Paul C. Cremer, MD, MS, a JAMA Review author with expertise in acute pericarditis, joins David L. Simel, MD, MHS, JAMA's Associate Editor. They delve into the complexities of acute pericarditis, discussing its common presentation and diagnostic challenges, including the significance of pericardial friction rubs. The conversation highlights effective treatments, focusing on high-dose NSAIDs and colchicine, and emphasizes the importance of monitoring inflammation markers. Novel therapeutic options, including interleukin-1 blockers, are also introduced for recurrent cases.