Mario Fernandez leads Breakthrough Energy's FOAK finance program, specializing in infrastructure investment for climate technologies. He explores the challenges in funding first-of-a-kind projects, explaining why investors seek multiple repeatable projects. The discussion includes strategies for scaling, like the pilot-demo-FOAK path, and the difficulties of innovative commercial contracts. Mario also highlights the balance needed in financing structures and offtake agreements to attract cautious investors and reduce risks, showcasing successful models like Rondo's 'Steam as a Service'.