In this discussion, Barak Barfi, a Middle East scholar specialized in Arab and Islamic affairs, delves into Syria's evolving political landscape. He evaluates whether the new regime is malign or moderate, while unpacking the recent lifting of U.S. sanctions. The conversation also highlights the volatile dynamics between Israel and Hamas, touching on humanitarian efforts and civilian relocation plans. Additionally, Barfi discusses the complexity of sectarian violence and the precarious position of minority groups amidst the shifting balance of power in the region.