Summer season: How philosophy fell in love with language
Dec 25, 2024
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Crispin Sartwell, an Associate Professor of Philosophy at Dickinson College and author of 'The Post-Linguistic Turn', dives into the fascinating evolution of philosophy's relationship with language. He discusses the linguistic turn of the 20th century and its profound impact on philosophical thought. Sartwell explores the shift initiated by thinkers like Wittgenstein and Richard Rorty, the decline of the linguistic focus, and how contemporary philosophy is embracing personal narratives. What does the future hold for philosophical inquiries that intertwine language and personal experience?
The linguistic turn fundamentally shifted philosophy towards understanding language as essential in addressing major philosophical questions and issues.
Recent trends show a departure from linguistic rigidity, embracing personal narratives and accessible approaches that engage individual experiences in philosophy.
Deep dives
The Linguistic Turn in Philosophy
The linguistic turn represents a significant shift in philosophical thought that began in the early 20th century, emphasizing the centrality of language in shaping our understanding of reality. This movement was a response to the frustrations with 19th-century metaphysical speculations, aiming instead to clarify philosophical issues through rigorous linguistic analysis. Philosophers like Bertrand Russell and G.E. Moore were instrumental in this transition, advocating for an approach that prioritized clear definitions and logical precision over abstract speculation. The shift also led to the perception that many classical philosophical inquiries could be reframed as issues of language rather than enduring metaphysical debates.
Richard Rorty's Impact and Critique
Richard Rorty's contributions to the philosophical landscape culminated in his assertion that philosophy is a form of literature rather than a vehicle for discovering truth about reality. He argued that philosophical terms do not reflect an external reality; instead, they construct our experiences and meanings through language. Rorty's perspective aligned with a broader consensus among philosophers in the late 20th century, many of whom believed that traditional metaphysics and even philosophy itself were effectively 'over.' His view of philosophy's demise prompted discussions about its future, suggesting a shift towards disciplines like literary theory and poetic exploration.
Shifting Philosophical Approaches in the 21st Century
Recent trends in philosophy indicate a move away from the preoccupation with language that characterized the 20th century, suggesting a potential crisis in the discipline. There has been a growing interest in more personal, narrative-driven approaches that emphasize how philosophical concepts can apply to individual experiences and practical concerns. This new direction contrasts sharply with the highly technical, jargon-laden language of previous decades, inviting more accessible and relatable forms of philosophical writing. As philosophers increasingly explore themes of self-help and personal narratives, the discipline undergoes a transformation that raises questions about its traditional academic structures and aims.
Around the beginning of the 20th century, philosophy began to take what's come to be known as "the linguistic turn". All major philosophical questions, it was argued, were really questions about language, and this conviction would dominate philosophical discourse for the next century. But are philosophers now starting to turn away from the linguistic turn? And what might be coming next?
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