Global FX: Fed easing and dollar weakness: uneasy bedfellows
Aug 16, 2024
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Arindam Sandilya, a global FX strategy expert, joins interest rate strategist Ben Jarman and FX specialist James Nelligan to dive into the intricate relationships between central bank easing cycles and currency values. They unravel the complexities of the dollar's strength against recent economic shifts. The discussion highlights the Reserve Bank of New Zealand's unexpected rate cut and its implications, while also analyzing the dynamics of the Australian dollar amidst global challenges and weak data from China.
The recent dollar fluctuations highlight the complex interplay between soft US inflation, strong retail sales, and anticipated Fed cuts.
The RBNZ's unexpected rate cut poses significant risks for the Kiwi-dollar, with indications of further easing amid economic instability.
Deep dives
The Current FX Market Dynamics
Recent market fluctuations in FX have been influenced by a mix of soft US inflation prints and a surprising rise in retail sales. Initially, the dollar seemed poised to weaken, echoing trends from late 2022, yet strong retail sales data reversed this movement, pushing yields and the dollar back up. Markets are now projecting a modest expectation of Fed cuts, with some analysts anticipating cuts to be confirmed in September. Historical patterns indicate that the dollar may maintain or even increase in value during the year following initial Fed cuts, though this cycle appears uniquely challenged by global economic conditions.
Kiwi Dollar's Reaction to RBNZ Rate Cut
The Kiwi-dollar's trajectory has been significantly affected by the RBNZ's recent rate cut, which was somewhat unexpected and has implications for economic stability in New Zealand. Despite the high money market rates, the country’s vulnerability to external supply shocks and a history of a wide current account deficit make the outlook uncertain. Analysts note that the RBNZ is now anticipated to pursue further easing, particularly given bleak forecasts of a triple-dip recession. Future data regarding the labor market will be crucial, as investors assess whether the central bank is responding adequately to the deteriorating economic landscape.
Aussie Dollar amidst Global Economic Concerns
Constructive views on the Aussie dollar are being tested by ongoing external pressures, particularly from weak activity in China. The RBA has been taking a gradual approach to managing inflation, which provides a higher barrier for rate cuts, suggesting stability in monetary policy for the remainder of the year. Recently, the market has been skeptical about the RBA's guidance, reflecting a reluctance to provide the Aussie with a free ride owing to deteriorating global conditions. As such, future performance of the Aussie dollar may hinge on a rebound in Chinese economic activity and attendant commodity demands, although the immediate outlook remains mixed.
Arindam Sandilya, Ben Jarman and James Nelligan discuss the non-linear links between central bank easing cycles and currencies in the context of upcoming Fed cuts.
Speakers
Arindam Sandilya, Global FX Strategy
Ben Jarman, Australian and New Zealand Interest Rate Strategy
James Nelligan, Global FX Strategy