Professor Xiaobing Li discusses the evolution of China's Navy, from its humble beginnings to becoming the second-largest navy globally. The podcast explores tensions with the US in the South China Sea, China's naval modernization goals, and strategic concerns over potential conflicts in the region. The conversation delves into historical transformations, naval reforms, and the role of key figures like Xi Jinping in shaping China's naval strategy and challenging the US-dominated security system.
China's Navy became the 2nd largest globally due to significant expansion, surpassing US Navy in strike miles.
China's naval strategy involves near sea defense and far sea protection, influenced by national security concerns.
Deep dives
Evolution of China's Navy
China's Navy underwent a significant transformation over the years, evolving from a small fleet during the Cold War to become the second largest Navy globally by 2021. With 240,000 officers and sailors, 350 surface ships, submarines, 15,000 Marines, 28,000 naval aviation personnel, and nearly 700 aircraft, the Chinese Navy boasts substantial firepower, surpassing the US Navy in strike miles. The Navy's expansion involved commissioning new warships, constructing naval facilities, and actively engaging in tensions with the US, Taiwan, and Japan in the South China Sea and Taiwan Strait.
China's Naval Strategy
China's naval strategy focuses on near sea defense and far sea protection. Near sea defense entails combat operations like amphibious and joint landing campaigns, while far sea protection emphasizes sea and air control including aerial denial operations and air counterattacks. The strategy delineates maritime control between the near and far seas using island chains to define defense boundaries. China's naval developments are influenced by national security concerns, international relations, economic resources, and political conditions.
Naval Development History and Role in Internal Security
The history of China's naval development traces back to the 1970s and 1980s, marked by the introduction of strategic nuclear submarines, guided missile destroyers, and advanced missile systems, shaping the Chinese Navy's capabilities. Deng Xiaoping's tenure played a crucial role in supporting the Navy's modernization, allocating a significant portion of the defense budget. Additionally, the PLA Navy's involvement in Tiananmen Square crisis exemplified its role in internal security and political stability, showcasing the Navy's strategic significance beyond defense operations.
The Clements-Strauss Asia Policy Program hosted Xiaobing Li, professor of history and the Don Betz endowed chair in international studies at the University of Central Oklahoma, for a book talk on China’s New Navy: The Evolution of PLAN from the People’s Revolution to a 21st Century Cold War.
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