In this engaging conversation, historian Jonathan Clark delves into the complexities of The Enlightenment. He critiques modern interpretations, suggesting they often misrepresent the era's sociability and practices. Clark explores the French Enlightenment's diverse thinkers like Voltaire and Diderot, emphasizing nuanced historical narratives. He also unpacks Kant’s essay on intellectual freedom, challenging common perceptions about authority's role during the period. The discussion ultimately reflects on the Enlightenment’s ideals of universality and democracy in today's context.