Eunice Yang, a BBC Chinese journalist, discusses the alarming closure of over 400 maternity wards in China while revealing the underlying issues of declining birth rates influenced by historical policies. Yuna Ku shares insights into South Korea's underground tattoo industry and the unique challenges faced by female tattoo artists amidst legal hurdles. Jelilat Olawale celebrates Ghana's kente fabric gaining UNESCO status, emphasizing its cultural significance and need for preservation. Together, they explore profound societal shifts impacting women across Asia and Africa.
China's economic challenges are significantly influencing young couples' decisions to have children, leading to declining birth rates.
The closure of maternity wards across China reflects a drastic shift in healthcare needs due to reduced demand for childbirth services.
Deep dives
The Decline of Birth Rates in China
China is experiencing a significant decline in birth rates, which has led to the closure of numerous maternity wards throughout the country. Following the abolishment of the one-child policy in 2015, many anticipated a surge in births, peaking at over 20 million newborns in 2017. However, the numbers have dramatically decreased, with only 10 million babies born in 2021 and a further decline to 9 million in 2023. A major contributing factor to this decline is the challenging economic environment, where rising job insecurity and financial strain prevent young couples from considering having children.
Impact of Economic Factors on Family Planning
The economic situation in China has greatly influenced individual decisions about family planning, with many young people unable to afford the costs associated with raising children. High levels of unemployment and underemployment have left a significant number of job seekers competing for limited positions, creating a sense of insecurity regarding financial stability. As a result, the societal perception towards pregnancy has shifted, with reactions among Gen Z often leaning towards disbelief rather than congratulations. This economic context has further reinforced cultural shifts that discourage traditional family structures and childbearing.
Consequences for Maternity Services and Healthcare Providers
The rapid increase in newly built maternity wards during the short-lived baby boom is now facing severe consequences. With the dwindling number of births, many of these facilities are shutting down due to a lack of demand, leaving medical professionals anxious about their job security and future prospects. Public and private hospitals are also suffering financially, as the low client volume makes it difficult to sustain operations. This situation has led to a drastic change in the healthcare landscape, where many doctors are considering leaving their specialized fields due to the diminishing need for maternity services.
Eunice Yang from BBC Chinese reports on the closure of over 400 maternity wards across China. Plus, South Korea's illegal tattoo parlours with BBC Korean's Yuna Ku, and why Ghana's traditional kente fabric has been recognised by UNESCO as an Intangible Cultural Heritage, with BBC Africa's Jelilat Olawale.
Yuna's documentary is part of the BBC 100 Women series. To find out more about the other inspiring and influential women on this year's list go to bbc.co.uk/100women. You can also follow BBC 100 Women on Facebook and Instagram.
Presented by Faranak Amidi.
Produced by Caroline Ferguson, Alice Gioia and Hannah Dean.