Laurène Fenwarth, a molecular researcher from the University of Lille, and Nicolas Duployez, an expert in acute myeloid leukemias from CHU Lille, share their insights on the evolving role of genomics in cancer treatment. They discuss how molecular and cytogenetic analyses reveal new mutations that aid in classifying acute myeloid leukemias and myelodysplastic syndromes. Despite significant advancements, 15% of AML cases remain genetically unclassifiable. Their discussion highlights the need for continued research and innovative bioinformatics to tackle these challenges.