The Evolution of In-Groups and Out-Groups

Humans evolved to form groups, and the definition of a group has evolved over time. From family and clan, to sports teams, school groups, races, and political and religious affiliations, we tend to associate with those who are part of our in-group. This drive to form in-groups and out-groups is rooted in our ancient survival instincts and the need to identify who is trustworthy and part of our community. Our brains automatically activate physiological responses when encountering individuals who are not part of our in-group, leading to biases, stereotypes, and discrimination. However, these biases and learned stereotypes can be unlearned, and it is crucial to teach future generations to view diversity positively and reject stereotypes.