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Evolutionary psychology plays a pivotal role in understanding consumer behavior, emphasizing the innate biological factors that influence our purchasing decisions. The speaker argues that while cultural influences do shape consumer habits, they operate within the constraints of human biology. For example, traditional views of gendered toy preferences suggest that socialization fully dictates behavior; however, studies show that even pre-socialized children display sex-specific toy preferences. This evidence points to an underlying set of universal instincts that dictate consumer choices, challenging the notion that humans are merely products of their cultural environments.