Dr. Angela Dills, a labor economist, discusses the various factors contributing to the gender wage gap, including education levels, work experience, job characteristics, and career choices. She explores differences in employment between for-profit and non-profit sectors and highlights the impact of policies such as workplace flexibility and parental leave on addressing the wage gap. The chapter also discusses proactive measures to mitigate biases, the effectiveness of negotiation strategies for women, and the positive impact of pay transparency.