society, reflecting societal changes and perceptions

May 16, 2002 • 42min
Chaos Theory
Exploring Chaos Theory challenges Newton's principles of predictability, highlighting how small actions can lead to unpredictable cascading effects. The podcast delves into the balance between chaos and order in various systems like the brain and traffic, showcasing the complexities of Chaos Theory. It discusses the limits of predictability in the brain due to quantum mechanics and randomness, contrasting predictable events like satellite trajectories with truly unpredictable scenarios. The conversation unveils patterns in seemingly chaotic phenomena, offering models to comprehend the emergence of regular patterns within chaos.

May 9, 2002 • 42min
The Examined Life
Melvyn Bragg and guests discuss self-examination inspired by Socrates' philosophy. They explore the impact of Christianity on ethics, the debate on determinism, and the practical benefits of philosophy. The conversation also delves into the relationship between critical thinking, decision making, and the role of philosophy in understanding life.

17 snips
May 2, 2002 • 28min
The Physics of Reality
Explore the mind-bending concepts of Quantum Mechanics, with particles in two places at once and disappearing unpredictably. Delve into the contrast between classical physics and quantum phenomena, including Schrodinger's famous cat-in-the-box scenario. Discover debates on observer influence in quantum systems and the intriguing Many Worlds theory. Uncover the potential revolutionary impact of Quantum Mechanics on reality and consciousness.

Apr 25, 2002 • 28min
Tolstoy
Exploring Tolstoy's evolution as a novelist, his views on truth in literature, and his shift towards philosophical inquiries. Delving into Russia's socio-cultural landscape in the 19th century and Tolstoy's moral themes. The global influence of Tolstoy's religious teachings on peace movements and his personal struggles and legacy.

Apr 11, 2002 • 28min
Bohemia
Explore the medieval kingdom of Bohemia, its cultural and intellectual center in Prague, and the religious and political dissent that shaped its history. Learn about Jan Hus, the anarchist philosopher burnt at the stake, and his followers, the Hussites, who waged wars impacting Czech and German identities. Delve into Bohemia's role in exporting ideas to Europe and its division into modern Central Europe states.

Apr 4, 2002 • 28min
Extra Terrestrials
Exploring the potential for extraterrestrial life, including the presence of water and oxygen on distant planets and Jupiter's moon Europa. Discussing the origins of life, the role of extremophiles, and the theory of life seeding from Mars. Delving into the power of spectroscopy in astronomy and the search for intelligent alien life. Contemplating the uniqueness of Earth and the adaptability of life in diverse environments.


