Maartje van Gelder, a Professor in Early Modern History at the University of Amsterdam, Stephen Bowd from the University of Edinburgh, and Georg Christ from the University of Manchester dive into the rise of Venice as a maritime power. They explore how Venice transformed from marshy islands into a booming trade empire lacking walls. The conversation reveals peculiar aspects like the influence of the Arsenalotti during sieges and the unique governance by the doge. They also discuss Venice's strategies against the looming threat of rival powers and its multifaceted cultural legacy.

Explore the brutal aftermath of the sack of Rome in 1527 and its impact on religion, politics, and warfare. Delve into the intense conflict between France and Spain for dominance over Italy. Narrate the chaotic events of the invasion and looting of Rome, focusing on hunger and greed. Discuss the Italian involvement in the invasion and the cultural losses suffered. Highlight the damage to art, restoration efforts, and the emotional toll on artists. Explore the political and social consequences, including shifts in power dynamics and the impact on ordinary people. Delve into the persecution faced by Jews in Rome during the sack and the fascination with firearms in wartime.