Maslow's hierarchy of needs lacks empirical validation, leading to skepticism among some regarding its universal applicability in understanding human motivation. In contrast, self-determination theory emerges as a more reliable framework for motivation. It emphasizes the individual's capacity to direct their own life, fostering personal agency and autonomy. This concept allows individuals to shape their identities and create meaningful lives, aligning closely with principles of emotional intelligence and social emotional learning, drawn from research in those fields.