Abul Rizvi, a former Deputy Secretary of the Department of Immigration in Australia, shares his extensive knowledge on immigration and population policy. He dives into the transformative changes in Australia's immigration landscape since the early 2000s, particularly the rise in skilled migration and the role of international students. The conversation touches on the complex demographic challenges Australia faces, including declining fertility and the economic impact of high-skilled immigrants, underscoring the importance of a well-balanced immigration strategy in shaping the future.