James Barr, a historian specializing in the Middle East and currently researching regional conflicts, navigates the rich tapestry of Syria's history. He explores ancient legacies from the Pharaohs to 7th-century Arab conquests and their impact on modern Arab identity. The conversation delves into the complexities of Syria's colonial past under the French mandate, the rise of insurgencies, and the tumultuous relationship with Nasser during the Cold War. Barr also sheds light on the Assad regime's oppressive tactics and the broader geopolitical ramifications that continue to influence the region.

Jane Corbin, a senior BBC correspondent and Middle East expert, teams up with historian James Barr to delve into the tumultuous events of 1948. They unravel the complexities behind Britain’s withdrawal from Palestine and Israel's declaration of independence. The conversation highlights the violent confrontations leading to the Nakba and the mass displacement of Palestinians. They analyze the long-term implications of these events and reflect on how historical tensions continue to influence the modern-day Israeli-Palestinian conflict.

Join experts Sanam Vakil, a director at Chatham House specializing in Iranian policy, and historian James Barr, who authored key works on Middle Eastern geopolitics. They delve into the complexities of foreign interventions in the region and discuss the evolving roles of the U.S. and Russia. The conversation also reflects on the legacy of the Oslo Accords, missed opportunities in peace negotiations, and the implications of regional dynamics for Palestine's statehood. With tensions flaring, they explore the potential for a broader international approach to peace.