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Capital's General Formula
- In capitalism, money transforms into more money (M-C-M').
- Surplus value is the difference between the initial and final money amounts.
Contradictions of Capital
- Surplus value appears illusory as value seemingly changes without corresponding labor changes.
- This contradiction makes the capitalist system unsteady and prone to collapse.
Labor Power as a Commodity
- Buying labor power as a commodity arises from separating a commodity's use and exchange values.
- This separation allows for profit and surplus value accumulation beyond mere survival needs.