Natan Sharansky: 'If you don't have faith or Zionism, your grandchildren will not be Jewish' (18 Questions, 40 Israeli Thinkers)
Jan 29, 2025
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Natan Sharansky, a former Israeli politician and human rights activist, shares his gripping journey from Soviet imprisonment to advocating for Jewish rights. He discusses the rising threats of antisemitism and assimilation impacting Jewish identity and the role of Israel as a solution. Sharansky analyzes Israel’s strategic mistakes in handling Hamas and emphasizes the need for cohesion among Jewish communities worldwide. He also explores the delicate balance between patriotism and critique in Israel's military actions, advocating for resilience and hope in challenging times.
The podcast emphasizes the dual threats of antisemitism and assimilation faced by Jewish identity, highlighting Israel's role as a solution to these challenges.
Natan Sharansky recounts his traumatic journey from a Soviet prisoner to a prominent advocate for human rights and Jewish identity in Israel.
The discussion critiques Israel's historical reliance on dictators for peace, which has led to misguided policies and heightened animosity toward the state.
Deep dives
The Duality of Anti-Semitism and Assimilation
The podcast discusses the competing forces of anti-Semitism and assimilation impacting Jewish identity today. It highlights how these pressures manifest particularly in the context of Israel and the Jewish diaspora. The conversation suggests that Israel serves as a crucial answer to the challenges posed by both external anti-Semitic threats and internal pressures to assimilate. In this light, the speaker emphasizes the importance of fostering a strong sense of Jewish identity linked to Israel to counter these forces.
Natan Sharansky's Journey and Activism
Natan Sharansky's personal journey from a Soviet refusenik to a prominent human rights activist is explored extensively. His experiences in Soviet prisons and his eventual immigration to Israel shaped his lifelong advocacy for democracy and civil rights. Post-immigration, Sharansky took on various political roles in Israel, contributing to discourse on democracy, human rights, and Jewish identity. His notable achievements include authoring several influential books and receiving prestigious awards, underscoring his significant contributions to both Jewish and global human rights advocacy.
Critique of Israel's Historical Mistakes
The podcast addresses Israel's strategic errors over the decades, particularly regarding its approach to neighboring dictatorships and the Palestinian leadership. It argues that past agreements, like the Oslo Accords, misjudged the political landscape by empowering leaders such as Yasser Arafat, which ultimately fueled animosity towards Israel. Sharansky contends that relying on dictators to maintain peace was a flawed strategy, leading to a generation of Palestinians raised with increased hatred towards Israel. This critique draws attention to the consequences of these policies on Israel’s current security and stability.
The Complexity of Israeli Identity and Leadership
The dialogue underscores the importance of unity among Israelis in the face of external and internal divisions. Sharansky discusses the significance of Jewish identity encompassing both democratic principles and Jewish heritage, advocating for equal treatment of all citizens under the law. He argues that a truly democratic Israel must acknowledge its Jewish character while fostering citizenship inclusivity. Emphasizing the current polarization in Israeli politics, he conveys hope that unity will emerge to navigate impending challenges effectively.
The Role of Human Rights in the Israeli Context
The podcast articulates the challenges faced by Israel in maintaining human rights while responding to existential threats. Sharansky argues that Israel's unique position as a democratic state amidst regional turmoil mandates a careful balance between military necessity and humanitarian principles. He reflects on his personal experiences with human rights abuses and insists on the importance of ethical considerations in military decision-making. Ultimately, Sharansky asserts that genuine commitment to human rights must inform Israeli policy, regardless of external pressures.
We don't have a new episode this week, but we want to share with you an episode of our podcast 18 Questions, 40 Israeli Thinkers, recorded on Jan. 13. Subscribe on Spotify or Apple Podcasts to catch the latest episode every Monday.
Antisemitism and assimilation are threatening the Jewish People, says Natan Sharansky, but to both Israel offers a solution.
Born in the Soviet Union and imprisoned by the authorities when trying to immigrate to Israel, Sharansky experienced brutal interrogations, forced feedings, and torture — sparking international campaigns to fight for his freedom in 1986.
Today, Natan is Chairman for the Institute for the Study of Global Antisemitism and Policy and has an extensive record as a human rights activist, Israeli politician, and advocate for the Jewish People. He is the recipient of the Congressional Medal of Honor in 1986 and the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2006.
Now, he joins us to answer 18 questions on Israel, including anti-Zionism, hostage negotiations, and the threats of antisemitism and assimilation.
This interview was held on Jan. 13.
Here are our 18 questions:
As an Israeli, and as a Jew, how are you feeling at this moment in Israeli history?
What has been Israel’s greatest success and greatest mistake in its war against Hamas?
How do you think Hamas views the outcome and aftermath of October 7—was it a success, in their eyes?
What do you look for in deciding which Knesset party to vote for?
Which is more important for Israel: Judaism or democracy?
Should Israel treat its Jewish and non-Jewish citizens the same?
What role should the Israeli government have in religious matters?
Now that Israel already exists, what is the purpose of Zionism?
Is opposing Zionism inherently antisemitic?
Is the IDF the world’s most moral army?
If you were making the case for Israel, where would you begin?
Can questioning the actions of Israel’s government and army — even in the context of this war — be a valid form of love and patriotism?
What do you think is the most legitimate criticism leveled against Israel today?
Do you think peace between Israelis and Palestinians will happen within your lifetime?
What should happen with Gaza and the Palestinian-Israeli conflict after the war?
Is Israel properly handling the Iranian threat?
Where do you identify on Israel’s political and religious spectrum, and do you have friends on the “other side”?
Do you have more hope or fear for Israel and the Jewish People?