JAMA Editors' Summary ESC Highlights, Reporting Guidelines for Target Trial Emulation Studies, LSD for Anxiety and more
Sep 5, 2025
Recent research reveals the RSV vaccine's effectiveness in reducing hospitalizations among older adults. Vaccination's impact on cardiovascular health is also explored, alongside groundbreaking trials on atrial fibrillation and myocardial infarction. Discussions include gaps in cancer drug trials and the role of AI in medical imaging. Additionally, insights into methamphetamine use disorder are shared, along with promising findings on using LSD for anxiety, and awareness of paternal mental health during the perinatal period is raised.
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RSV Vaccine Lowers Hospitalizations
- RSV vaccination in older adults reduced all-cause cardiorespiratory hospitalizations in a large Danish cohort and prevented RSV-associated hospitalizations in US older adults across two seasons.
- Effectiveness was lower in immunocompromised patients and those with cardiovascular disease, highlighting subgroup differences.
Trial Emulation Suggests Cardio Benefit
- Observational emulation of trials suggested semaglutide and tirzepatide were associated with lower risk of heart-failure hospitalization or death compared with a comparator.
- Editors caution these results are interesting but not definitive until randomized trials confirm them.
Stopping Anticoagulation After Successful Ablation
- The ALONE AF randomized trial showed stopping anticoagulation after ablation in selected patients lowered a composite of stroke, embolism, or major bleeding.
- This finding informs anticoagulation management in patients with no arrhythmia recurrence for at least one year.