Mark Peplow, a seasoned science journalist, reflects on graphene's evolution from initial hype to vital real-world applications over the past 20 years. He discusses its potential in futuristic technologies like space elevators while addressing challenges in manufacturing and engineering. Meanwhile, Seth Darling, Chief Science and Technology Officer at Argonne National Laboratory, reveals innovative methods for extracting lithium from saltwater, highlighting sustainable approaches to meet the growing demand for clean energy.