Ben Highmore, "Lifestyle Revolution: How Taste Changed Class in Late 20th-Century Britain" (Manchester UP, 2023)
Mar 31, 2024
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Ben Highmore, author of 'Lifestyle Revolution: How Taste Changed Class in Late 20th-Century Britain', discusses how consumer culture reshaped class dynamics in postwar Britain. Topics include the impact of mass consumption on class culture, the evolution of symbolic goods, and the intimate environment shaped by new feelings and attitudes. The podcast explores the influence of consumerism on personal identity, the democratization of modern furniture through Habitat shops, and the role of magazines in shaping consumer culture in the 1960s. Additionally, it delves into the changes in class definitions, sociology's role in understanding class dynamics, and the interrelation between race, class, and taste in Britain.
Class culture in late 20th-century Britain was remade by mass consumption of lifestyle goods.
Consumerism in post-war Britain broadened tastes and modernized domestic lives.
Terence Conran's Habitat shops promoted curated living for contemporary spaces.
Magazines like Nova and Spare Rib influenced fashion and activism, reflecting social challenges.
Deep dives
Understanding Taste in Post-War Britain
Taste in post-war Britain underwent significant changes, marked by a modernization of domestic lives. Taste, not limited to art or literature, now encompassed alterations in everyday life influenced by new choices and ideas. The concept of sentiment, as explained by David Hume, emphasized the subjective nature of taste, focusing on feelings rather than mere judgments of superiority. Hume's notion of sentiment and expertise sheds light on how taste is both deeply felt and influenced by constant expert advice in modern society.
Impact of Consumerism on Modernity
The rise of consumerism accelerated during the late 1950s and 1960s in Britain, offering more choices by making goods more affordable. Technology played a vital role in producing new commodities like washing machines and televisions, leading to an increase in disposable income and options for individuals. Consumerism not only broadened participation in matters of taste but also created a sense of being modern through ownership and consumption of evolving domestic items.
Creating Habitat Living with Terence Conran
Terence Conran, known for his Habitat shops, revolutionized the concept of curated living by offering a range of trendy home items that promoted a modern lifestyle. The Habitat stores curated tastes that allowed customers to transform their homes into contemporary spaces, emphasizing controlled casualness and eclectic decor choices. Conran's vision promoted instant good taste and integrated various styles into a seamless living experience, appealing to those seeking a new, laid-back way of living.
Magazines and Social Issues in the 1960s
Magazines like Nova and Spare Rib reflected changing attitudes towards social issues such as sexuality, race, and feminism in the 1960s through the 1970s. These publications addressed societal inequalities, prison reform, and shifts in family dynamics, tackling issues like divorce and everyday racism. By engaging with readers on multiple levels, these magazines not only influenced fashion and lifestyle choices but also encouraged activism and awareness of pressing social challenges.
Class Realignment and Sociological Perspectives
Sociology in the 1960s and 1970s played a significant role in making people aware of class complexities and evolving societal structures. The emergence of a sense of classlessness, as highlighted by Stuart Hall, reflected a feeling of disconnect from traditional class categories. While temporary class mobility was observed in various contexts, including experiences of immigrants, structural racism and shifting job dynamics contributed to differing class experiences and challenges, especially for marginalized communities.
Race, Class, and Migration Dynamics
Migrant communities in post-war Britain experienced complex interactions between race, class, and culture. Structural racism often led to downward class mobility among migrants, yet the resilience and autonomy displayed in the face of exploitation were notable. While migrant families faced challenges such as limited job opportunities and discrimination, they also brought their unique cultures and values, contributing to the development of diverse middle-class narratives within Britain.
Impact of Taste Changes Across Different Communities
The changing landscape of taste and class mobility influenced diverse communities in varying ways, as evident in the experiences of migrants from the Caribbean and South Asia. Structural racism, job dynamics, and cultural influences shaped the emergence of distinct middle-class narratives among different racial and cultural groups. While challenges such as exploitation and limited opportunities persisted, these communities also brought enriching cultural perspectives and adaptations, contributing to the evolving fabric of British society.
In postwar Britain, journalists and politicians predicted that the class system would not survive a consumer culture where everyone had TVs and washing machines, and where more and more people owned their own homes. They were to be proved hopelessly wrong.
Ben Highmore's Lifestyle Revolution: How Taste Changed Class in Late 20th-Century Britain (Manchester UP, 2023) charts how class culture, rather than being destroyed by mass consumption, was remade from flat-pack furniture, Mediterranean cuisine and lifestyle magazines. Novelists, cartoonists and playwrights satirised the tastes of the emerging middle classes, while sociologists claimed that an entire population was suffering from 'status anxiety', but underneath it all, a new order was being constructed out of duvets, quiches and mayonnaise, easy chairs from Habitat, white emulsion paint and ubiquitous pine kitchen tables. More than just a world of symbolic goods, this was an intimate environment alive with new feelings and attitudes.
Ben Highmore is Professor of Cultural Studies at the University of Sussex. His books include The Art of Brutalism: Rescuing Hope from Catastrophe in 1950s Britain (2017) and The Great Indoors: At Home in the Modern British House (2014).
Morteza Hajizadeh is a Ph.D. graduate in English from the University of Auckland in New Zealand. His research interests are Cultural Studies; Critical Theory; Environmental History; Medieval (Intellectual) History; Gothic Studies; 18th and 19th Century British Literature. YouTube channel. Twitter.