EP 141 Ben Lamm (Founder & CEO, Colossal Biosciences) On The Breakthroughs Making De-Extinction Actually Possible
May 2, 2025
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Ben Lamm, founder and CEO of Colossal Biosciences, dives into the ambitious world of de-extinction, aiming to bring back creatures like the woolly mammoth and dire wolf. He discusses the cutting-edge gene editing techniques and ethical concerns tied to reviving extinct species. The conversation also touches on the innovative business models in biotechnology and the socio-economic impacts of these advancements. From the science behind genetic engineering to the potential for eco-tourism, it's a fascinating blend of tech and conservation.
Colossal Biosciences is leveraging advanced genetic engineering to pursue the ambitious goal of de-extinction through techniques like multiplex editing.
The company aims to address ethical debates surrounding de-extinction by promoting transparent communication and education about their scientific practices.
Colossal is exploring innovative conservation strategies, including biodiversity credits and ecotourism, to financially support their de-extinction initiatives.
Navigating complex regulatory frameworks is crucial for Colossal, as current laws often hinder advancements in genetic modification aimed at conservation.
Deep dives
Introduction to Colossal's Mission
Colossal is pioneering the field of de-extinction and species preservation by utilizing advanced genetic engineering techniques. The company focuses on leveraging tools from synthetic biology and computational biology to address challenges in genotype to phenotype relationships. By open sourcing their technologies, Colossal promotes conservation while raising substantial funds to support their ambitious projects. Since its inception in 2021, the company has secured $435 million in funding, indicating strong investor interest and confidence in its mission.
The Concept of Forced Evolution
The speaker likens the process of de-extinction to a form of 'forced evolution,' which involves manipulating the DNA of existing species to recover traits from extinct species. For example, the goal is to use the gray wolf as a genetic donor to recreate traits of the dire wolf. By using sophisticated multiplex editing techniques, Colossal is currently able to make over 50 simultaneous edits to the DNA of living cells. This innovative approach speaks to the advancements in genetic engineering that allow for precise modifications that could bring back traits of long-extinct species.
Challenges in Ancient DNA Recovery
A significant hurdle in de-extinction efforts is the recovery of viable ancient DNA, particularly from sources like the La Brea Tar Pits, where DNA integrity has been compromised over time. Colossal has studied the genomes of both dire wolves and mammoths, utilizing advanced sequencing technologies to gather genetic information about these extinct species. The company leverages comparative genomics to determine critical genetic differences necessary for recreating their target species. This comprehensive understanding of ancient genomes is essential for making informed edits to achieve desired phenotypes.
Ethics and Public Perception
The introduction of technologies that could potentially alter or revive species has sparked ethical debates regarding the implications of 'playing God.' Colossal emphasizes the intentionality behind their research, openly discussing their practices to alleviate misunderstandings about genetic modifications. Public perceptions often focus on the sensational aspects rather than the scientific merits and conservation benefits of their work. This underscores the importance of education and transparent communication with stakeholders and the general public as they navigate the complexities of de-extinction.
Impact on Conservation Efforts
Colossal envisions its technologies as valuable tools in broader conservation efforts, particularly as biodiversity continues to decline. The company believes it can contribute to the protection of critically endangered species through its initiatives, such as cloning efforts for the red wolf. By diversifying genetic stocks, they aim to mitigate risks posed to vulnerable populations. This dual approach of conservation and de-extinction showcases the potential for innovative technologies to address urgent ecological challenges.
Future Business Models
Colossal explores various business models, including potential revenue streams from biodiversity credits and ecotourism associated with revived species. There's a perception that successful de-extinction could reduce pressures to protect existing habitats; however, the company asserts that habitat conservation remains critical. Their openness to partnerships with various organizations, including government entities, signifies their commitment to balancing economic viability with ecological responsibility. As they refine their offerings and methodologies, the potential for financial sustainability alongside conservation strategies continues to evolve.
Navigating Regulatory Landscapes
The business faces complex regulatory frameworks, especially surrounding genetic modifications and the production of organisms. Current regulations often classify edited organisms as drugs, complicating the innovation process for techniques aimed at conservation. The speaker advocates for more straightforward guidelines that facilitate the responsible use of genetic engineering while also ensuring animal welfare. Adjusting regulatory perceptions could enable faster advances in technology applications related to biodiversity restoration and species recovery.
Ben Lamm, founder and CEO of Colossal Biosciences, joined the show to talk about the science (and business) of bringing extinct species back to life. Backed by top scientists and investors, Colossal is using advanced gene editing and synthetic biology to recreate animals like the woolly mammoth and dire wolf. Ben walks us through the technology, ethical considerations, and commercialization paths, including tech spinouts and conservation credits. It’s a wild conversation at the intersection of Jurassic Park and deep tech.
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