3.3 Brent Parker, David Schrock, Trent Hunter • Interview • "A Biblical and Theological Perspective of National Israel"
Jan 15, 2024
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Brent Parker, David Schrock, and Trent Hunter discuss a theological perspective of Israel, exploring different understandings, typology, Abrahamic covenant, and how titles and offices of Israel point to Christ. They also address the connection between Old Testament prophecies, the fulfillment of land promises, Jesus as the true Israel, and the relationship between the Church and Israel. The chapter concludes with insights on interpreting Romans 11 and an invitation to engage and support the podcast.
Progressive covenantalism recognizes the importance of the covenants in Scripture while studying their relationships and sees both continuity and discontinuity between Israel and the Church.
Typological connections can be seen through themes like offspring, servant, prophet, priest, and king that trace back to Adam, develop through Israel's history, and find fulfillment in Jesus Christ and the Church.
The land promises to Israel find fulfillment in different stages throughout history, with an initial fulfillment as Israel settles in the promised land and a future fulfillment that goes beyond physical boundaries, encompassing the whole earth and extending globally.
Deep dives
Understanding the Differences in Theological Perspectives
Dispensationalism emphasizes the distinction between Israel and the Church, with restoration promises for national Israel in the future. Covenant theology sees a continuity between Israel and the Church under the umbrella of the covenant of grace. Progressive covenantalism recognizes the importance of the covenants in Scripture while studying their relationships and sees both continuity and discontinuity between Israel and the Church.
Typology: Indirect Prophecy
Typology is a form of indirect prophecy in which a person, event, or institution in the Old Testament foreshadows and anticipates something greater in the future. Typological connections can be seen through themes like offspring, servant, prophet, priest, and king that trace back to Adam, develop through Israel's history, and find fulfillment in Jesus Christ and the Church.
Fulfillment of Land Promises
The land promises to Israel find fulfillment in different stages throughout history. Joshua 21:43-45 shows the initial fulfillment of the land promises as Israel settles in the promised land. However, the prophets also speak of a future fulfillment, which goes beyond the physical boundaries of Palestine, spreading to the nations and encompassing the whole earth. The land promises are connected to the blessings of the nations, pointing to a future where the promises extend globally.
Understanding Prophetic Patterns and Direct Prophecy
The podcast discusses the concept of prophetic patterns and direct prophecy in the Bible. It explains that while some prophecies are direct and explicitly point to future events, there are also prophetic patterns where certain events or actions in the Old Testament serve as foreshadowing or patterns for future events. This is illustrated by the example of Jesus' journey to Egypt, which fulfills a prophecy in Hosea about God calling His son out of Egypt. It highlights the importance of understanding both direct prophecies and prophetic patterns for biblical literacy.
Israel as a Subset of the People of God
The podcast explores the relationship between Israel and the larger theme of the people of God in the Bible. It argues that Israel should not be understood as a separate and primary category on its own, but rather as a subset or part of the larger theme of the people of God. The discussion emphasizes the interconnectedness of Adam, Israel, and Jesus, highlighting that Jesus is the true Israelite who fulfills the role and responsibilities of Israel. It suggests that through faith union with Jesus, believers become part of the true Israel, the people of God, regardless of their ethnic background.
Listen in as David Schrock and Trent Hunter interview Brent Parker about his longform essay "A Biblical and Theological Perspective of National Israel."
Timestamps
Introduction - 00:32
How Did Brent Parker Get into Studying Israel? - 3:09
Trent Hunter’s Study of Israel - 06:27
Three Different Understandings of Israel - 11:13
How Do We Understand Typology When Regarding Israel? - 18:52
How Does a Pastor Preach about Typology? - 22:44
Understanding the Abrahamic Covenant and its Promises - 29:10
What are Some Ways to Connect Adam to Israel in Being a Corporate Adam? - 34:05
Titles and Offices of Israel Pointing to Christ - 38:31
Why Do People Move Straight from Old Testament Prophecies to End Times Before Moving to Christ? - 44:20
Is Joshua 21 a Place to See the Land Promises Fulfilled? - 48:48
Are the Land Promises Spiritualized or in Some Sense Fulfilled in the Future? - 50:40
What are a Couple Key Verses to Show that Jesus is the True Israel? – 52:57
How Is the Church Not the Replacement of Israel? - 54:40