Sean Carroll's Mindscape: Science, Society, Philosophy, Culture, Arts, and Ideas 230 | Raphaël Millière on How Artificial Intelligence Thinks
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Mar 20, 2023 
Raphaël Millière, a philosopher and cognitive scientist at Columbia University, dives into the intricacies of artificial intelligence and its thought processes. He distinguishes between artificial and biological intelligence, highlighting the simplicity of AI's neural networks compared to human brains. Millière discusses the evolution of language models and their learning mechanisms while emphasizing their limitations and the implications for AI safety. The conversation also probes ethical questions surrounding AI's perceived rights and the significance of embodied experiences in human cognition.
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Categories of AI
- There are different categories of AI like machine learning, deep learning, and large language models (LLMs).
- LLMs are essentially super chatbots trained on vast amounts of text data.
AI Approaches
- AI aims to build systems mimicking human intelligence, with classical symbolic AI using logic and rules.
- Modern AI uses machine learning, especially deep learning with large neural networks.
Neural Networks vs. Brains
- Artificial neural networks are simpler than biological neurons, with each node performing basic math.
- The largest current models, like GPT-3, have significantly fewer parameters than the human brain.