Rebecca Karnovitz, a VP in ESG Research & Outreach at Moody's Investors Service, and Matt Kuchtyak, a VP in Sustainable Finance at the same firm, discuss the key takeaways from COP28. They highlight the critical carbon transition risks facing emerging markets, emphasizing their vulnerability due to reliance on climate-sensitive sectors. The pair delve into the urgent need for climate finance, estimating a requirement of $1 trillion annually by 2030. They also explore innovative solutions for funding and the impressive growth in sustainable bond issuance in response to climate initiatives.