In this collection of essays, Ayn Rand challenges the conventional moral assumption that selflessness is virtuous and argues for a new concept of egoism based on rational self-interest. The book rejects the morality of sacrifice and altruism, instead advocating for an ethics of rational selfishness that prioritizes individual happiness and life. Rand and co-author Nathaniel Branden address various ethical issues, including the nature of government, individual rights, and the destructiveness of altruism. The essays emphasize the importance of moral principles based on reason and reality rather than divine revelation or social conventions.
In 'Bowling Alone', Robert D. Putnam presents extensive data showing how Americans have become disconnected from family, friends, neighbors, and democratic structures. He argues that this decline in social capital has significant negative impacts on physical and civic health. The book explores various factors contributing to this decline, including changes in work, family structure, suburbanization, and the influence of technology such as television and the internet. Putnam also discusses historical precedents and potential solutions for reviving civic engagement and social connections.
Chris Arnade's "Dignity: Seeking Respect in Back Row America" is a poignant photo essay and narrative that explores the lives and perspectives of individuals often overlooked in society. Through powerful images and personal stories, Arnade captures the struggles, resilience, and dignity of those living on the margins. The book offers a nuanced understanding of the economic and social challenges faced by many Americans. Arnade's work challenges preconceived notions and fosters empathy for those often marginalized. It's a compelling exploration of the human condition and the search for meaning in difficult circumstances.
In 'Lost Connections', Johann Hari explores the increasing rates of depression and anxiety in the Western world. Through a 40,000-mile journey interviewing experts and visiting various communities, Hari identifies nine causes of depression and anxiety, all centered around the theme of disconnection. These causes include disconnection from meaningful work, other people, meaningful values, childhood trauma, status and respect, the natural world, and a hopeful or secure future. The book also delves into the role of genes and brain changes. Hari argues that traditional solutions focusing on chemical imbalances are insufficient and proposes alternative solutions based on reconnection, such as social prescribing, community engagement, and addressing societal issues like inequality and lack of social security.
Published in 1854, 'Walden; Or, Life in the Woods' is a series of 18 essays that reflect Thoreau's experiences living in a small cabin near Walden Pond from July 1845 to September 1847. The book is a personal declaration of independence, a social experiment, and a voyage of spiritual discovery. Thoreau details his life in the woods, discussing the construction of his cabin, his daily activities, and his philosophical reflections on economy, social relations, and the importance of living in harmony with nature. The work is considered a cornerstone of American literature and a foundational text in the Transcendentalist movement, emphasizing the benefits of a simplified lifestyle and the importance of individual freedom and self-reliance[2][4][5].
Author and economist Noreena Hertz of University College London talks about her book, The Lonely Century, with EconTalk host Russ Roberts. Hertz blames social media and the individualist, pro-capitalism worldviews of leaders like Margaret Thatcher and Ronald Reagan for the rise in loneliness in the developed world. Russ suggests some alternative causes. The result is a lively conversation about understanding and explaining social trends.
EconTalk 
