Hold Your Fire! The DR Congo-Rwanda Deal, Trump’s Mediation and African Politics
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Jul 5, 2025 Murithi Mutiga, Africa Program Director at Crisis Group, sheds light on the complex dynamics of African diplomacy. He discusses the recently brokering of peace between DR Congo and Rwanda and how U.S. mediation under Trump has shifted perceptions. The conversation dives into the ongoing civil war in Sudan and the fragile peace between Ethiopia and Eritrea. Mutiga also explores the rise of anti-imperialist sentiments among Africa's youth, reflecting on how these evolving geopolitical tensions shape the continent's future.
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DRC-Rwanda Deal's Limits
- The DRC-Rwanda agreement is more a statement of intent than a comprehensive peace deal.
- Significant challenges remain due to multiple armed groups and low trust between leaders.
Militia Complexity in Conflict
- Local militias like Wazalendo have loose central control and may not stop fighting easily.
- M23's agenda is distinct from Rwanda's, complicating peace efforts.
Rwanda's Calculated Restraint
- Rwanda avoids formal annexation due to international opprobrium and practical challenges.
- Control over Kivus is maintained without official border changes, testing norms against conquest.