38. Back From The Dead And Ready To Party: Passenger Pigeons, De-extinction, & Cloning with Revive & Restore's Ben Novak
Aug 18, 2023
auto_awesome
Ben Novak, a conservation scientist at Revive & Restore, dives into the fascinating world of de-extinction and biotechnology for bird conservation. He unpacks the dramatic decline of the passenger pigeon, revealing its ecological significance and the innovative efforts to bring it back to life. The discussion covers biobanking in wildlife conservation and the ethical implications of reviving extinct species. Novak also highlights how biotechnology can help restore ecosystems impacted by climate change, offering a hopeful perspective on biodiversity's future.
The rapid extinction of the passenger pigeon underscores the importance of biodiversity and our responsibility in wildlife conservation efforts.
Revive and Restore is pioneering biotechnology solutions, including gene editing and biobanking, to aid in the conservation of endangered bird species.
The podcast highlights the critical need for addressing climate change to protect wildlife habitats and the importance of public support for conservation initiatives.
Deep dives
The Rise and Fall of the Passenger Pigeon
In the mid-19th century, an estimated five billion passenger pigeons thrived in North America, showcasing astounding numbers that were hard to fathom. However, within just 25 years, this seemingly inexhaustible species drastically declined to near extinction, illustrating the devastating impact of human exploitation and habitat destruction. The passenger pigeon's rapid demise can be attributed to factors such as mass hunting for food and the use of emerging technologies, like telegraph communication, which allowed hunters to hunt flocks efficiently. This extinction event serves as a stark reminder of the fragility of biodiversity and the responsibility humans carry in protecting vulnerable species.
Advancements in Biotechnology for Conservation
The interview highlights the groundbreaking efforts of Revive and Restore in employing biotechnology to aid conservation efforts, particularly in efforts to potentially de-extinct the passenger pigeon. Ben Novak discusses the development of a Biotechnology for Bird Conservation Program, which aims to advance reproductive and gene editing technologies tailored for birds' unique biology. The program represents an essential step toward reviving not just the passenger pigeon but also other endangered bird species by creating a comprehensive biotechnological toolkit. By fostering collaboration between conservationists and biotechnologists, the initiative seeks to harness innovation for the benefit of endangered species and ecosystems.
The Importance of Biobanking
Biobanking, the practice of storing biological samples for future research and conservation efforts, is underscored as a vital approach to preventing further extinctions. The conversation reveals that only about 14% of endangered species in the U.S. have any biobanked genetic material, highlighting a pressing need to expand these efforts. Revive and Restore aims to establish protocols for biobanking across various species, allowing for the preservation and potential revival of genetic diversity in wildlife. By ensuring that viable genetic material is preserved, conservation strategies can be enhanced and adapted in the face of rapid environmental changes.
The Interconnectedness of Species and Ecosystems
The passenger pigeon played a crucial role in the ecosystems of eastern North America, functioning as an ecosystem engineer that shaped forest dynamics through their massive flocks. Their extinction has left a significant ecological gap, affecting species interactions and forest health, which is exacerbated by current challenges like climate change. The loss of such a prolific species illustrates the intricate balance in ecosystems and the cascading effects that the removal of a single species can have. Efforts to reintroduce the passenger pigeon and other species focus not only on reviving their populations but also on restoring the ecological functions they once provided.
Urgency in Addressing Climate Change
The podcast emphasizes that addressing climate change is critical for the survival of many species, underscoring the importance of making urgent changes to human infrastructure and habits. As habitats are increasingly threatened by climate-induced changes, innovative solutions like biobanking and biotechnology are needed to protect and restore wildlife populations effectively. Revive and Restore highlights the necessity for political will and funding to drive conservation efforts and develop the necessary technologies for future restoration projects. Activism and public support for biodiversity initiatives are essential to accelerate impactful changes and ensure a sustainable future for endangered species.
Karl and Erum sit down with Ben Novak to delve deep into the world of biotechnology and its potential to Revive and Restore extinct species. From the dramatic decline of the passenger pigeon to the innovative efforts of conservation through biotechnology, the conversation touches on the challenges and promises of using science to rejuvenate our planet's biodiversity. The trio also discusses the broader implications of biotech in areas like food and cultivation, offering listeners a comprehensive look at the intersection of science, ethics, and entrepreneurship.
Grow Everything brings to life the bioeconomy when hosts Karl Schmieder and Erum Azeez Khan share stories from the field and interview leaders and influencers in the space. Life is a powerful force and it can be engineered. What are we creating?