A Roundtable with Leading In-House Counsel in China
Feb 13, 2025
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Victor Shen, Chief Legal Officer of Henkel China, Liu Zhen, Vice President at Xiaomi, and Li Hua, Senior Counsel at a Fortune 500 energy company, dive into the complex world of legal compliance and intellectual property in China. They discuss the challenges posed by non-practicing entities and the changing landscape of IP litigation. The importance of agile legal strategies and strong internal compliance frameworks is emphasized, alongside insights on navigating antitrust issues and maintaining robust relationships with regulators amidst a dynamic global market.
The discussion highlighted the critical importance of strong legal strategies to combat non-practicing entities (NPEs) in the evolving IP landscape.
Challenges in compliance, particularly regarding export controls and cybersecurity, underline the need for in-house counsels to remain agile and informed.
Deep dives
Intellectual Property Management
Intellectual property (IP) is critical for businesses, especially in technology sectors, where it can define competitive edge. Companies like Xiaomi are actively developing strong patent portfolios, notably becoming one of the top owners of 5G Standard Essential Patents (SEPs) globally. Despite these efforts, challenges persist—specifically in dealing with non-practicing entities (NPEs), often referred to as ‘patent trolls,’ which can exploit weaker companies regardless of their patent strength. Navigating these disputes requires appropriate legal strategies and resources, with Xiaomi emphasizing proactive management to endure the pressures posed by NPEs within its expansive market presence.
Challenges of Compliance and Data Security
Compliance remains a significant focus for companies, particularly regarding export controls and cybersecurity amidst growing regulatory scrutiny. Current geopolitical tensions create an environment where companies like Xiaomi face essential compliance challenges, especially concerning dealings in the U.S. Compliance also extends to data protection, where businesses must adapt to various international regulations that constantly evolve. The increasing sensitivity around data security is pivotal to safeguarding global investments and maintaining operational integrity in the face of potential sanctions.
The Role of In-House Counsel
In-house counsels are critical to navigating complex legal and compliance landscapes, requiring them to remain agile and well-informed about the organization's various operations. Their role encompasses strategic oversight, ensuring that legal risks are identified and communicated comprehensively across functional teams. Successful in-house lawyers prioritize understanding contractual flows and potential compliance risks to effectively manage and mitigate legal challenges proactively. By fostering strong relationships with various internal departments, they enhance collaboration and enable informed decision-making within the organization.
Changing Dynamics of the Legal Market
The legal market in China is evolving due to economic shifts and rising domestic legal expertise, prompting a reevaluation of the roles played by foreign law firms. Multinational companies are increasingly relying on local firms that can navigate cultural and regulatory nuances effectively. As domestic firms enhance their services and compete with international players, the landscape becomes more saturated, leading to foreign firms reassessing their strategies. Consequently, top Chinese companies often engage directly with overseas legal teams, reducing reliance on intermediaries and signaling the growing sophistication of the legal services market.
In the second of a series of podcasts recorded before a live audience in China, John is joined by three in-house lawyers from major Chinese and multinational corporations: Victor Shen, Chief Legal Officer of Henkel China; Liu Zhen, Vice President Legal Department of Xiaomi; and Li Hua, senior legal counsel of a Fortune 500 energy company. They discuss intellectual property, regulatory and compliance issues in China as well as the evolving legal market. Non-practicing entities (NPEs) or “patent trolls”, which do not share the interests that patent owners and implementors have in maintaining a sustainable IP ecosystem, are a problem in China just as they are in the West. Building a strong legal strategy for IP involves maintaining inter-disciplinary teams that combine legal talent with key scientists within the company. IP disputes increasingly involve proceedings in both the U.S. and Europe. Antitrust issues do not arise in IP cases nearly as much in China as they do in the U.S. Regulatory compliance issues, especially regarding U.S. export controls, sanctions, and data security laws, are very hot topics in China. Foreign investment restrictions and lengthy review processes in multiple jurisdictions have forced companies to abandon deals. In-house lawyers need to be mentally agile and proactive. Effective legal teams must also develop strong internal compliance frameworks and maintain close relationships with regulators. Western law firms have withdrawn from China because of reduced foreign investment, the increasing capabilities of Chinese firms, and the need to retain local Chinese lawyers to represent clients in court or before regulatory agencies.