Eminent Israeli historian Benny Morris walks us through the origins of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, while historian Zachary Foster explores the rise of Hamas. They discuss Israel's military response and the future of the conflict, emphasizing the 'missing moderate middle' on both sides.

Miko Peled, an activist and author, joins historian Zachary Foster, who shifted from a Zionist perspective to advocate for Palestinian rights. They discuss their personal journeys and the emotional discord of aligning beliefs with the plight of displaced individuals. Topics include the historical foundations of Zionism, the need for solidarity among advocates, and shifting perspectives among younger American Jews. They also explore social media's impact on military behavior and the importance of collective resilience in the ongoing fight for justice.

Thaddeus Russell interviews historian Zach Foster on the history of Palestine, discussing the upbringing of a Jewish anti-Zionist, the Palestinians' right to return and ethnic cleansing, the Israeli-Palestinian conflict and proportionality, popular support for Hamas and Palestinian identity, agricultural roots and culture of death, and the challenges of equality in Israel.