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Document Founders To Preserve History
- Preserve primary source interviews and documents to capture industry origins for future study.
- Joel Weber and Eric Belchunas recorded key participants to fossilize the ETF's origin story for posterity.
Regulator's Text Became A Market Spark
- The ETF's origin story links regulatory analysis to exchange innovation rather than a single firm product launch.
- Howard Kramer at the SEC wrote the passage that inspired Amex staff to create what became the first ETF.
Crash Revealed Systemic Fragility
- The 1987 crash (Black Monday) exposed how program trading and portfolio insurance amplified selling into a collapse.
- The SEC launched a deep investigation to reconstruct events and propose fixes.